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Site Planning
TKW 4127
SITE ANALYSIS
Dian K. Wardhani Departement of Regional and City Planning Brawijaya University Sem I 2008/2009
Site analysis
1. PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK Standar Kebutuhan
Syarat AntarKomponen
Konsep-Konsep Rencana
Hubungan Fungsional Acuan Pengembangan: ƒJenis Kegiatan ƒVisi dan Misi ƒLokasi ƒProgram Tapak
Jaringan Sistem
PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM
Pemilihan Tapak
Penyesuaian Program dan Tapak
Alt. Konsep Rencana Tapak
Kebutuhan Ruang Standar Ruang
ƒDll. Analisis Tapak
Lahan Layak Bangun
Konsep Rencana Terpilih
Rencana Tapak: •Tata Letak •Tata Massa •Prasarana •Lanskap
PEMILIHAN DAN ANALISIS TAPAK
Pematangan Lahan dan Konstruksi KONSTRUKSI
Page 2
Struktur Ruang
Penetapan Komponen
Evaluasi Konsep
PERSIAPAN
PENYUSUNAN KONSEP RENCANA
Site Planning
Penghitungan Biaya Pembangunan PEMBIAYAAN
PENYUSUNAN RENCANA TAPAK
Site analysis
PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK
FAKTA
ANALISIS
PROGRAMMING GAGASAN AWAL PROYEK PENETAPAN Penetapan -Judul Proyek -Maksud -Tujuan Data Proyek -Pemilik -Tanah -Hidrologi -Geologi -Kimatologi -Topografi -Sosial , Budaya dan Ekonomi Pernyataan Masalah -Sosial -Ekonomi -Fisik -Teknis
Page 3
KEBUTUHAN AKTIVITAS FUNGSI Analisis Tapak in-Site -Analisis Tanah -Hidrologi -Klimatologi -Topografi -Lingkungan Analisis Lingkungan Off Site -Aspek Sosial -Aspek Budaya -Aspek Ekonomi -Aspek Lingkungan Tinjauan Master Plan -Kesesuaian thd Pola Perkotaan -Ketersediaan Pelayanan Kota -Fasilitas & Lingk. Sos. Studi Banding
KONSEP
PRA DESAIN
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN
SKEMATIK
DESAIN AWAL
DESAIN AKHIR KEPUTUSAN
SKEMATK PLAN (2 DIMENSI) -Lingkungan -Zoning -Kebutuhan Ruang -Kebutuhan Aktivitas -Spatial (Ruang) -Sirkulasi -Tata Hijau -Pembentukan Muka Tanah SKEMATIK DESAIN (3 DIMENSI) KONSEP PEMBIAYAAN
APLIKASI DARI KONSEP MENJADI OLAHAN DESAIN
GAMBAR PERENCANAAN -Lay Out Plan -Landscape Plan -Elevation Plan -Planting Plan -Drainage Plan -Utility Plan -Perspektif Plan GAMBAR PERANCANGAN DOKUMEN/LAPORAN RANCANGAN -Dokumen Rencana Kerja dan Syarat -Dokumen Pembiayaan -Dokumen Pelelangan -Dokumen Kontrak
Site Planning
Site analysis
2. ANALISIS TAPAK (SITE ANALYSIS) Proses pemahaman kualitas tapak dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi karakter tapak, dengan memadukan program kebutuhan. Fungsi/tujuan: •Menyesuaikan tapak dengan program •Memelihara lingkungan alami
Orientasi:
• Terhadap tujuan • Terhadap tapak Page 4
Pandangan: • Ahli teknik • Petani/ahli pertanian • Pengembang/kontraktor Site Planning
Site analysis
PROSES ANALISA TAPAK
Page 5
Site Planning
Site analysis
MAKSUD
KATEGORI
Melayani keperluan fungsional manusia 2. Melayani keperluan rekreatif 3. Menjaga proses alam (lingkungan fisik/biologis) 1.
Page 6
1. 2.
