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Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
Online goods and services
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Online shopping You need to be able to describe the advantages and disadvantages of shopping ONLINE rather than on the HIGH STREET.
Advantages and disadvantages of shopping online Far greater choice as you are not limited to one geographical area
You need Internet access and computer skills
You can shop all day, every day
You cannot pay using cash
You can easily find the best price using price comparison websites
You can't see or touch products or try on clothes
You do not have to leave the house
You usually have to pay for delivery
You have the right to return the goods for any reason within 7 days of delivery, unless goods are customised
You need to submit personal information through a website
You can read other s' reviews of a product
There is a risk of not receiving goods or having personal details stolen on fraudulent websites
target
F-E
Gia wants to buy a new pair of shoes. She decides to shop online.
Give two advantages of shopping online for shoes rather than buying from a shop. (2 marks) 1 She can buy them at any time of
day or night. 2 There are more choices of shoes and of price.
Impact on businesses Online businesses can be located anywhere, so don't have to pay expensive high street rental prices. They also often need a smaller staff, which saves money. Because online businesses don't physically display their stock they can usually carry a greater range of products. They can also attract customers from all over the world. Draft - subject to review
2
1. Give two advantages to a retailer of selling online rather than having target a high street shop. (2 marks)
F-E
You need to make sure your answers are relevant to buying shoes. You could not say that it is cheaper or faster to shop online. Sometimes shops are cheaper than buying online, and online goods have to be delivered, which takes time. Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this - be prepared!
Impact on lifestyles Easier access for people with physical disabilities or young children
More choice for people in remote areas
Lifestyles Available any time for people who work unsocial hours
Reduced carbon footprint
2. Catherine has decided to buy a new coat. Give two disadvantages to Catherine of target shopping online for the coat rather than buying it from a shop. (2 marks) www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
E-D
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Connectivity
Communication protocols 1 Protocols are the rules that devices must follow when they are communicating with each other. You need to know about VoIP, POP, IMAP and SMTP.
VoIP • Voice over Internet Protocol is the set of rules for transmitting audio messages over the Internet. The rules enable you to make free voice calls from your computer to your friends’ computers. It is particularly useful for keeping in touch when travelling or with someone who is travelling. • If you use a webcam as well, then you can make video calls. • You can even use VoIP from a smartphone.
target
G-F
Layla would like to use VoIP on her netbook to keep in touch with her cousin in Canada. (a) State two pieces of equipment she will need to make calls. (2 marks) 1 A microphone.
2 Headphones or speakers. (b) Most of Layla’s friends have computers at home. She finds that she cannot use VoIP to call some of them. Give one target possible reason for this. (1 mark)
D
the equipment as the This student has rightly identified you also need an Internet question asked them to. Although Skype, to make VoIP calls, connection and software, such as appropriate here. these answers wouldn't have been
Layla’s friends’ computers might not be set up for VoIP.
POP3, IMAP and SMTP POP3, IMAP and SMTP are all communication protocols used when sending and receiving emails. SMTP
RECIPIENT’S EMAIL SERVER
POP takes the email from the server and delivers it to the recipient’s computer
RECIPIENT’S COMPUTER
SENDER’S EMAIL SERVER
SEND
RECIPIENT’S EMAIL SERVER
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used when email is sent from the sender’s email client, for example Outlook, to the sender’s email server and when the email is delivered to the recipient’s email server.
IMAP keeps the email on the server
If the recipient uses Post Office Protocol (POP or POP3) to read the email, the mail server will the email to the computer. The email is then deleted from the server and can be read offline. If the recipient uses Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), the email is read on the mail server. The email is not deleted from the server and can be accessed anywhere using any computer with an Internet connection.
