5-raymond-acid Rain Formal Lab Report 1w5z6j

Acid Rain Lab Submitted by: Owen Raymond Tyler erine October 23, 2014 Period 5

Acid Rain, the Situation Dissolving Around Us Objective: The problem is that acid rain is becoming more common and is getting stronger. This is a problem because acid rain effects different types of rocks and building materials. In this experiment the independent variable is the type of stone. The dependent variable is the amount of stone dissolved by the acid rain (vinegar). Introduction: The relative theory behind this lab is to determine which stones are most effected by acid rain. As pollution increases, so does acid rain. Pollution recently has been relatively high resulting in more acid rain than usual (EPA- Acid Rain, 12/4/12). Acid rain is not good for our environment or our buildings. Scientists have discovered that acid may become harmful to wildlife, and to our buildings. It can harm animals by making the pH of the water they drink too high for them to handle. It can also corrode and dissolve certain types of stone and metal (EPAAcid Rain, 12/4/12). In the experiment knowing how to use a graduated cylinder, litmus paper, and an electronic balance is necessary.

Materials:        

Ziploc bag Sharpie marker Graduated cylinders Vinegar, 20 mL per sample tested to soak samples in for 24 to 48 hours Electronic balance Samples of stone: limestone, pink quartz, pea stone, and granite composite pH paper Safety goggles and lab aprons

Procedure: 1. Get out materials 2. Put on goggles and lab aprons 3. Measure each of the stone samples with an electronic balance 4. Record data 5. Put each stone sample in a different bag 6. Label each bag with a sharpie marker depending on what stone is inside it 7. Get out pH paper 8. Measure the acidity of the vinegar 9. Pour the vinegar into four different graduated cylinders 10. Pour 20 mL of vinegar in each graduated cylinder 11. Pour each graduated cylinder of vinegar into a different labeled bag 12. Make sure each bag is air tight 13. Wait 24 – 48 hours 14. Take out each stone sample 15. Measure each stone sample with the electronic balance 16. Record your data 17. Measure the pH of the vinegar in each bag 18. Put away your materials

Data:

Item

percent measurement change original after 24-48 in measurement hours mass

limestone quartz

4.3g 6.7g

3.8g 6.2g

-11.6% -7.5%

pea stone granite composit e

0.5g

0.5g

0%

8.7g

8.7g

0%

Before and After 10 8 6 4 2 0

limestone

quartz

pea stone

granite composite

original measurement in grams measurement after 24-48 hours of benig soaked in grams

Percent Change in Mass 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00%

Calculations: Percent abundance for limestone 4.3g - 4.8g = .5g .5 =.116 4.3 .116 x 100 = 11.6%

Percent abundance for quartz 6.7g- 6.2g = .5g 0.5 = 0.746 6.7 0.746 x 100 = 7.46 then rounded to 7.5

Observations: Limestone: Before: hard, rough material appears to be very porous During: it is fizzing and seems to be dissolving in the vinegar After: it is a lot smaller and has turned the water a light brown Quartz:

Before: very hard solid, smooth material. It has a slight pink color. During: it is creating small bubbles and is fizzing a little After: it is slightly smaller and has turned the water slightly pink. It is

also rough now. Pea Stone: Before: it is small and round. It is also very hard and solid. During: no immediate reaction After: unchanged Granite Composite:

Before: large, hard, and rough. It is slightly porous. During: bubbling slightly After: unchanged

Conclusion: I claim that the Acid rain (vinegar) effects the limestone the most and the pea stone the least. I think this because my data table the percent change for limestone was 11.6%, the percent change for quartz was 7.5%, the percent change for the pea stone was 0%, and the percent change for the granite composite was 0%. I know that the pea stone was the least changed because it had no change in qualitative or quantitative observations. I know that the limestone was changed the most because it’s percent change was the highest and it had many changes in qualitative observations. My evidence s my claim because it is showing how limestone was most effected by the acid rain by losing the most mass and by having the most qualitative observation differences after 24 hours. My data also shows how the pea stone was completely unaffected by the acid rain. This experiment relates to the natural world because in the lab the vinegar was meant to act as acid rain and dissolve different stone types. This experiment was conducted to see what types of stones would be effected in nature and as building materials by acid rain.

References: What is Acid Rain? (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2014.