Chemistry Practicals Salt Analysis 544ad

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

CRYSTALLINE : Sulphate / Nitrate / Chloride POWDERY: Carbonate / Sulphide SULPHATE: BARIUM CHLORIDE TEST: Salt+ dil.HCl + Barium Chloride ~White precipitate NITRATE: COPPER TURNING TEST: Salt + Copper turnings + conc.H2SO4(Heat)~Reddish brown gas

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

BROWN RING TEST: Salt+dil.HCl + fresh FeSO4+con.H2SO4 along sides of tube-brown ring (Fresh FeSO4-FeSO4+Distilled water) CHLORIDE: SILVER NITRATE TEST: Salt + dil.HNO3 + AgNO3~Curdy white precipitate CHROMYL CHLORIDE TEST: Salt+ Potassium dichromate + conc.H2SO4(Heat) in H2O~Yellow solution+ lead acetate ~yellow precipitate CARBONATE:

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

ACTION OF Dil.HCl: Salt + dil. HCl ~ Brisk effervescence SULPHIDE: ACTION OF Dil.HCl: Salt + dil.HCl ~ Rotten egg smell ************************************** ******************************* PREPARATION SOLUTION: : water(general)

OF Salt

ORIGINAL +

distilled

: Salt + distilled water + dil.HCl(general) :hot.HCl+hot.HNO3

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

:dil.HCl

: GROUP SEPARATION: AMMONIUM: ACTION OF NaOH: Salt + NaOH (rub) ~ Pungent smell ANALYSIS OF AMMONIUM: Original solution + Nesslers reagent + NaOH ~Reddish brown precipitate

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------LEAD: Original solution + dil. HCl ~ White precipitate GOLDEN SPANGLE TEST: Original solution+ potassium iodide~yellow solution –then heatthen cool it in a beaker of water CONFIRMATORY TEST: Original solution + Potassium chromate~ Yellow precipitate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ALUMINIUM:

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

Original solution + NH4Cl + NH4OH~ Gelatinous white precipitate CONFIRMATORY TEST: Original solution + NH4OH + Aluminon reagent~ Bright red lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ZINC: Original solution + NH4Cl + NH4OH + H2S gas~ Dirty white precipitate CONFIRMATORY TEST: Original solution + Potassium ferrocyanide ~White precipitate

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CALCIUM: Original solution + NH4Cl + NH4OH + (NH4)2CO3~White precipitate CONFIRMATORY TEST: Original solution + NH4OH + Ammonium oxalate ~White precipitate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BARIUM: Original solution + NH4Cl + NH4OH + (NH4)2CO3~ White precipitate CONFIRMATORY TEST:

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

Original solution + Potassium chromate~ Yellow precipitate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MAGNESIUM: Original solution +NH4Cl + NH4OH + di-sodium hydrogen phosphate~ White precipitate CONFIRMATORY TEST: Original solution + NH4OH + Magneson reagent~ Blue precipitate ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

Aluminium sulphate(crystal)(colourwhite)(looks like flour but sensationcrystal) Ammonium sulphate (sugar)(pungent smell)

(crystal)

Magnesium sulphate (crystal) (sugar ) Zinc sulphate (crystal)(sugar) : Aluminium nitrate stone)(rock like)

(crystal)

(big

Lead nitrate (crystal) (different size of stone)(rock like) : Ammonium chloride (crystal) (round shape)

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

Barium chloride (crystal) (finely grinded like diamond –sugar) : Ammonium carbonate (powder)(salt) Calcium carbonate (powdery white)(like pond’s powder) Magnesium carbonate (powder)(dirty white) : Zinc sulphide (powder)(white)(rotten egg smell) ************************************** ************************

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF GIVEN SIMPLE SALT

*In aluminium salt it is better to use NaOH. *Use little salt for : 1)Brown Ring Test 2)Magnesium salt 3)Ammonium salt ************************************** ************************************** *********