Need Of Conservation Of Historical Sites In India 46131o

NEED OF CONSERVATION OF HISTORICAL SITES IN INDIA SUBMITTED TO Mrs. MONICA

PREPARED BY SAMARTH SINGH CLASS -10 D ROLL NO - 32

INTRODUCTION • India has a rich heritage which includes a repository of archaeological treasures and incredible monuments. • This cultural history epitomized in heritage monuments stems from a historic past of ancient civilization. • The Taj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri in Agra, the Konark Sun Temple, Khajuraho Temples, Mahabalipuram Monuments, Thanjavur, Hempi Monuments as well as the Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta Caves are some of the monuments declared as World Heritage Monuments.

ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA • The Archaeological Survey of India(ASI) is an Indian government agency in the Ministry of Culture that is responsible for archaeological studies and the preservation of cultural monuments. • According to its website, the ASI's function is to explore, excavate, conserve, preserve and protect the monuments and sites of National & International Importance.  

LORD JAGANNATH TEMPLE • Lord Jagannath temple at Puri, Orissa was constructed on the first quarter of the 12th century by King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva. • The temple is famous for its annual rath yatra . • The temple is sacred to the vaishnava traditions and saint Ramananda who was closely associated with the temple.

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE • The central forms of Jagannath, Balabhadra and the goddess Subhadra constitute the trinity of deities sitting on the bejewelled platform or the Ratnavedi in the inner sanctum. • The SudarshanChakra,deities of Madanmohan, Sridevi and Vishwadhatri are also placed on the Ratnavedi. The deities of Jagannath, Balabhadra, Subhadra and Sudarshan Chakra are made from sacred Neem logs known as Daru Bramha. Depending on the season the deities are adorned in different garbs and jewels. Worship of the deities predate the temple structure and may have originated in an ancient tribal shrine.

THREATINING FACTORS • The maximum damage in the temple is caused by the rusting of clamps. • Apart from this the stone expanded due to seepage, generating pressure and causing chunks to fall. • The outer faces which covered with lime plaster had failed to control saline induced deterioration and leakage besides putting extra pressure on the fabric of the temple and hiding the beautiful carvings. • It was found that the condition of the inner walls and corbels required attention. • Similarly, on the southern side of the temple major structural weakness were detected in the form of multiple cracks, missing architectural pieces etc.

CONSERVATORY METHODS • Replacements of missing corbels as per the original. • Replacements of rusted wrought iron cramps by stainless steel cramps . • Sealing of the stone ts by a t sealant comprising stone dust, cement , polymer and non-shrink additives. • Grouting the inner core with polymer modified, flexible, non-shrink, cement grouts. • Providing a stainless steel anchors, grouted with low viscous epoxy resins.

• Improvement to the existing ventilation system by drilling appropriate diameter holes through the ceiling of the floor . • Desalination of the external fascia stones by paper pulp technique. • Providing a stainless steel space frame, as a secondary defense to the ground floor corbelled roof. • Lateral confinement of the entrance corner walls of each floor by stainless steel flats.

PLEDGE Let us today pledge that today onwards we will not damage or harm any monument or building and also stop others to do it.

THANK YOU