04-ship Grounding - How Earthing Works For Different Types Of Ships_.pdf 2s214m
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Electrical Grounding On Ships
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written by: sriram balu • edited by: KennethSleight • updated: 4/7/2010 We all know about 3phase 4wire system which is commonly used in shore. But lets know what kind of unique system we use on board ships. Know why we use such unique type of grounding system on board ships? The Earthing/Grounding system which provides doublesafety on board ships.
How Earthing Works on Shore Before delving into ship grounding, let us study about shore grounding to have a basic understanding of the concept. In shore we use 3phase 4wire systems, in which 3 wires are representing each phase and 4th wire is neutral which carries the return current. The neutral is earthed at many places for the safety of human beings against shocks. If any conductor carrying current has its insulation failure, then if the conductor comes in with the metal enclosure part of the machinery, then it may cause voltage accumulation, leading to shock to human beings which is highly fatal. Thus to maintain the safety of human beings against the accidents due to circuit failures, the neutral is earthed at various places like transformers, distribution substations etc. This makes the equipment to automatically get out of supply by tripping the protection devices.
Insulated Neutral SystemThe Reason for Using it Onboard for Ship grounding The requirement ashore is the safety of human beings. So, inorder to prevent humanelectrical accidents, the neutral is earthed. The priority is neither the safety of the machinery nor the continuous necessary operation of the
machinery. But the scenario onboard ship is totally different. The priority is the continuous operation of the machineries which are classed "essential". The distribution system followed onboard is "insulated neutral" system. The main priority onboard is the safety of ship which includes navigation & fire safety..etc. If due to earth fault, the machinery classed as"essential" gets isolated, say for eg: steering gear, then the safety of ship is at question, which may lead to collison, grounding, fire & pollution etc..So the priority onboard ship is to maintain the continuity of the supply to the machinery in the event of "single earth fault occurring".
Perdagangan Secara Online Saham, Forex, Minyak,Emas-Plus500™. CFD service. 25€ Daftar bonus
Circuit Faults: A basic circuit consist essentially of Two parts: 1. The Conductorwhich carried the current around the circuit. 2. The Insulationwhich keeps the current inside the conductor. Only 2 types of circuit faults can occur. Either break in the insulation or break in the conductor.
.
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The break in the conductor leads to nonflow of current in the circuit. A break in the insulation leads to an earth fault, allowing the conductor to touch the hull or earthed metal enclosure. A shortcircuit fault is due to the double break in the insulation, allowing both conductors to get connected, thus a very high current es through, bying the load. A majority of earth faults occurs within the equipment. Generally insulation failure occurs which leads to the conductor getting in with the body of the metal enclosure. When such earth faults happen, the metal enclosure of the equipment if not earthed, it would cause a heavy shock, and may result in fire accidents too.. SIGNIFICANCE OF EARTH FAULTS:
If an earth fault occurs in an "earthed distribution system", it would be equivalent to a "shortcircuit" fault across the load via ship's hull. The resulting large earth fault current will immediately "blowup" the fuses in the line. Thus the equipment is isolated from the supply and thus rendered safe. This may result in hazardous situation, if the equipment is classed as "essential" for eg: steering gear. Thus the "earthed distribution system" requires only one earth fault on the line conductor to cause an earth fault current to flow. If the earth fault occurs in "insulated neutral distribution system", will not cause any equipment to go out of operation and thus maintains the continuity of operation of the equipment. This point is to be noted," the machinery still continues to operate". Thus a single earth fault will not provide a complete circuit for the fault current to flow. If a second earth fault occurs, then the two earth faults together would be equivalent to a short circuit fault ( via ships hull) thus resulting large current would operate the protection devices, cause disconnection of, perhaps, essential services creating a risk to the safety of the ship. An insulated neutral distribution system requires two earth faults on two different lines to cause an earth fault current to flow. Thus an insulated neutral system, is ,therefore, more effective than an earthed system in maintaining continuity of supply to equipments. Hence it is adopted for most marine electrical systems.
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Electrical Grounding On Ships
Leave a comment
The Smartest Fingerprint Smartphone
Learn More
written by: sriram balu • edited by: KennethSleight • updated: 4/7/2010 We all know about 3phase 4wire system which is commonly used in shore. But lets know what kind of unique system we use on board ships. Know why we use such unique type of grounding system on board ships? The Earthing/Grounding system which provides doublesafety on board ships.
How Earthing Works on Shore Before delving into ship grounding, let us study about shore grounding to have a basic understanding of the concept. In shore we use 3phase 4wire systems, in which 3 wires are representing each phase and 4th wire is neutral which carries the return current. The neutral is earthed at many places for the safety of human beings against shocks. If any conductor carrying current has its insulation failure, then if the conductor comes in with the metal enclosure part of the machinery, then it may cause voltage accumulation, leading to shock to human beings which is highly fatal. Thus to maintain the safety of human beings against the accidents due to circuit failures, the neutral is earthed at various places like transformers, distribution substations etc. This makes the equipment to automatically get out of supply by tripping the protection devices.