target
1
26
John’s email uses the POP protocol. Describe how the POP protocol is different from IMAP when retrieving an email. (2 marks)
B-A
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
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24/08/2012 18:30
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Issues
Sustainability issues Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainability issues of ICT E-waste • Old computer equipment ends up as electronic waste (e-waste) that goes to landfill sites • More developed countries are now sending e-waste to less developed countries Pollution • Toxic substances from e-waste can get into the soil and water supplies • All digital devices use electricity. Large computers need even more electricity to keep them cool. The traditional generation of electricity produces greenhouse gases that can cause global warming Finite resources • Some of the elements used to create digital devices are in short supply so will run out one day • Electricity often comes from non-renewable resources such as coal and oil (fossil fuels), which will also run out in the future
How to increase sustainability Recycle • Recycle or reuse old digital devices • Donate unwanted digital devices to organisations who provide computers to poorer countries • Companies will now buy your unwanted digital devices from you so they are re-used • Some companies are now taking apart electronic waste and selling the parts Reduce your impact • Use digital devices for as long as possible before replacing • Switch off digital devices when they are not in use and when batteries are charged • Use devices that have a sleep mode when not in use Renewable energy • Companies who run large servers are now locating to locations with cool climates and cheap sustainable electricity (for example Iceland which has cool water for cooling and hydro electric power) • Technology companies are starting to offer solarpowered devices
Debbie’s computer is running slowly and she wants to target replace it with a new one. (a) Explain why Debbie should not just throw her old computer in the bin. (2 marks)
C-B
If she throws it in the dustbin, it will end up in landfill, which can result in toxic chemicals leaking into nearby soil and water.
(b) Give two ways in which Debbie could dispose of it sustainably. (2 marks) Debbie could recycle the parts. 1 target 2 She could donate it to a charity.
D-B
target
E-C
e-waste at a landfill site
Sally wants to buy a PC. She is worried about the amount of electricity it will use. 1 State two ways in which Sally could minimise her use of electricity.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M06_GICT_REV_GCSE_3872_TP06.indd 73
(2 marks)
73 28/08/2012 11:14
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Exam skills
Avoiding common mistakes Students sometimes do less well than they could in the exam by making mistakes that can be easily avoided. When revising: • Revise each topic at least three times and make sure you know the key in each topic. • Make sure you learn about policies and legislation. These are areas in which students often perform poorly. • Use past papers to practise, but make sure that you don’t try to regurgitate the same answers in your own exam paper without reading the question properly. In the exam: • • • •
Read each question carefully. Make sure your answer is relevant to the context described in the question. Make sure you answer the question rather than just explaining a term. Don’t just say something is ‘free’, ‘cheaper’, ‘faster’ or ‘easier’ without saying how or why. • If a question asks for two examples of something, make sure your answers are actually different and not just two ways of describing the same thing. • Try to answer all the questions. • Leave time to check your answers at the end of the exam. to check your extended answers for spelling, punctuation and grammar.
target
E-C
Jo uses an ebook reader to read novels whilst travelling. Give two benefits to Jo of carrying an ebook reader rather than traditional paperbacks. (2 marks)
1 It is lighter, so easier to carry on journeys. 2 She can new books immediately if she has an Internet connection rather than having to visit a bookshop.
Henry’s camera has GPS tagging as a feature. State what GPS tagging does.
78 Z01_GICT_REV_GCSE_3872_Z01.indd 78
Read back over your answers quickly to make sure that you have given different answers, and that you haven’t made the mistake of giving the same answer in slightly different ways.
target
Guided
E
(1 mark)
, answers to do with portability of the ebook reader are really the same as saying that it is light. Make sure you give two different benefits, as this student has done.
Students answering qu estions like this often give genera l explanations of what GPS is rather than answering the question. Think about wh at GPS tagging is and how it is a useful feature on a camera camera.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel 28/08/2012 11:28
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Personal Digital Devices
Uses of digital devices People use digital devices in every aspect of their daily lives. You need to be able to explain how the use of personal digital devices affects everyday life. Digital devices allow people to communicate at any time and wherever they are through • Text messages (Short • Media messages • Video calls Message Service, SMS) (Multimedia Messaging • Emails Service, MMS) • Social networking sites • Voice calls • Instant messaging Watching more channels on digital TV
Watching high definition films on Blu-ray players
Displaying photos with digital photo frames
Taking photos and videos with digital cameras and camcorders
Streaming films ing music
Leisure
Keeping in touch through social networking sites
Listening to music and watching films with personal media players Reading with ebook readers
Playing games with consoles or computers target
Travel People often use digital devices on the move to: • find the route using sat nav and Global Positioning System (GPS) • track the location of cars and vans • geotag images.
In questions like this one, many students lose marks by not explaining their points. Make sure you understand the command words and how they will be used in your exam paper. When asked to explain you need to make a point with an explanation. Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this – be prepared!
