Applied Grammar And Usage 515q1k

Applied Grammar and Usage

Subject – Verb Concord • Plurals such as jeans, pants, scissors, tros, belongings, outskirts, goods, clothes take plural verbs. Incorrect Usage Where is my reading glass? Where is my shorts? Any interesting newses?

Correct Usage Where are my reading glasses? Where are my shorts? Is there any interesting news?

Subject – Verb Concord Choices Diabetes is/are a silent killer. The jury gave its/their verdict in an unbiased manner. The information/informatio ns sent by you is/are NOTE: Diseases named not really sufficient.

Correct Usage Diabetes is a silent killer. The jury gave its verdict in an unbiased manner. The information sent by you is not really sufficient.

after the medical scientists who discovered them follow the structure: Name + apostrophe s Example: Parkinson’s , Alzheimer’s

Subject – Verb Concord Names of subjects such as electronics, physics, statistics, mathematics, economics are treated as singular nouns and take singular verbs. Incorrect Usage Statistics are a very scoring subject. Politics are a dirty game.

Correct Usage Statistics is a very scoring subject. Politics is a dirty game.

NOTE: Statistics and Economics take a plural verb when they mean data and economic policies. Example: 1. Statistics reveal that more and more people are moving to cities from villages in India. 2. The Economics of the third world countries have always baffled most economies.

Subject – Verb Concord Collective nouns such as committee, team, fleet, jury etc. take singular verbs. Example: 1. Our team has won the first prize. 2. A committee is constituted to look into the problem .

Subject – Verb Concord Expressions such as a majority of/ majority of/ the majority of/ a number of/ a lot of/ plenty of/ all of etc. are followed by plural nouns and take plural verbs. Example: 1. A lot of people have decided to abstain from casting their votes. 2. Plenty of steps are required to be taken before we can be sure of our security system.

Subject – Verb Concord Expressions such as everybody, everyone, everything, each and every etc. are followed by singular verbs. Example: 1. Everything was destroyed in the attack. 2. Everyone was listening to the speaker with Avid interest.

Subject – Verb Concord When two separate singular nouns are denoted through coordinating conjunctions such as either ….. or and neither …. nor, the verb chosen is singular. Example: 1. Either Geeta or her sister has done this. 2. Either Geeta or her sisters have done this.

Subject – Verb Concord Rules to :

Singular Noun + along with + Singular / Plural Noun takes Singular Verb Plural Noun + along with + Singular / Plural Noun takes Plural Verb Example: 1. The minister along with the bodyguards was killed. 2. The ministers along with the bodyguards were killed.

PRACTICE TEST 3.1

Tenses Present Indefinite Present Tense:

Tense

or

Simple

Subject + Base Form of Verb +s / es + Object The above structure is used to express the following: 1. The actions that are done as habits in everyday life. 2. General facts. 3. Universal truths or facts.

PRACTICE TEST 3.4

Tenses Present Continuous Progressive Tense:

or

Present

Subject + is / are / am + (Base Form of Verb + ing) + Object

PRACTICE TEST 3.5 & 3.6

Tenses Present Continuous Progressive Tense:

or

Present

Subject + is / are / am + (Base Form of Verb + ing) + Object

Tenses Present Prefect or Simple Past Tense: Subject + past form of verb + Object

Tenses Simple past or Past Perfect Tense: Actions happen in the past time but one action takes place earlier than the other. Subject + had + Past Participle of Verb + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Simple Future or Future Progressive Tense: Action or a situation that will occur in the future. Subject + will/shall + Base form of Verb + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Simple Future or Future Progressive Tense: Action or a situation that will occur in the Subject + will/shall + Base form of Verb future. + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Past continuous or Past Progressive Tense: To represent a progressive action in the past. Subject + was/were + Base form of Verb + Ing + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Future Progressive Tense: To express actions that will take place in future. Subject +will be/shall be + Base form of Verb + Ing + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Future Perfect Tense: To express actions that will occur in future before some other action. Subject +will have/shall have + Past Participle of Verb + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Present Perfect Continuous Tense: Actions start sometime in the past and they continue in the present. Subject + has been/have been + Base form of Verb + Ing + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Past Perfect Continuous Tense: To express actions that started and continued over a period of time the past with some sort of action having been completed. Subject + had been + Base form of Verb + Ing + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Tenses Future Perfect Continuous Tense: To emphasize on an action that will continue to happen up to a certain time in future. Subject + will/shall + have been + Base form of Verb + Ing + Object/Complement/Adjunct

Moods of Verbs Indicative Mood: The verb chooses to be in this mood to make a statement of facts, ask a question, or express a supposition which is taken for granted. Example: 1. The movie was quite impressive. (Statement) 2. Am I audible? (Question) 3. If it rains, I shall stay back. ( Supposition taken for granted)

Moods of Verbs Imperative Mood: The verb chooses to be in this mood to express a command, request, order, caution, prayer, etc. Whenever the verb acquires this mood, the subject of verb (you) is omitted. Example: 1. Please listen to me. 2. Avoid chewing tobacco. 3. Don’t park your vehicle here. 4. Come here.

Moods of Verbs Subjunctive Mood: The verb chooses to be in this mood to express itself in a peculiar grammatical structures.. Example: 1. We recommend that the director be removed. 2. I wish I knew her name. 3. It is high time we did something about corruption.