Calcium Hydroxide In Dentistry 582w4v

Introduction

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -properties -Its uses

 Calcium hydroxide was originally introduced to the

field of endodontics in 1920 as a pulp-capping agent, but its uses today are widespread in endodontic therapy.

Forms

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -properties -Its uses

 1st form: liquid + suspended in a solvent.  2nd form: paste + suspended in methylcellulose.

In these first two forms material are used like a varnish.

Forms

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -properties -Its uses

 3rd form: 2-paste system (catalyst and base) +

ingredients such as zinc oxide and calcium phosphate. A catalyst is present to cause calcium hydroxide to react and form a hard, amorphous compound within matter of min under oral condition.  4th form: contains a polymer resin that can be hardened by illumination.

Advantages  Initially bactericidal then bacteriostatic.  Promotes healing and repair.  High pH ( pH= 11 ) stimulates fibroblasts.  Neutralizes low pH of acids.  Stops internal resorption.  Inexpensive and easy to use.

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

Disadvantages

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

 does not exclusively stimulate dentinogenesis  does exclusively stimulate reparative dentin.  Associated with primary tooth resorption.  May dissolve after one year with cavosurface

dissolution.  Does not adhere to dentin or resin restoration.

Properties

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

COMPONENTS:  Compound 1 and 2= paste with calcium hydroxide ,lc resin and polyphenolics.  p/l or p/p ratio= 1 compound.  setting reaction= acid base reaction.

Properties

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

STRUCTURE:  arrangement= amorphous matrix, crystalline fillers.  Bonding= covalent; ionic  Composition= multiphase  Defects=pores, cracks

Properties PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:  LCTE= low  Thermal conductivity= insulator  Electrical conductivity= insulator

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

Properties CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  Solubility- 0.3-0.5 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:  Elastic mod=588  Compressive strength >24 hr=138 BIOLOGIC PROPERTIES  Biocompatible

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

Uses:

-Introduction -Forms -Advantages -Disadvantages -Properties -Its uses

1) Calcium hydroxide- as intracanal medicament  Most commonly used. It also plays a major role as an intervisit dressing in the disinfection of the root canal system.  Saturated Calcium hydroxide solution mixed with a

detergent is an effective antimicrobial agent suitable for irrigation.

Uses: 2) Calcium hydroxide- as endodontic sealer: * One major concern is that the calcium hydroxide content dissolve, leaving obturation voids.

Uses: 3) Calcium hydroxide as pulp capping agent

Calcium hydroxide Necrotic tissue Vital Inflamed tissue

Uses: 4) Calcium hydroxide in apexification there is also deposition of calcified tissue adjacent to the filling material. the calcified material is continuous with lateral root surfaces. The closure of apex may be partial or complete but consistently has minute communications with the periapical tissue.

Uses: 5) Calcium hydroxide in pulpotomy It is the most recommended pulpotomy medicament for pulpally involved vital young permanent tooth with incomplete apices.

Uses:  Internal resorption may result from :

- overstimulation of the primary pulp by the highly alkaline calcium hydroxide metaplasia within the pulp tissue formation of odontoclasts. - Also undetected microleakage could allow large numbers of bacteria to overwhelm the pulp and nullify the beneficial effects of calcium hydroxide.

Uses: 6) Calcium hydroxide in weeping canals  “weeping canal” ???  It happens because pH of periapical tissues is acidic in weeping stage which gets converted into basic pH by calcium hydroxide.  In these cases tooth with exudates is not ready for filling. For such teeth dry the canals with sterile absorbant paper points and place calcium hydroxide in canal.

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