Potensi tapak: dapat
digunakan sebaik mungkin (sumber-sumber, view, dll
Persoalan tapak: yang
diperhatikan, vulnerable, perlu upgrading/ improvement
3.
Fitur tapak:
4.
Tanda bahaya: harus
Site Planning
keistimewaan yang khas, menyenangkan, harus dilindungi dihindari pematangan mahal
Site analysis
LINGKUP Garis besar analisis: • • • •
Lokasi (eksternal) Atas permukaan tanah Permukaan tanah Bawah permukaan
Page 7
Unsur analisis: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Site Planning
Lokasi Lingkungan Ukuran dan peruntukan Status lahan dan peraturan Fisik dasar Fisik binaan Sirkulasi Prasarana Indra (sensory) Penduduk dan budaya Iklim Dsb..
Site analysis
FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK ALAM • • • • • • •
Air Topografi Orientasi Vegetasi View Drainase dsb
Page 8
BUATAN Lokasi Peraturan/ kebijakan Prasarana Fasilitas Bangunan Jalan/ sirkulasi • dsb • • • • • • •
Site Planning
PENGGUNA • Karakteristik
pemakai • Kebutuhan ruang • Program kegiatan • dsb
Site analysis
FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK 1. Analisis terhadap
Pemakai Karakteristik pemakai dianalisis digunakan u. menentukan kebutuhan dan aktivitas ruang. 2. Analisis thd lingk. Alamiah Elemen2 alami dan keadaan tempat sekitar tapak (iklim, air, tanah, topografi, vegetasi, dan kehidupan makluk lainnya)
Page 9
3. Analisis Lingk. Binaan
semua data dr elemen buatan manusia dlm tapak, mis; bangunan, drainase, dll. u/ mengetahui, memahami & mengenal konsepsi ruang, sirkulasi ,dll. 4. Analisis thd. Sosial, Budaya dan Lingk. Sekitar dijadikan pertimba-ngan dlm menentukan zoning dan aktivitas kegiatan yg dirancang. Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • LOCATION. May
incude state map and city map showing location of site in relation to city as a whole. • NEIGBORHOOD. Presents the immediate surroundings of the site perhaps three to four blocks beyond the site boundary.
Page 10
• SITE AND ZONING.
Document all dimensional aspect of the site including boundaries, location and dimension of easements and present zoning classification with all its dimensional implications (set back, height restrictions, parking formulas, allowed uses, etc)
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION May incude state map and city map showing location of site in relation to city as a wholetre Page 11
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION
Page 12
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION DIAGRAM
Page 13
Site Planning
Site analysis
NEIGBORHOOD Presents the immediate surroundings of the site perhaps three to four blocks beyond the site boundary.
Page 14
Site Planning
Site analysis
NEIGBORHOOD
Page 15
Site Planning
Site analysis
SITE AND ZONING
Page 16
Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • LEGAL.
• NATURAL FEATURES.
this category the legal description of the property, convenants and restrictions, present ownerships, present government jurisdiction (city or cunty) and any feature project (such as the fact that the site is in future city urban renewal)
Page 17
contours, drainage patters, soil type and bearing capacity, trees, rocks, ridges, peaks, valleys, pools and ponds. • MAN-MADE FEATRUTES. Buidings, walls, drives, curb cuts, hidrant, power poles, paving pattern
Site Planning
Site analysis
NATURAL FEATURES The majority of information in this category requires direct observation of the site and recording the data over a topographic survey showing site contours. Topographic features such as high point, ridges, valleys, sloped and flat area. Drainage pattern also involve direct observation.
Page 18
Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • CIRCULATION,
present all vehicular & pedestrian movement patters on and around the site. Data includes duration and peak loads for surroundings vehicular traffic and pedestrian movement, bus stops, site access adges, traffic generators, etc. Page 19
CLIMATE • Temperature variation over the months of the year • Humidity • Rainfall • Prevailing wind directions for the months of the year including velocity.
