Chess-evolution-1-excerpt.pdf hj

Chess Evolution 1 The Fundamentals By

Artur Yusupov

Quality Chess www.qualitychess.co.uk

First English edition 2011 by Quality Chess UK Ltd Translated from the German edition Tigersprung auf DWZ 1500 III Copyright © 2011 Artur Yusupov All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. Paperback ISBN 978-1-906552-45-9 Hardcover ISBN 978-1-906552-64-0 All sales or enquiries should be directed to Quality Chess UK Ltd, 20 Balvie Road, Milngavie, Glasgow G62 7TA, United Kingdom Phone: +44 141 333 9588 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.qualitychess.co.uk Distributed in US and Canada by SCB Distributors, Gardena, California www.scbdistributors.com Distributed in Rest of the World by Quality Chess UK Ltd through Sunrise Handicrafts, Smyczkowa 4/98, 20-844 Lublin, Poland www.crafts.pl Cover Photo by Nadja Jussupow Photos by Harald Fietz on pages 5, 45, 95, 147, 157, 205, and 210 Translated by Ian Adams Edited and typeset by Colin McNab Proofreading by Jacob Aagaard Cover design and generic typeset: Augusto Caruso of Caissa Italia Elaborated by Adamson Design Printed in Estonia by Tallinna Raamatutrükikoja LLC

CONTENTS

Key to symbols used Preface Introduction

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Combinations involving bishops Diagonals Queen sacrifices Realizing a material advantage in a pawn ending Realizing a material advantage Attacking with queen and knight The open games Attacking with queen and rook Forced Variations Attacking with queen and bishop Positional advantages Bishop against pawns Attacking with queen and pawn Attacking Attacking with rook and bishop Knight against pawn Attacking with rook and knight Semi-open games Combinations involving promotion Mate in three moves Mating nets in the endgame The ed pawn Combinations involving files Queen against rook Final test Index of composers Index of games

4 5 6 8 18 28 36 46 56 66 76 86 96 106 118 126 134 146 158 168 176 188 198 206 216 226 236 245 255 256

chapter Contents ü Forcing the play after a queen sacrifice ü Material compensation ü Attacking the opposing queen



Diagram 3-1 q  Ç   Æ  Å   Ä    Ã   Â     Á   À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

28

3 Queen sacrifices In this chapter we shall study combinations in which the strongest piece is sacrificed. Such queen sacrifices are relatively rare, because it takes extremely wellcoordinated pieces to be able to mount a mating attack without the queen. If we are contemplating a queen sacrifice, we have to check the variations very carefully. We must try to make the play as forcing as possible, in order to prevent the opposing queen from successfully leading a counter-attack. We should be aware that although the queen is very strong, it does not show itself at its best in defence; to a certain extent this is because it is so valuable. Diagram 3-1

G.Rotlewi – A.Rubinstein Lodz 1907

1...£h4! Black brings his queen into the attack. 1...¤xh2! is also very strong. If 2.£h5 then simply 2...¥xe4–+ kills all hope. 2.g3 2.h3 is met by 2...¦xc3! and now: a) 3.¥xb7 ¦xh3† 4.gxh3 £xh3† 5.£h2 £xh2# b) 3.£xg4 ¦xh3† 4.£xh3 £xh3† 5.gxh3 ¥xe4† 6.¢h2 ¦d2† 7.¢g3 ¦g2† 8.¢h4 ¥d8† 9.¢h5 ¥g6# c)  3.¥xc3 ¥xe4 4.£xg4 (or 4.£xe4 £g3!–+) 4...£xg4 5.hxg4 ¦d3! The threat of mate on h3 nets Black a material advantage. 6.¢h2 ¦xc3–+ 2...¦xc3! All of Black’s pieces are attacking. To speed up his attack along the long diagonal, Black sacrifices his queen. 3.gxh4 White cannot really decline the sacrifice: a) 3.¥xc3 ¥xe4† 4.£xe4 £xh2# b) 3.¥xb7 ¦xg3 4.¦f3 (4.¥f3 ¤xh2–+) 4...¦xf3 5.¥xf3 ¤f2† 6.¢g1 (nor is 6.¢g2 any better, in view of 6...£h3† 7.¢g1 ¤e4† 8.¢h1 ¤g3#) 6...¤e4† 7.¢f1 ¤d2† 8.¢g2 ¤xf3 9.£xf3 (9.¢xf3 £h5†–+) 9...¦d2† White’s situation is hopeless. 28

