Alcohol By Volume 1db4

Alcohol by volume “ABV” redirects here. For other uses, see ABV (disam- 2 Alcohol proof biguation). Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as ABV, abv, or Another way of specifying the amount of alcohol is alcohol proof, which in the United States is twice the alcohol-by-volume number, while in the United Kingdom it is 1.75 times the number (expressed as a percentage).[7][8] For example, 40% abv is 80 proof in the US and 70 proof in the UK. However, since 1980, alcoholic proof in the UK has been replaced by abv as a measure of alcohol content.

3 Alcohol by volume and alcohol by weight In the United States, a few states regulate and tax alcoholic beverages according to alcohol by weight (ABW), The alcohol by volume shown on a bottle of absinthe. expressed as a percentage of total mass. Some brewers alc/vol) is a standard measure of how much alcohol print the ABW (rather than the ABV) on beer contain(ethanol) is contained in a given volume of an alcoholic ers, particularly on low-point versions of popular domesbeverage (expressed as a volume percent).[1][2][3] It is de- tic beer brands. fined as the number of millilitres of pure ethanol present One can use the following equation to convert between in 100 millilitres of solution at 20°C. The number of ABV and ABW: millilitres of pure ethanol is the mass of the ethanol divided by its density at 20°C, which is 0.78924 g/ml. The ABV standard is used worldwide. The International OrABV ×0.78924 = ABW ×g/ml in 20°C at beverage of density ganization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and At relatively low ABV, the alcohol percentage by weight temperatures. is about 4/5 of the ABV (e.g., 3.2% ABW is about 4% In some countries, alcohol by volume is referred to as ABV).[9] However, because of the miscibility of alcohol degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph and water, the conversion factor is not constant but rather Louis Gay-Lussac),[4] although there is a slight difference depends upon the concentration of alcohol. 100% ABW, since Gay-Lussac used 15 °C. of course, is equivalent to 100% ABV. Mixing two solutions of alcohol of different strengths usually causes a change in volume. Mixing pure water with a solution less than 24% by mass causes a slight in- 4 Prediction of alcohol content crease in total volume, whereas the mixing of two solutions above 24% causes a decrease in volume.[lower-alpha 1] More information on the phenomenon of volume changes During the production of wine and beer, yeast is added due to mixing dissimilar solutions is discussed in the ar- to a sugary solution. During fermentation, the yeast organisms consume the sugars and produce alcohol. The ticle on partial molar volume. density of sugar in water is greater than the density of alcohol in water. A hydrometer is used to measure the change in specific gravity (SG) of the solution before and 1 Typical levels after fermentation. The volume of alcohol in the solution can then be estimated. There are a number of empirical Details about typical amounts of alcohol contained in var- formulae which brewers and winemakers use to estimate ious beverages can be found in the articles about them. the alcohol content of the liquor made. 1

2

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4.1

Wine

[6] Robinson 2006, p. 279.

The simplest method for wine has been described by English author C.J.J. Berry:[8]

[7] Regan 2003. [8] Berry 1998. [9] “Alcohol Content In Beer”. www.realbeer.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-05.

• ABV = (Starting SG − Final SG)/7.36

4.2

EXTERNAL LINKS

Beer

[10] “Calculate Percent Alcohol in Beer”. Beer.com. Retrieved 2014-07-03.

Main article: Beer measurement § Strength

BrewMore-

[11] Anon, 2012, Industrial Microbiology Beer Fermentation Practical, School Of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne

The calculation for beer is:[10]

1.05 is the number of grams of ethanol produced for every [12] “Get to Know Your Alcohol (By Volume)". BeerAdvogram of CO2 produced, and .79 is the density of ethanol, cate.com. Retrieved 2014-07-03. • ABV =

1.05 0.79

(

Starting SG−Final SG Final SG

)

× 100 [11]

7 Bibliography

However, many brewers use the following formula:[12] • ABV = 131 (Starting SG − Final SG)

5

• Berry, C. J. J. (1998). First Steps in Winemaking. Nexus Special Interests. ISBN 978-1-85486-139-9.

See also • Alcohol proof

• Regan, Gary (2003). The Joy of Mixology. Clarkson Potter. ISBN 978-0-609-60884-5.