Site Planning
Site analysis
CIRCULATION Present all vehicular & pedestrian movement patters on and around the site. Data includes duration and peak loads for surroundings vehicular traffic and pedestrian movement, bus stops, site access edges, traffic generators, etc.
Page 20
Site Planning
Site analysis TAUTAN LINGKUNGAN
Page 21
Site Planning
Site analysis UKURAN & WILAYAH
Page 22
Site Planning
Site analysis KEISTIMEWAAN ALAMI & BUATAN
Page 23
Site Planning
Site analysis SIRKULASI
Page 24
Site Planning
Site analysis PANCAINDERA
Page 25
Site Planning
Site analysis PANCAINDERA MANUSIA & BUDAYA UTILITAS
Page 26
Site Planning
Site analysis IKLIM
Page 27
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 28
SUPERIMPOSE
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 29
SUPERIMPOSE
Site Planning
Site analysis
DENAH KONSEP
Page 30
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN
Site Planning
Site analysis
Source: Wang 2001
Retail Center Page 31
Site Planning
Site analysis
Resort (Sasaki Assoc.)
Source: Wang 2001 Page 32
Site Planning
Site analysis
Peter Creek: Alternative One
Peter Creek: Final Plan Source: Grindoz, Ray. et.al 2003
Page 33
Site Planning
Site analysis
References: • • • •
•
Lynch, Kevin; Gary Hack (1984). Site Planning. Cambridge: The MIT Press Reid, Grant W. (2001). Grafik Lansekap. Trans. P.H. Adjie. Jakarta: Erlangga Wang, Thomas C. (2001). Gambar Denah dan Potongan. Trans. N.T. Harwadi. Jakarta: Erlangga Hakim, Rustam (2000). Penyajian dan Tahapan Perancangan Arsitektur Lansekap. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Trisakti. Cet. Ke-2. White, Edward T. (1985) Analisis Tapak: Pembuatan Diagram Informasi bagi Perancangan Arsitektur.
Page 34
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 35
Site Planning
TKW 4127
SITE ANALYSIS
Dian K. Wardhani Departement of Regional and City Planning Brawijaya University Sem I 2008/2009
Site analysis
1. PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK Standar Kebutuhan
Syarat AntarKomponen
Konsep-Konsep Rencana
Hubungan Fungsional Acuan Pengembangan: ƒJenis Kegiatan ƒVisi dan Misi ƒLokasi ƒProgram Tapak
Jaringan Sistem
PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM
Pemilihan Tapak
Penyesuaian Program dan Tapak
Alt. Konsep Rencana Tapak
Kebutuhan Ruang Standar Ruang
ƒDll. Analisis Tapak
Lahan Layak Bangun
Konsep Rencana Terpilih
Rencana Tapak: •Tata Letak •Tata Massa •Prasarana •Lanskap
PEMILIHAN DAN ANALISIS TAPAK
Pematangan Lahan dan Konstruksi KONSTRUKSI
Page 2
Struktur Ruang
Penetapan Komponen
Evaluasi Konsep
PERSIAPAN
PENYUSUNAN KONSEP RENCANA
Site Planning
Penghitungan Biaya Pembangunan PEMBIAYAAN
PENYUSUNAN RENCANA TAPAK
Site analysis
PROSES PERENCANAAN TAPAK
FAKTA
ANALISIS
PROGRAMMING GAGASAN AWAL PROYEK PENETAPAN Penetapan -Judul Proyek -Maksud -Tujuan Data Proyek -Pemilik -Tanah -Hidrologi -Geologi -Kimatologi -Topografi -Sosial , Budaya dan Ekonomi Pernyataan Masalah -Sosial -Ekonomi -Fisik -Teknis
Page 3
KEBUTUHAN AKTIVITAS FUNGSI Analisis Tapak in-Site -Analisis Tanah -Hidrologi -Klimatologi -Topografi -Lingkungan Analisis Lingkungan Off Site -Aspek Sosial -Aspek Budaya -Aspek Ekonomi -Aspek Lingkungan Tinjauan Master Plan -Kesesuaian thd Pola Perkotaan -Ketersediaan Pelayanan Kota -Fasilitas & Lingk. Sos. Studi Banding