…

3

3...¦d2! With this new sacrifice, the white queen is deflected from the defence of the e4-bishop. 4.£xd2 White loses in all variations: a) 4.£xg4 ¥xe4† 5.¦f3 ¦xf3–+ b) 4.¥xc3 ¦xe2 5.¦f2 ¥xe4† 6.¢g1 ¥xf2† 7.¢f1 ¥f3 8.¦d1 ¤xh2# c) 4.¥xb7 ¦xe2 5.¥g2 ¦h3–+ d) 4.¦ae1 ¥xe4† 5.£xe4 ¦xh2# 4...¥xe4† 5.£g2 ¦h3!!–+ Diagram 3-2 0–1 Rubinstein’s Immortal Game! White resigned be­ cause of mate in three: 6.¦f3 (or 6.¦f2 ¥xf2 7.£xe4 ¦xh2#) 6...¥xf3 7.¥d4 ¥xd4 8.£xf3 ¦xh2#



Diagram 3-2 r  Ç    Æ   Å   Ä    Ã   Â    Á    À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9



Diagram 3-3 q  Ç    Æ   Å   Ä   Ã   Â   Á    À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

Very interesting situations can arise when in return for the sacrificed queen a player obtains some material compensation (often a rook plus a minor piece), along with an attack on the opposing king. This attack can sometimes be combined with threats against the opposing queen. Diagram 3-3

E.Geller – B.Sky Moscow 1964

1...¥g5! This move prepares a queen sacrifice. Sky has accurately calculated the required variations and correctly evaluated the position. 2.¦c7 2.¦xf8† ¦xf8 3.¦c7 is even worse for White: 3...¥e3† 4.¢h2 ¦f2† 5.¢h1 ¤xd2 6.¦xd7 ¥e4† 7.¢g1 ¦e2# 2...£xc7!! 3.¥xc7 ¥e3† 4.¢g2 The other king move is no better: 4.¢h2 ¤xd2 5.¦xf8† ¦xf8 6.¥xd5 ¦f2† 7.¥g2 (7.¢g3 transposes to the game) 7...¥e4–+ 4...¤xd2 5.¦xf8† ¦xf8 Sky has only got a rook and knight for the queen. However, his forces are very well coordinated and are attacking the white king, which has been stripped of defenders. 29

chapter

Queen sacrifices

3 chapter



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Diagram 3-4 q  Ç   Æ  Å   Ä     Ã   Â   Á  À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

Diagram 3-5 q  Ç   Æ    Å    Ä    Ã    Â  Á   À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9 Diagram 3-6 (analysis) q  Ç    Æ    Å    Ä   Ã    Â   Á    À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

Tactics 2

6.¥xd5 ¦f2† 7.¢g3 ¤f1† 8.¢h4 h6 9.¥d8 ¦f8 0–1 White has no sensible way to defend against the threat of ...¥f2#. Diagram 3-4

V.Smyslov – M.Tal Moscow 1964

1...f5! Black opens up the game and prepares a combination. 2.exf5 ¤e5! 3.f4 After 3.¥xb7? £xb7, the threat of ...¤f3† gives Black the advantage. 3...¤f3† 4.¥xf3 ¥xf3 5.¦e1 Diagram 3-5 5...£e2!! A positional queen sacrifice! Tal only gets a rook for the queen, but he has faith in the strength of his active pieces. 6.¦xe2 ¦xe2 7.£xe2 Hoping to survive in a worse endgame. If Smyslov had dared to hang on to the queen with 7.£c1, then Tal intended to play 7...¦g2† 8.¢f1 ¦xh2. Black has a very dangerous initiative, and will have at least a perpetual check with ...¦h1-h2† in reserve. A possible continuation is: 9.¤e1 ¥d5 10.¦b2 ¦h1† 11.¢f2 Diagram 3-6 11...¤xf5!? 12.g4 ¤e3 13.¢g3 h5 14.gxh5 gxh5 Black’s threats to the white king (such as ...h4† followed by ...¦f8) are overwhelming. 8...¥xe2 9.¤b2 gxf5! Black is better (see Boost Your Chess 2, Ex. 17-5).