E-C
Explain how having access to the Internet can enhance a person’s work life. (3 marks)
• Being able to use specialist software, such as spreadsheet software, makes them more productive. • They will be able to collaborate with work colleagues more easily. • Thanks to teleconferencing and video conferencing they have to travel to fewer meetings saving them time.
Other possible points include: s means that it • Improved technology and device saves time. is easier to work from home which of people all • They can draw on the expertise around the world. target
Keziah uses her smartphone to communicate with colleagues at work. State two ways that Keziah might use her smartphone for leisure or travel.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M01_GICT_REV_GCSE_0000_TP01.indd 1
F-E (2 marks)
1 31/07/2012 09:10
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Connectivity
Peer-to-peer networks A peer-to-peer network is when digital devices communicate wirelessly with each other directly without the need for a transmitter between them. You need to know about the technology that allows peer-to-peer networks to be set up.
In the past… Devices communicated with each other through a transmitter: a wireless access point when using Wi-Fi and a mobile phone mast when using mobile broadband. Transmitter
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi Direct The Wi-Fi Alliance has introduced Wi-Fi Direct. This new technology allows devices to connect directly using Wi-Fi without the need for a wireless access point. Wi-Fi Direct allows s to set up peer-to-peer networks. Wi-Fi Direct also allows the devices to use an access point for normal Wi-Fi use.
Bluetooth versus Wi-Fi Direct
Another way of establishing a peer-to-peer network. Allows devices to communicate automatically when within range – no involvement.
Bandwidth Range
Bluetooth 4
Wi-Fi Direct
25 Mbps 60 metres
250 Mbps 200 metres
Can connect up to eight devices at the same time. Low power and so does not interfere with other devices.
(a) Explain why Bluetooth rather than traditional Wi-Fi is used for communication between a target mobile phone and a headset for hands-free phone calls. (2 marks)
C-B
Using Bluetooth, the two devices can communicate directly without the need for a transmitter. They can also communicate automatically without the need for any actions.
(b) Give two reasons to why Bluetooth is not used to network devices in a large office. (2 marks)
Bluetooth has a lower range so the devices being networked need to be target close together, which would not be the case in a large office. It has a very low bandwidth of 0.7 Mbps and so data transfer would be slow.
B-A
and a handsetooth to connect a mobile phone Blu g usin of age ant adv an for ing Part (a) is ask t a valid response. t up to eight devices at once’ isn’ free device so saying ‘It can connec
target
C-B
Some newspaper articles have claimed that Wi-Fi Direct will replace Bluetooth in most digital devices. List two reasons why this could be the case. (2 marks)
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
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25 31/07/2012 09:11
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
Connectivity
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
Had a go
Nearly there
Nailed it!
Communication protocols 1 Katerina has a laptop and likes to communicate with her friends all over the world.
F
(a) She often makes voice calls to her friends over the Internet.
G-F
(1 mark)
Which protocol are the computers using to make these calls?
A HTTP
B VoIP
C SMTP
D HTTPS
(b) List two peripherals that their computers might need to make these calls.
(2 marks)
1 2
A
(c) Name the communication protocol most commonly used for sending emails. (1 mark) (d) The IMAP protocol allows s to read emails on the mail server. Katerina’s mail program uses the IMAP protocol.
C-B
(i) Give one benefit and one drawback to Katerina of using the IMAP protocol. (2 marks)
Benefit Guided
IMAP allows Katerina to access her inbox
Drawback
B- A*
(ii) Explain how the POP protocol handles emails differently from the IMAP protocol.
(2 marks) The question tells you that the IMAP protocol allows s to read emails on the mail server. Think about how the POP protocol is different. If it does not store emails on the mail server, where does it send them?
26 M02_ICT_WB_GCSE_3896_U02.indd 26
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel 16/08/2012 12:30
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
Had a go
Nearly there
Nailed it!
Issues
Sustainability issues D-B
(a) Peter buys a new tablet computer. Peter recycles his old device.
Guided
State two other ways individuals can reduce the impact of ICT on the environment. (2 marks)
1 You can keep using the device for as long as possible before replacing it. 2
C- A*
Note the word ‘other’ in bold. Candidates often miss this word and write about the original statement, in this case recycling. Be sure to choose two different ways to answer the question fully.