KONSEP
PRA DESAIN
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN
SKEMATIK
DESAIN AWAL
DESAIN AKHIR KEPUTUSAN
SKEMATK PLAN (2 DIMENSI) -Lingkungan -Zoning -Kebutuhan Ruang -Kebutuhan Aktivitas -Spatial (Ruang) -Sirkulasi -Tata Hijau -Pembentukan Muka Tanah SKEMATIK DESAIN (3 DIMENSI) KONSEP PEMBIAYAAN
APLIKASI DARI KONSEP MENJADI OLAHAN DESAIN
GAMBAR PERENCANAAN -Lay Out Plan -Landscape Plan -Elevation Plan -Planting Plan -Drainage Plan -Utility Plan -Perspektif Plan GAMBAR PERANCANGAN DOKUMEN/LAPORAN RANCANGAN -Dokumen Rencana Kerja dan Syarat -Dokumen Pembiayaan -Dokumen Pelelangan -Dokumen Kontrak
Site Planning
Site analysis
2. ANALISIS TAPAK (SITE ANALYSIS) Proses pemahaman kualitas tapak dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi karakter tapak, dengan memadukan program kebutuhan. Fungsi/tujuan: •Menyesuaikan tapak dengan program •Memelihara lingkungan alami
Orientasi:
• Terhadap tujuan • Terhadap tapak Page 4
Pandangan: • Ahli teknik • Petani/ahli pertanian • Pengembang/kontraktor Site Planning
Site analysis
PROSES ANALISA TAPAK
Page 5
Site Planning
Site analysis
MAKSUD
KATEGORI
Melayani keperluan fungsional manusia 2. Melayani keperluan rekreatif 3. Menjaga proses alam (lingkungan fisik/biologis) 1.
Page 6
1. 2.
Potensi tapak: dapat
digunakan sebaik mungkin (sumber-sumber, view, dll
Persoalan tapak: yang
diperhatikan, vulnerable, perlu upgrading/ improvement
3.
Fitur tapak:
4.
Tanda bahaya: harus
Site Planning
keistimewaan yang khas, menyenangkan, harus dilindungi dihindari pematangan mahal
Site analysis
LINGKUP Garis besar analisis: • • • •
Lokasi (eksternal) Atas permukaan tanah Permukaan tanah Bawah permukaan
Page 7
Unsur analisis: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Site Planning
Lokasi Lingkungan Ukuran dan peruntukan Status lahan dan peraturan Fisik dasar Fisik binaan Sirkulasi Prasarana Indra (sensory) Penduduk dan budaya Iklim Dsb..
Site analysis
FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK ALAM • • • • • • •
Air Topografi Orientasi Vegetasi View Drainase dsb
Page 8
BUATAN Lokasi Peraturan/ kebijakan Prasarana Fasilitas Bangunan Jalan/ sirkulasi • dsb • • • • • • •
Site Planning
PENGGUNA • Karakteristik
pemakai • Kebutuhan ruang • Program kegiatan • dsb
Site analysis
FAKTOR-FAKTOR ANALISIS TAPAK 1. Analisis terhadap
Pemakai Karakteristik pemakai dianalisis digunakan u. menentukan kebutuhan dan aktivitas ruang. 2. Analisis thd lingk. Alamiah Elemen2 alami dan keadaan tempat sekitar tapak (iklim, air, tanah, topografi, vegetasi, dan kehidupan makluk lainnya)
Page 9
3. Analisis Lingk. Binaan
semua data dr elemen buatan manusia dlm tapak, mis; bangunan, drainase, dll. u/ mengetahui, memahami & mengenal konsepsi ruang, sirkulasi ,dll. 4. Analisis thd. Sosial, Budaya dan Lingk. Sekitar dijadikan pertimba-ngan dlm menentukan zoning dan aktivitas kegiatan yg dirancang. Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • LOCATION. May
incude state map and city map showing location of site in relation to city as a whole. • NEIGBORHOOD. Presents the immediate surroundings of the site perhaps three to four blocks beyond the site boundary.