30

…

r †Ex. 3-4… ««  Ç    Æ  Å    Ä     Ã   Â  Á   À     7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

r †Ex. 3-2… «  Ç    Æ    Å   Ä   Ã    Â    Á    À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

q †Ex. 3-5… «  Ç    Æ   Å     Ä   Ã    Â    Á     À     7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

r †Ex. 3-3… ««  Ç    Æ  Å   Ä   Ã    Â    Á   À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

r †Ex. 3-6… ««««  Ç    Æ   Å    Ä   Ã     Â     Á À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9 31

3

r †Ex. 3-1… «  Ç   Æ  Å  Ä     Ã   Â     Á    À     7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

chapter

Exercises

3 chapter

†

Exercises r †Ex. 3-7… «  Ç  Æ   Å     Ä   Ã    Â   Á    À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

q †Ex. 3-10… «««  Ç   Æ   Å    Ä     Ã    Â   Á   À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

q †Ex. 3-8… «  Ç   Æ     Å    Ä    Ã    Â   Á    À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

r †Ex. 3-11… ««  Ç   Æ  Å    Ä    Ã     Â     Á   À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

r †Ex. 3-9… ««  Ç    Æ   Å   Ä     Ã    Â     Á  À    7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9

q †Ex. 3-12… ««  Ç    Æ   Å     Ä    Ã   Â    Á     À   7ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ9 32

(another 1 point) 4.¦xf8 is just as good: 4...¦xf8 5.¥xd7† ¢xd7 6.¤e5†+– 4...£b5 4...£c7 5.¥xd7† ¢b8 6.¦xd8† £xd8 7.¤c6† ¢a8 8.¤xd8+– 5.¦c1† ¥c5 6.¤xd7+– ¦xe8 7.¤b6#

J.Bolbochan – L.Pachman Moscow Olympiad 1956

1.£xf7†! ¢xf7 2.¥xe6#

(1 point)

Ex. 3-2

S.Urusov – Kalinovsky

Ex. 3-5

St Petersburg 1880

1.£g5†!! fxg5 1...¢f7 2.£g7† ¢e8 3.£e7# 2.¤h6†! ¢h8 3.¥b2† ¦f6 4.¥xf6#

…

K.Emmrich – B.Moritz 1922

In the game, Black went on to lose after missing the forced mate: 1...£xh2†!! 2.¢xh2 ¤g4† 3.¢g1 ¤h3† 4.¢f1 ¤h2# (1 point)

(1 point)

Ex. 3-3

Em.Lasker – W.Steinitz St Petersburg 1895

Ex. 3-6

1.£xf4!! White can play his moves in a different order. You also get 1 point for: 1.¤f6! £e7 2.£xf4 £xf6 3.£h4+– 1...exf4 2.¤f6! (1 point) 2...¤e6 The black queen cannot flee: 2...£b5? 3.¤f7# (another 1 point for this variation) If 2...h6 then 3.¤xd7 hxg5 4.¤f6+–. 3.¤xd7+–

M.Tal – Miller Los Angeles 1988

1.h4!!

(2 points) Of course not 1.£xe5?? ¦f1#. 1...£g3 If 1...£xe2 then 2.¤xc7#. 2.¦d1! (another 1 point) Threatening both ¦xd5 and ¦d3. 2...¦f2 2...c6 is met by 3.¦d3 £b8 4.¦f3!+–. 3.£xf2!! (another 1 point) 3.¤xc7† also wins: 3...£xc7 4.£b5† £c6 5.¦xd5 ¦f6! 6.¥xf6 gxf6 7.£d3 ¤b4 8.¦d8† ¢e7 9.£xh7†!! ¢xd8 10.e7† ¢e8 11.£g7+– 3...¥xf2 3...£xf2 4.¤xc7† ¢f8 5.e7†+– 4.¦xd5+–

Ex. 3-4 Variation from the game

S.Tarrasch – S.Tartakower Berlin 1920

1.£xc4!!