*(b) Discuss the environmental impact of ICT and how sustainability can be maximised. (6 marks) This question has an asterisk which means that the quality of your written communication will be assessed. You need to think about your spelling, punctuation and grammar as well as clarity of expression. You need to give a balanced argument which considers both positive and negative effects and then explain them, ideally with examples. In questions like this one, students often forget to give any positive effects.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M06_ICT_WB_GCSE_3896_U06.indd 73
73 16/08/2012 12:32
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample Personal Digital Had a go Nearly there Nailed it! Devices
Uses of digital devices C-B
(a) Explain one way in which the use of digital devices has improved the ways in which companies work and operate. (2 marks)
Guided EXAM ALERT
The use of video conferencing means that
C- A*
Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this – be prepared!
(b) *Discuss the benefits of the use of personal digital devices in education.
(6 marks)
This question has an asterisk which means that the quality of your written communication will be assessed. You need to think about your spelling, punctuation and grammar as well as clarity of expression. You should make a list of all the points you want to make and then plan out your answer before you start writing. Think about the following points: • the personal digital devices that can be used in education • the use of specialist software • the use of personal digital devices for communicating.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M01_ICT_WB_GCSE_0000_U01.indd 1
1 31/07/2012 10:42
Had a go
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample Connectivity
Nearly there
Nailed it!
Peer-to-peer networks John is transferring a music file from his mobile phone to his laptop using Bluetooth (see Figure 1).
Figure 1
E
(a) (i) Give one advantage of using Bluetooth over using Wi-Fi.
F-E
(ii) Give two other ways John could transfer a file from his mobile phone to his laptop. (2 marks)
Guided
1
USB cable.
2
E-D
(1 mark)
(b) Erica works in a large office in which the computers are networked using Wi-Fi.
You are being asked to give two ways other than Bluetooth and Wi-Fi of transferring files between devices. You should explain why Bluetooth is not suitable in a large office where large amounts of data are being transferred.
Explain why Wi-Fi is used and not Bluetooth.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M02_ICT_WB_GCSE_0000_U02.indd 25
(2 marks)
25 31/07/2012 10:42
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
Online goods and services
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Online shopping You need to be able to describe the advantages and disadvantages of shopping ONLINE rather than on the HIGH STREET.
Advantages and disadvantages of shopping online Far greater choice as you are not limited to one geographical area
You need Internet access and computer skills
You can shop all day, every day
You cannot pay using cash
You can easily find the best price using price comparison websites
You can't see or touch products or try on clothes
You do not have to leave the house
You usually have to pay for delivery
You have the right to return the goods for any reason within 7 days of delivery, unless goods are customised
You need to submit personal information through a website
You can read other s' reviews of a product
There is a risk of not receiving goods or having personal details stolen on fraudulent websites
target
F-E
Gia wants to buy a new pair of shoes. She decides to shop online.
Give two advantages of shopping online for shoes rather than buying from a shop. (2 marks) 1 She can buy them at any time of
day or night. 2 There are more choices of shoes and of price.
Impact on businesses Online businesses can be located anywhere, so don't have to pay expensive high street rental prices. They also often need a smaller staff, which saves money. Because online businesses don't physically display their stock they can usually carry a greater range of products. They can also attract customers from all over the world. Draft - subject to review
2
1. Give two advantages to a retailer of selling online rather than having target a high street shop. (2 marks)
F-E
You need to make sure your answers are relevant to buying shoes. You could not say that it is cheaper or faster to shop online. Sometimes shops are cheaper than buying online, and online goods have to be delivered, which takes time. Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this - be prepared!
Impact on lifestyles Easier access for people with physical disabilities or young children
More choice for people in remote areas
Lifestyles Available any time for people who work unsocial hours
Reduced carbon footprint
2. Catherine has decided to buy a new coat. Give two disadvantages to Catherine of target shopping online for the coat rather than buying it from a shop. (2 marks) www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
E-D
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Connectivity
Communication protocols 1 Protocols are the rules that devices must follow when they are communicating with each other. You need to know about VoIP, POP, IMAP and SMTP.