• Unit of alcohol

• Robinson, Jancis (2006). The Oxford Companion to Wine (3rd ed.). Oxford: OUP. ISBN 978-0-19860990-2.

• Standard drink • Apparent molar property • Excess molar quantity

8 External links

• Volume fraction

6

• Hehner, Otto (1880). Alcohol Tables: giving for all specific gravities, from 1.0000 to 0.7938, the percentages of absolute alcohol, by weight and volume. London: J & A Churchill, ASIN B0008B5HOU.

• How do brewers measure the alcohol in beer? HowStuffWorks

References

• Alcohol strength and density [1] See data in the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 49th edition, pp. D-151 and D-152. Mixing a solution above 24% with a solution below 24% may cause an increase or a decrease, depending on the details. [1] “Lafayette Brewing Co.”. www.lafayettebrewingco.com. Retrieved 2012-02-04. [2] “Glossary of whisky and distillation”. celtic-whisky.com. Retrieved 2012-02-04.

www.

[3] “English Ales Brewery Monterey British Brewing Glossary”. www.englishalesbrewery.com. Retrieved 201202-04. [4] “Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778–1850)". istry.about.com. Retrieved 2008-07-05. [5] Robinson 2006, p. 10.

chem-

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Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

9.1

Text

• Alcohol by volume Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_by_volume?oldid=697803495 Contributors: SimonP, CatherineMunro, Thue, Geraki, Pigsonthewing, Goethean, Enochlau, Smjg, BenFrantzDale, Niteowlneils, Bobblewik, LHOON, MementoVivere, Guppyfinsoup, KeyStorm, Chowells, Notinasnaid, Dewet, RoyBoy, Bobo192, Vervin, Remuel, RenesisX, Grutness, PaulHanson, Eric Kvaalen, Sir Joseph, Gpvos, Sciurinæ, Xtopher, OwenX, Liface, Mandarax, Rjwilmsi, Pjetter, DeadlyAssassin, Ysangkok, Robert Prummel, Walter Moar, DVdm, Stoive, Bgwhite, RobotE, Dvd Avins, Biopresto, Wknight94, E tac, Saltmarsh, Itub, SmackBot, Mr Curly, Brian Patrie, Mercifull, Gilliam, Hmains, Amatulic, Chris the speller, Silly rabbit, Shalom Yechiel, Eric Mushroom Wilson, Microfrost, Matteo pdx, Ifrit, LDHan, Lambiam, Stewie814, SilkTork, Kamenlitchev, Magnusc, Odengatan, Rocketman768, Thetrick, WeggeBot, Tdw, RomanXNS, Thijs!bot, Jessemonroy650, Mercury~enwiki, Rees11, AntiVandalBot, Chill doubt, Plantsurfer, PhilKnight, Dentren, Mbc362, Usien6, Agent007bm, Bobby H. Heffley, J.delanoy, Diego, Thomas.W, Dogsgomoo, SueHay, Chrisleonard, Brian Huffman, Corner-corner, Kyral, ing4Taste, Lucasbfrbot, SimonTrew, Wahrmund, Soporaeternus, TinyMark, DanielDeibler, Escoutaire, X nishi, Worth my salt, Carsrac, 7&6=thirteen, Sauredie, Toounstable, BGangsta416, Yobot, Caspar21, AnomieBOT, Shooter1147, Materialscientist, Quebec99, Random Checkhead, Rhalah, Pinethicket, Cramyourspam, Thrissel, David Hedlund, Spinrad, ‫روخو‬, MagnInd, Masely, DASHBot, Thomasionus, H3llBot, Erianna, ClueBot NG, BarrelProof, Razghandi, Frietjes, Keogruteras, MerlIwBot, Curb Chain, Hz.tiang, Northamerica1000, Wiki13, Kendall-K1, Chrisinvisible, NotWith, Scopecreep, Jade.charles1810, Waynejayes, Lugia2453, Samotny Wędrowiec, Yakupe, Sontinhprgirl, JCMPC, OldForge, KasparBot, Golfpapa33, Linhnguyenmir and Anonymous: 169

9.2

Images

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9.3

Content license

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