(1 point) 1...£xc4 2.¥f5† ¦d7 2...£e6 is more resilient: 3.¦xe6 fxe6 4.¥xe6† ¦d7 5.¤e5 ¤xe5 6.¥xe5 ¢d8 7.¥xd7 ¢xd7 8.¥xd4+– 33

3

3.¦e8† ¤d8 4.¤e5

Ex. 3-1

chapter

Solutions

3 chapter

Solutions

†

Ex. 3-7

4.£d3 4.¦e1 is followed by: 4...¦xe1† 5.£xe1 ¦f1† 6.£xf1 ¥xf1–+ Effectively Black has an extra pawn in this ending. (another 1 point for this variation) 4...¥f3 5.¦f1 No better is 5.¢f1 ¦xh2 6.£d4 c5 and now: a) 7.£c3 ¥e2† 8.¢g1 (or 8.¢e1 ¦f1† 9.¢d2 ¥xc4† 10.¢e3 ¦e2#) 8...¦ff2–+ b) 7.£xd6 ¥c6† 8.¢e1 ¦e8† 9.¢f1 ¦h1†–+ 5...¦g2† 6.¢h1 ¥c6! 7.¦xf8† ¢xf8 8.£f1† ¦f2† 0–1

A.Tolush – G.Mititelu Warsaw 1961

1.£xf6!! gxf6 2.¤ge4†

(1 point) 2...¢h8 is met by 3.¤xf6, not only threatening mate on g8, but also attacking the queen on d7. 1–0 Ex. 3-8 Based on the game

Syversen – J.Podgorny

Ex. 3-11

Correspondence game 1933

Vogel – Barlov

1...£a5†!! 2.¢xa5 ¦xa2† 3.¢b4 a5# (1 point)

West 1981

1.¥b5!

Ex. 3-9

(1 point) 1.£b5± is less clear. 1.£a4 ¦a8 2.£c6 ¦c8 leads to a repetition of moves. 1...¦xc6 2.dxc6! (another 1 point) 2...¤xe5 2...£c7 is met by: 3.cxd7† ¤xd7 (3...¢d8 4.¤xf7#) 4.¥xd7† ¢d8 5.¥f4 £b6 6.¦d1+– 3.c7†+–

H.Westerinen – G.Sigurjonsson New York 1977

1.£xg7†!! ¢xg7 2.¥d8†!

(1 point) 2...¢h8 2...¢f7 3.¥h5# or 2...¢h6 3.¦h3#. 3.¦g8†! But not 3.¥f6†?? ¦xf6 4.¦g8† ¦xg8–+. 3...¦xg8 4.¥f6† ¦g7 5.¥xg7† ¢g8 6.¥xd4†+– (another 1 point)

Ex. 3-12

G.Salwe – A.Rubinstein Lodz 1907

Ex. 3-10 1...£e1†!!

V.Alatortsev – I.Boleslavsky

(1 point) The less spectacular 1...¥xd5 (1 point) also wins. 2.¦xe1 2.¤f1 ¦h6† 3.¢g1 (3.¦h2 £f2!–+) 3...f2†! 4.¦xf2 ¦h1# 2...f2† 3.£xe4 fxe1£† 4.¢g2 £xd2† (1 point) White will quickly be mated. 0–1

USSR Ch, Moscow 1950

1...¥xf1! 2.fxg5 ¦xe2 3.£c3 ¥g2–+

(1 point)

(another 1 point) The bishop is very well placed on the long diagonal. 3...¥h3 (also 1 point) is not bad either, although White can struggle on with 4.g4µ. 34

3

Scoring Maximum number of points is 22

19 points and above 15 points and above 11 points

Excellent Good mark

If you scored less than 11 points, we recommend that you read the chapter again and repeat the exercises which you got wrong.

35

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