VoIP • Voice over Internet Protocol is the set of rules for transmitting audio messages over the Internet. The rules enable you to make free voice calls from your computer to your friends’ computers. It is particularly useful for keeping in touch when travelling or with someone who is travelling. • If you use a webcam as well, then you can make video calls. • You can even use VoIP from a smartphone.
target
G-F
Layla would like to use VoIP on her netbook to keep in touch with her cousin in Canada. (a) State two pieces of equipment she will need to make calls. (2 marks) 1 A microphone.
2 Headphones or speakers. (b) Most of Layla’s friends have computers at home. She finds that she cannot use VoIP to call some of them. Give one target possible reason for this. (1 mark)
D
the equipment as the This student has rightly identified you also need an Internet question asked them to. Although Skype, to make VoIP calls, connection and software, such as appropriate here. these answers wouldn't have been
Layla’s friends’ computers might not be set up for VoIP.
POP3, IMAP and SMTP POP3, IMAP and SMTP are all communication protocols used when sending and receiving emails. SMTP
RECIPIENT’S EMAIL SERVER
POP takes the email from the server and delivers it to the recipient’s computer
RECIPIENT’S COMPUTER
SENDER’S EMAIL SERVER
SEND
RECIPIENT’S EMAIL SERVER
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used when email is sent from the sender’s email client, for example Outlook, to the sender’s email server and when the email is delivered to the recipient’s email server.
IMAP keeps the email on the server
If the recipient uses Post Office Protocol (POP or POP3) to read the email, the mail server will the email to the computer. The email is then deleted from the server and can be read offline. If the recipient uses Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), the email is read on the mail server. The email is not deleted from the server and can be accessed anywhere using any computer with an Internet connection.
target
1
26
John’s email uses the POP protocol. Describe how the POP protocol is different from IMAP when retrieving an email. (2 marks)
B-A
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel
M02_GICT_REV_GCSE_3872_TP02.indd 26
24/08/2012 18:30
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Issues
Sustainability issues Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Sustainability issues of ICT E-waste • Old computer equipment ends up as electronic waste (e-waste) that goes to landfill sites • More developed countries are now sending e-waste to less developed countries Pollution • Toxic substances from e-waste can get into the soil and water supplies • All digital devices use electricity. Large computers need even more electricity to keep them cool. The traditional generation of electricity produces greenhouse gases that can cause global warming Finite resources • Some of the elements used to create digital devices are in short supply so will run out one day • Electricity often comes from non-renewable resources such as coal and oil (fossil fuels), which will also run out in the future
How to increase sustainability Recycle • Recycle or reuse old digital devices • Donate unwanted digital devices to organisations who provide computers to poorer countries • Companies will now buy your unwanted digital devices from you so they are re-used • Some companies are now taking apart electronic waste and selling the parts Reduce your impact • Use digital devices for as long as possible before replacing • Switch off digital devices when they are not in use and when batteries are charged • Use devices that have a sleep mode when not in use Renewable energy • Companies who run large servers are now locating to locations with cool climates and cheap sustainable electricity (for example Iceland which has cool water for cooling and hydro electric power) • Technology companies are starting to offer solarpowered devices
Debbie’s computer is running slowly and she wants to target replace it with a new one. (a) Explain why Debbie should not just throw her old computer in the bin. (2 marks)
C-B
If she throws it in the dustbin, it will end up in landfill, which can result in toxic chemicals leaking into nearby soil and water.
(b) Give two ways in which Debbie could dispose of it sustainably. (2 marks) Debbie could recycle the parts. 1 target 2 She could donate it to a charity.
D-B
target
E-C
e-waste at a landfill site
Sally wants to buy a PC. She is worried about the amount of electricity it will use. 1 State two ways in which Sally could minimise her use of electricity.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M06_GICT_REV_GCSE_3872_TP06.indd 73
(2 marks)
73 28/08/2012 11:14
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Exam skills
Avoiding common mistakes Students sometimes do less well than they could in the exam by making mistakes that can be easily avoided. When revising: • Revise each topic at least three times and make sure you know the key in each topic. • Make sure you learn about policies and legislation. These are areas in which students often perform poorly. • Use past papers to practise, but make sure that you don’t try to regurgitate the same answers in your own exam paper without reading the question properly. In the exam: • • • •
Read each question carefully. Make sure your answer is relevant to the context described in the question. Make sure you answer the question rather than just explaining a term. Don’t just say something is ‘free’, ‘cheaper’, ‘faster’ or ‘easier’ without saying how or why. • If a question asks for two examples of something, make sure your answers are actually different and not just two ways of describing the same thing. • Try to answer all the questions. • Leave time to check your answers at the end of the exam. to check your extended answers for spelling, punctuation and grammar.