Insulated Neutral SystemThe Reason for Using it Onboard for Ship grounding The requirement ashore is the safety of human beings. So, inorder to prevent humanelectrical accidents, the neutral is earthed. The priority is neither the safety of the machinery nor the continuous necessary operation of the
machinery. But the scenario onboard ship is totally different. The priority is the continuous operation of the machineries which are classed "essential". The distribution system followed onboard is "insulated neutral" system. The main priority onboard is the safety of ship which includes navigation & fire safety..etc. If due to earth fault, the machinery classed as"essential" gets isolated, say for eg: steering gear, then the safety of ship is at question, which may lead to collison, grounding, fire & pollution etc..So the priority onboard ship is to maintain the continuity of the supply to the machinery in the event of "single earth fault occurring".
Perdagangan Secara Online Saham, Forex, Minyak,Emas-Plus500™. CFD service. 25€ Daftar bonus
Circuit Faults: A basic circuit consist essentially of Two parts: 1. The Conductorwhich carried the current around the circuit. 2. The Insulationwhich keeps the current inside the conductor. Only 2 types of circuit faults can occur. Either break in the insulation or break in the conductor.
.
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Euro '16You Could Be 2 Steps Away From Opening Match Tickets Goal Studios/This Ones For You
Are you suffering from Hearing Loss? Hearing Experts Malaysia
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Best Deals on Mobile Phones & Tablets for the Best Price in Malaysia LAZADA
The Seven Characteristics of Asia’s Best Mayors Microsoft
What Did Marina Mahathir Study in Uni? [Infographic] EduAdvisor
7 easy ways to incorporate study into your daily routine The Naked CEO
The break in the conductor leads to nonflow of current in the circuit. A break in the insulation leads to an earth fault, allowing the conductor to touch the hull or earthed metal enclosure. A shortcircuit fault is due to the double break in the insulation, allowing both conductors to get connected, thus a very high current es through, bying the load. A majority of earth faults occurs within the equipment. Generally insulation failure occurs which leads to the conductor getting in with the body of the metal enclosure. When such earth faults happen, the metal enclosure of the equipment if not earthed, it would cause a heavy shock, and may result in fire accidents too.. SIGNIFICANCE OF EARTH FAULTS:
If an earth fault occurs in an "earthed distribution system", it would be equivalent to a "shortcircuit" fault across the load via ship's hull. The resulting large earth fault current will immediately "blowup" the fuses in the line. Thus the equipment is isolated from the supply and thus rendered safe. This may result in hazardous situation, if the equipment is classed as "essential" for eg: steering gear. Thus the "earthed distribution system" requires only one earth fault on the line conductor to cause an earth fault current to flow. If the earth fault occurs in "insulated neutral distribution system", will not cause any equipment to go out of operation and thus maintains the continuity of operation of the equipment. This point is to be noted," the machinery still continues to operate". Thus a single earth fault will not provide a complete circuit for the fault current to flow. If a second earth fault occurs, then the two earth faults together would be equivalent to a short circuit fault ( via ships hull) thus resulting large current would operate the protection devices, cause disconnection of, perhaps, essential services creating a risk to the safety of the ship. An insulated neutral distribution system requires two earth faults on two different lines to cause an earth fault current to flow. Thus an insulated neutral system, is ,therefore, more effective than an earthed system in maintaining continuity of supply to equipments. Hence it is adopted for most marine electrical systems.
You May Like
Sponsored Links by Taboola
Get Home & Kitchen Appliances at the Best Prices in Malaysia LAZADA
Elizabeth Tan HungryGoWhere M'sia
Euro '16You Could Be 2 Steps Away From Opening Match Tickets Goal Studios/This Ones For You
Are you suffering from Hearing Loss? Hearing Experts Malaysia
A New MMORPG You Won't Get Bored With : Click here to try! Sparta Online Game
The Seven Characteristics of Asia’s Best Mayors Microsoft
What Did Marina Mahathir Study in Uni? [Infographic] EduAdvisor
7 easy ways to incorporate study into your daily routine The Naked CEO
7 Ways To Earn Extra Money in Malaysia 8share
I bet you’re gonna love this game :) for free! Elvenar Free Online Game
About BH Engineering
of Use
Us
Privacy Policy
With Us
Copyright Policy
RSS
© 2012 Bright Hub Inc. All Rights Reserved
ads by media.net
Used Industrial Machinery
Concrete Technology
Used Industrial Equipment
Distribution System
Search
See Also
ads by media.net
Used Industrial Machinery Used Industrial Equipment Material Handling Equipment
More Info
SUBSCRIBE & FOLLOW:
RELATED TOPICS:
Electronic parts store
Enclosures
Machinery & Ship Systems Marine History Naval Architecture Seafaring Tweets by @BH_Engineering
FOR EMAILS Click here to for our newsletter »
Popular Pages Marine Electrical Power Distribution System Articles on Marine Engineering, Ship Building, Ocean Travel & Shipping, Maritime Law and More at Bright Hub.Com Info on Electrical Engineering Including Basic Electrical Wiring & Principles, Safety Tips, Telecommunication Trends & Technology Marine Engines, Machinery & Controls: Learn About the Types of Engines & Electrical Systems Onboard a Ship AC and DC Electric Shock Effects Compared
Social Twitter Facebook Google+
More Stories
Sponsored Links by Taboola
Elizabeth Tan HungryGoWhere M'sia
Get Home & Kitchen Appliances at the Best Prices in Malaysia LAZADA
Euro '16You Could Be 2 Steps Away From Opening Match Tickets Goal Studios/This Ones For You
Are you suffering from Hearing Loss? Hearing Experts Malaysia
A New MMORPG You Won't Get Bored With : Click here to try! Sparta Online Game
© brighthubengineering.com. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy
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