Page 10
• SITE AND ZONING.
Document all dimensional aspect of the site including boundaries, location and dimension of easements and present zoning classification with all its dimensional implications (set back, height restrictions, parking formulas, allowed uses, etc)
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION May incude state map and city map showing location of site in relation to city as a wholetre Page 11
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION
Page 12
Site Planning
Site analysis
LOCATION DIAGRAM
Page 13
Site Planning
Site analysis
NEIGBORHOOD Presents the immediate surroundings of the site perhaps three to four blocks beyond the site boundary.
Page 14
Site Planning
Site analysis
NEIGBORHOOD
Page 15
Site Planning
Site analysis
SITE AND ZONING
Page 16
Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • LEGAL.
• NATURAL FEATURES.
this category the legal description of the property, convenants and restrictions, present ownerships, present government jurisdiction (city or cunty) and any feature project (such as the fact that the site is in future city urban renewal)
Page 17
contours, drainage patters, soil type and bearing capacity, trees, rocks, ridges, peaks, valleys, pools and ponds. • MAN-MADE FEATRUTES. Buidings, walls, drives, curb cuts, hidrant, power poles, paving pattern
Site Planning
Site analysis
NATURAL FEATURES The majority of information in this category requires direct observation of the site and recording the data over a topographic survey showing site contours. Topographic features such as high point, ridges, valleys, sloped and flat area. Drainage pattern also involve direct observation.
Page 18
Site Planning
Site analysis
KIND OF INFORMATION • CIRCULATION,
present all vehicular & pedestrian movement patters on and around the site. Data includes duration and peak loads for surroundings vehicular traffic and pedestrian movement, bus stops, site access adges, traffic generators, etc. Page 19
CLIMATE • Temperature variation over the months of the year • Humidity • Rainfall • Prevailing wind directions for the months of the year including velocity.
Site Planning
Site analysis
CIRCULATION Present all vehicular & pedestrian movement patters on and around the site. Data includes duration and peak loads for surroundings vehicular traffic and pedestrian movement, bus stops, site access edges, traffic generators, etc.
Page 20
Site Planning
Site analysis TAUTAN LINGKUNGAN
Page 21
Site Planning
Site analysis UKURAN & WILAYAH
Page 22
Site Planning
Site analysis KEISTIMEWAAN ALAMI & BUATAN
Page 23
Site Planning
Site analysis SIRKULASI
Page 24
Site Planning
Site analysis PANCAINDERA
Page 25
Site Planning
Site analysis PANCAINDERA MANUSIA & BUDAYA UTILITAS
Page 26
Site Planning
Site analysis IKLIM
Page 27
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 28
SUPERIMPOSE
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 29
SUPERIMPOSE
Site Planning
Site analysis
DENAH KONSEP
Page 30
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN
Site Planning
Site analysis
Source: Wang 2001
Retail Center Page 31
Site Planning
Site analysis
Resort (Sasaki Assoc.)
Source: Wang 2001 Page 32
Site Planning
Site analysis
Peter Creek: Alternative One
Peter Creek: Final Plan Source: Grindoz, Ray. et.al 2003
Page 33
Site Planning
Site analysis
References: • • • •
•
Lynch, Kevin; Gary Hack (1984). Site Planning. Cambridge: The MIT Press Reid, Grant W. (2001). Grafik Lansekap. Trans. P.H. Adjie. Jakarta: Erlangga Wang, Thomas C. (2001). Gambar Denah dan Potongan. Trans. N.T. Harwadi. Jakarta: Erlangga Hakim, Rustam (2000). Penyajian dan Tahapan Perancangan Arsitektur Lansekap. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Trisakti. Cet. Ke-2. White, Edward T. (1985) Analisis Tapak: Pembuatan Diagram Informasi bagi Perancangan Arsitektur.
Page 34
Site Planning
Site analysis
Page 35
Site Planning
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