Relationships: 𝑐 𝑣 = 𝑓𝜆 = 𝑛 bright
!
dark 𝑑 sin 𝜃! = 𝑚 + ! 𝜆; 𝑚 = 0, ±1, ±2, …
= 𝑚𝜆; 𝑚 = 0, ±1, ±2, …
𝑑 sin 𝜃!
dark 𝑎 sin 𝜃! = 𝑚𝜆; 𝑚 = 0, ±1, ±2, …
𝜃min =
𝑦! = 𝐿 tan 𝜃!
𝜆 , 𝑎
𝑛! sin 𝜃! = 𝑛! sin 𝜃! ℎ! 𝑞 𝑀 = = − ℎ 𝑝
𝑛! (for 𝑛! > 𝑛! ) 𝑛!
𝑓 𝑓-‐number = 𝐷
1 1 2 1 + = = 𝑝 𝑞 𝑅 𝑓
1 = 𝑛−1 𝑓
𝜆! − 𝜆! =
ℎ 1 − cos 𝜃 𝑚! 𝑐
𝐾max = ℎ𝑓 − 𝜙 ℎ 𝜆 = 𝑝
ℏ ∆𝑝∆𝑥 ≥ 2 !
𝑥 =
ℏ! 𝑑 ! 𝜓 + 𝑈𝜓 = 𝐸𝜓 2𝑚 𝑑𝑥 ! ℎ! 𝐸! = 𝑛! ; 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, … 8𝑚𝐿!
𝜓 ∗ 𝑥𝜓 d𝑥
−
!!
𝑛𝜋𝑥 ; 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, … 𝐿
1 1 1 = 𝑅H ! − ! ; 𝑛 = 3, 4, 5, … 𝜆 2 𝑛
1 1 − 𝑅! 𝑅!
𝜆max 𝑇 = 2.898×10!! m∙K
𝐸 = ℎ𝑓
𝜓 𝑥 = 𝐴 sin
𝜆 𝜃min = 1.22 𝐷
𝑛! 𝑛!
tan 𝜃p = sin 𝜃! =
∆𝑥 + ∆𝜙! 𝜆
∆𝜙 = 2𝜋
𝐸! = −
𝑘! 𝑒 ! 1 13.606 eV =− ; 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, … ! 2𝑎! 𝑛 𝑛!
𝐸! = 𝑍𝑀 𝐻 + 𝑁𝑚! − 𝑀 !!𝑋 ×931.494 MeV/u 𝑁 = 𝑁! 𝑒 !!" ; 𝑅 = 𝑅! 𝑒 !!"
𝑇!
!
=
0.693 𝜆
Constants: 𝑚e = 5.48579×10!! u = 9.10938×10!!" Kg
1eV = 1.60×10!!" J
𝑚p = 1.007276 u = 1.67262×10!!" Kg
𝑒 = 1.60×10!!" C
𝑚n = 1.008665 u = 1.67493×10!!" Kg
ℎ = 6.63×10!!" J∙s
1 u = 1.660539×10!!" Kg = 931.494 MeV/𝑐 !
ℏ=
𝜎 = 5.67×10!! W/m! ∙K !
ℎ𝑐 = 1240 eV∙nm
ℏ! 𝑎! = = 0.0529 nm 𝑚! 𝑘! 𝑒 !
𝑘! = 8.9876×10! N∙m! /C !
𝑅H = 1.0973732×10! m!!
𝑐 = 2.99792×10! N∙m! /C !
10
ℎ = 1.055×10!!" J∙s 2𝜋