Affixes 5z1u13

DO NOW! How many words can you make from the letters in:

UNDERSTANDABLE

FORTY MOST FREQUENT PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES Word Beginnings and Endings You Can Really Use

Erin Fischer, Peace Corps Volunteer RIOBAM

Why learn about prefixes and suffixes?

OBJECTIVE 

We will be able to recognize and use the most common prefixes and suffixes in order to increase our vocabulary and understanding of academic texts.

BASIC root form: a word with no prefix or suffix added; may also be referred to as a base word, untouchable, thermal affix: meaningful part of a word attached before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning prefix: an affix which is placed before the stem of a word (re-, un-, dis-) suffix: an affix which is placed after the stem of a word (-able, -ive, -ly)

derivation: a word formed from an existing word electric 5

electricity

What Are Prefixes? 



Prefixes are first syllables like “non-” and “re-” that have their own meaning. Prefixes combine with words to create new meanings. 1. 2.

Pre + View = Preview (first look) Super + Star = Superstar (top player)

Why Learn Prefixes? 





Prefixes add meaning to thousands of words. Learn a few prefixes, and you open up the meaning of thousands of words. The four most frequent prefixes are 97% of prefixed words!

Most Common Prefixes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Anti = against : anti-war De = opposite : destroy Dis* = not, opposite of : disagree En(m) = cause to : encode, embrace Fore = before : forecast In(m) = in : intake, implant Inter = between : interact

Most Common Prefixes 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

14.

Mid = Middle : Midway Mis = Wrong : Mistake Non = Not : Nonsense Over = Over : Overlook Pre = Before : Preview Re = Again : Return Semi = Half : Semicircle

Most Common Prefixes 15. Sub = Under : Submarine 16. Super = Above: Superstar 17. Trans = Across : Transport 18. Un = Not : Unfriendly 19. Under = Under : Undersea 20. In, Im, Il, Ir = Not : Injustice, Impossible, Illiterate, Irreligious.

What Are Suffixes? 



Suffixes are last syllables like “ed” and “ly” that have their own meaning. Suffixes combine with words to create new meanings. Turn + ed = Turned (in the past) 2. Quick + ly = Quickly (how it turned) 1.

Why Learn Suffixes? 





Suffixes add meaning to thousands of words. Learn a few Suffixes, and you open up the meaning of thousands of words. The four most frequent suffixes are 97% of suffixed words!

Most Common Suffixes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

-able, ible = can be done : doable -al, ial = has property of : personal -ed = past verb : turned -en = made of : golden -er = comparative : higher -er = person who : doer, actor -est = superlative : best, biggest

Most Common Suffixes 8. –ful = full of : careful, joyful 9. –ic = having property of : linguistic 10. –ing = present participle : running 11. –(t)ion = act, process : action 12. –(i)ty = state of : infinity, sanity 13. –(t)ive = adjective : abusive, imperative 14. –less = without : fearless, careless

Most Common Suffixes 15. –ly = having : quickly, quietly 16. –ment = action, process : enjoyment 17. –ness = state of : kindness 18. –ous = having : joyous, religious 19. –s = more than one : books 20. –y = having : happy, windy

Derivational Suffixes 16

Derivational suffixes change the part of speech. 



Words ending with –tion, -ment, and -ness are often nouns. Words ending with –ive, –ish, –ity and are often adjectives.

Susan Ebbers 2005

Examples 

  

  

Creation is derived from create. ive is derived from . Stylish is derived from style. Stupidity is derived from stupid. Kindness is derived from kind. Amazement is derived from amaze. Joyous is derived from joy.

TEAM CHALLENGE! -s talk box rest cook green use

warm color

-es

-ing

-ed

-er

-est

-ful

-less

TEAM CHALLENGE! -s

-ing

-ed

-er

talking

talked

talker

boxes boxing

boxed

boxer

rests

resting

rested

cooks

cooking

cooked

cooker

greens

greening

greened

greener

uses

using

used



warms

warming

warmed

warmer

colors

coloring

colored

talks

-es

-est

-ful

-less

restful

restless

useful

useless

colorful

colorless

greenest

warmest

INDIVIDUAL CHALLENGE Using prefixes and suffixes, how many derivations can you create from:

HAPPY Include the correct part of speech!

Can you use common affixes? 1.

2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7.

8.

I have a different idea; I __agree. That can’t be; it’s just __possible. Say that again; please __peat it. Aliens look bad; they are __friendly. Tina took the car since she want__ it. Now the car is run__ down the road. Tina is in a hurry; she’s driving quick__. Do you think that she has any ticket__?