target
E-C
Jo uses an ebook reader to read novels whilst travelling. Give two benefits to Jo of carrying an ebook reader rather than traditional paperbacks. (2 marks)
1 It is lighter, so easier to carry on journeys. 2 She can new books immediately if she has an Internet connection rather than having to visit a bookshop.
Henry’s camera has GPS tagging as a feature. State what GPS tagging does.
78 Z01_GICT_REV_GCSE_3872_Z01.indd 78
Read back over your answers quickly to make sure that you have given different answers, and that you haven’t made the mistake of giving the same answer in slightly different ways.
target
Guided
E
(1 mark)
, answers to do with portability of the ebook reader are really the same as saying that it is light. Make sure you give two different benefits, as this student has done.
Students answering qu estions like this often give genera l explanations of what GPS is rather than answering the question. Think about wh at GPS tagging is and how it is a useful feature on a camera camera.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel 28/08/2012 11:28
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Personal Digital Devices
Uses of digital devices People use digital devices in every aspect of their daily lives. You need to be able to explain how the use of personal digital devices affects everyday life. Digital devices allow people to communicate at any time and wherever they are through • Text messages (Short • Media messages • Video calls Message Service, SMS) (Multimedia Messaging • Emails Service, MMS) • Social networking sites • Voice calls • Instant messaging Watching more channels on digital TV
Watching high definition films on Blu-ray players
Displaying photos with digital photo frames
Taking photos and videos with digital cameras and camcorders
Streaming films ing music
Leisure
Keeping in touch through social networking sites
Listening to music and watching films with personal media players Reading with ebook readers
Playing games with consoles or computers target
Travel People often use digital devices on the move to: • find the route using sat nav and Global Positioning System (GPS) • track the location of cars and vans • geotag images.
In questions like this one, many students lose marks by not explaining their points. Make sure you understand the command words and how they will be used in your exam paper. When asked to explain you need to make a point with an explanation. Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this – be prepared!
E-C
Explain how having access to the Internet can enhance a person’s work life. (3 marks)
• Being able to use specialist software, such as spreadsheet software, makes them more productive. • They will be able to collaborate with work colleagues more easily. • Thanks to teleconferencing and video conferencing they have to travel to fewer meetings saving them time.
Other possible points include: s means that it • Improved technology and device saves time. is easier to work from home which of people all • They can draw on the expertise around the world. target
Keziah uses her smartphone to communicate with colleagues at work. State two ways that Keziah might use her smartphone for leisure or travel.
www.pearsonschools.co.uk/reviseedexcel M01_GICT_REV_GCSE_0000_TP01.indd 1
F-E (2 marks)
1 31/07/2012 09:10
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Guide Sample
Connectivity
Peer-to-peer networks A peer-to-peer network is when digital devices communicate wirelessly with each other directly without the need for a transmitter between them. You need to know about the technology that allows peer-to-peer networks to be set up.
In the past… Devices communicated with each other through a transmitter: a wireless access point when using Wi-Fi and a mobile phone mast when using mobile broadband. Transmitter
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi Direct The Wi-Fi Alliance has introduced Wi-Fi Direct. This new technology allows devices to connect directly using Wi-Fi without the need for a wireless access point. Wi-Fi Direct allows s to set up peer-to-peer networks. Wi-Fi Direct also allows the devices to use an access point for normal Wi-Fi use.
Bluetooth versus Wi-Fi Direct
Another way of establishing a peer-to-peer network. Allows devices to communicate automatically when within range – no involvement.
Bandwidth Range
Bluetooth 4
Wi-Fi Direct
25 Mbps 60 metres
250 Mbps 200 metres
Can connect up to eight devices at the same time. Low power and so does not interfere with other devices.
(a) Explain why Bluetooth rather than traditional Wi-Fi is used for communication between a target mobile phone and a headset for hands-free phone calls. (2 marks)
C-B
Using Bluetooth, the two devices can communicate directly without the need for a transmitter. They can also communicate automatically without the need for any actions.
(b) Give two reasons to why Bluetooth is not used to network devices in a large office. (2 marks)
Bluetooth has a lower range so the devices being networked need to be target close together, which would not be the case in a large office. It has a very low bandwidth of 0.7 Mbps and so data transfer would be slow.
B-A
and a handsetooth to connect a mobile phone Blu g usin of age ant adv an for ing Part (a) is ask t a valid response. t up to eight devices at once’ isn’ free device so saying ‘It can connec
target
C-B
Some newspaper articles have claimed that Wi-Fi Direct will replace Bluetooth in most digital devices. List two reasons why this could be the case. (2 marks)
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25 31/07/2012 09:11
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
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Connectivity
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
Had a go
Nearly there
Nailed it!
Communication protocols 1 Katerina has a laptop and likes to communicate with her friends all over the world.
F
(a) She often makes voice calls to her friends over the Internet.
G-F
(1 mark)
Which protocol are the computers using to make these calls?
A HTTP
B VoIP
C SMTP
D HTTPS
(b) List two peripherals that their computers might need to make these calls.
(2 marks)
1 2
A
(c) Name the communication protocol most commonly used for sending emails. (1 mark) (d) The IMAP protocol allows s to read emails on the mail server. Katerina’s mail program uses the IMAP protocol.
C-B
(i) Give one benefit and one drawback to Katerina of using the IMAP protocol. (2 marks)
Benefit Guided
IMAP allows Katerina to access her inbox
Drawback
B- A*
(ii) Explain how the POP protocol handles emails differently from the IMAP protocol.
(2 marks) The question tells you that the IMAP protocol allows s to read emails on the mail server. Think about how the POP protocol is different. If it does not store emails on the mail server, where does it send them?
26 M02_ICT_WB_GCSE_3896_U02.indd 26
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Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample
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Issues
Sustainability issues D-B
(a) Peter buys a new tablet computer. Peter recycles his old device.
Guided
State two other ways individuals can reduce the impact of ICT on the environment. (2 marks)
1 You can keep using the device for as long as possible before replacing it. 2
C- A*
Note the word ‘other’ in bold. Candidates often miss this word and write about the original statement, in this case recycling. Be sure to choose two different ways to answer the question fully.
*(b) Discuss the environmental impact of ICT and how sustainability can be maximised. (6 marks) This question has an asterisk which means that the quality of your written communication will be assessed. You need to think about your spelling, punctuation and grammar as well as clarity of expression. You need to give a balanced argument which considers both positive and negative effects and then explain them, ideally with examples. In questions like this one, students often forget to give any positive effects.
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Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample Personal Digital Had a go Nearly there Nailed it! Devices
Uses of digital devices C-B
(a) Explain one way in which the use of digital devices has improved the ways in which companies work and operate. (2 marks)
Guided EXAM ALERT
The use of video conferencing means that
C- A*
Students have struggled with exam questions similar to this – be prepared!
(b) *Discuss the benefits of the use of personal digital devices in education.
(6 marks)
This question has an asterisk which means that the quality of your written communication will be assessed. You need to think about your spelling, punctuation and grammar as well as clarity of expression. You should make a list of all the points you want to make and then plan out your answer before you start writing. Think about the following points: • the personal digital devices that can be used in education • the use of specialist software • the use of personal digital devices for communicating.
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Had a go
Edexcel GCSE ICT Revision Workbook Sample Connectivity
Nearly there
Nailed it!
Peer-to-peer networks John is transferring a music file from his mobile phone to his laptop using Bluetooth (see Figure 1).
Figure 1
E
(a) (i) Give one advantage of using Bluetooth over using Wi-Fi.
F-E
(ii) Give two other ways John could transfer a file from his mobile phone to his laptop. (2 marks)
Guided
1
USB cable.
2
E-D
(1 mark)
(b) Erica works in a large office in which the computers are networked using Wi-Fi.
You are being asked to give two ways other than Bluetooth and Wi-Fi of transferring files between devices. You should explain why Bluetooth is not suitable in a large office where large amounts of data are being transferred.
Explain why Wi-Fi is used and not Bluetooth.
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(2 marks)
25 31/07/2012 10:42
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