Gold Standards In Medical Field 2cz27
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GOLD STANDARDS IN MEDICAL FIELD
Published By Medical Resource Links All rights reserved 2011 Note : Please refer to www.medicalresourcelinks.com/tac.html for detailed information on and conditions for using this booklet. www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
What is a 'gold standard'? The term 'gold standard' can be referred to a test or a method. A test which shows the true status of the patient is termed gold standard. These test are assumed to have 100% sensitivity and specificity. Diagnostic power of other tests are evaluated based on the comparison with the gold standard test.When the term applies to a method or a procedure, a 'gold standard' serves as a basis for evaluation of other methods.
Gold standard method for estimating resting energy expenditure - indirect calorimetry Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia – Estimation of serum Ferritin Gold standard for proving that the life span of red cell is decreased ( useful in Hemolytic anemia) - Red cell survival study Gold standard for evaluation of stem cell transplantation therapy - Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation Gold standard technique for differentiating allograft rejection and reactivation of disease after heart transplantation - Endo-myocardial Biopsy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of DVT - Contrast venography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of acute pharyngitis - Throat culture
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of pertussis - Culture of nasopharyngeal secretions Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Otitis externa caused by P. aeruginosa Technetium99 bone scan Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Acoustic Neuroma – Gadolinium MRI Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Shigella infection - isolation and identification of pathogen from fecal material Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Tuberculous meningitis - Culture of CSF Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of HSV Encephalitis - Brain biopsy (CSF PCR largely replaced brain biopsy in recent times) Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of histoplasmosis - Fungal Culture Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomypathy and atrial myxoma - Echocardiogram Gold standard investigation for imaging heart valves and valve motion abnormalities - 2D echocardiography Gold standard investigation for assessment of Myocardial viability (Identification of ischemic or hibernating myocardium)– PET Gold standard investigation for assessment of LV mass and volume - MRI Gold standard method for evaluation of renal arteries and identification of renal artery lesions - Contrast arteriography www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard method for evaluation of respiratory gas exchange - ABG Gold standard investigation for assessment of albuminuria - 24 hr urine collection Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PNH (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria) – Flow cytometry Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of ATTR and other AF mutations - DNA sequencing Gold standard method for identifying and quantifying atherosclerosis in cerebral arteries - x-ray cerebral angiography Gold standard investigation for evaluating anatomy of arterio venous malformation x-ray angiography Gold standard for diagnosis and classification of ataxia - genotype Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of lung infection (Radiotherapy induced) in a cancer patient - open-lung biopsy Gold standard medical treatment for symptomatic progressive pulmonary hypertension – Prostacyclin Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PIH – Serum Urea Gold standard for assessment of visual impairment - Snellen's chart Gold standard method of treatment of non-castrate metastatic disease - surgical orchidectomy Gold standard method for bacterial stain analysis - Pulse-field gel electrophoresis Gold standard method of treatment of DCIS - Mastectomy www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard approach for resection of anterior and middle mediastinal masses median or lateral thoracotomy Gold standard method of treatment of Coarctation of aorta - Surgical repair Gold standard method for evaluation of coronary artery disease - cardiac Catheterization Gold standard method for culture of V. cholerae o139 - Conventional culture methods Gold standard to determine cut-off titre of widal test for diagnosis of Typhoid fever – Nested PCR Gold standard treatment of brucellosis in adults - IM Streptomycin + Doxycyclin Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of chronic arterial mesentric ischemia angiography Gold standard method for treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis - Total proctocolostomy with end ileostomy Gold standard method for evaluation of imaging modalities for liver tumours Intraoperative ultrasonography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of common bile duct stones - Endoscopic cholangiography Gold standard investigation for measurement of GFR - inulin clearance Gold standard for treatment of organ confined, muscle invasive, bladder cancer is radical cystoprostatectomy in men and anterior pelvic exenteration in woman www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard for treatment of femoral shaft fractures - reamed locked intramedullary nailing Gold standard method in case of difficult intubation - flexible fibreoptic intubation scope Gold standard method for diagnosis and treatment of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) - Broncho alveolar lavage Gold standard treatment of hyperparathyroidism - Surgery Gold standard investigation to differentiate follicular and papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland- histology Gold standard procedure for thymectomy - Trans cervical mediastinoscopy and surgery Gold standard for treatment of adrenal tumours - laparoscopic adrenalectomy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of breast cancer - mammography Gold standard method for staging of breast cancer - Axillary lymph node dissection Gold standard for evaluation of a stable patient with suspected vascular injury angiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of GERD - Ambulatory 24 hr PH monitoring Gold standard method for treatment of GERD - Laparoccopic Nissens fundoplication Gold standard for evaluating cure rate in duodenal ulcer patients – vagotomy www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard finding for the diagnosis of GI perforation - finding pneumoperitoneum Gold standard for diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - Serum gastrin levels( Most patients have serum gastrin levels above 1000pg/mL) Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of colonic mucosal disease - colonoscopy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of steatorrhoea - timed quantitative stool fat determination Gold standard method for treatment of incontinence with an isolated sphincter defect - overlapping sphincteroplasty Gold standard investigation for diagnosis and method of management of Acute arterial occlusion – laparotomy Gold standard method for confirmation of mesentric arterial occlusion - mesentric angiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of celiac disease – Small intestine biopsy Gold standard for identifying choledocholithiasis – ER Gold standard method of treatment of Symptomatic cholelitiasis – Lap cholecystectomy Gold standard method for diagnosis of Primary sclerosing cholangitis - ER Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Hepatitis C – HCV RNA assay Gold standard test for diagnosis of intraluminal bile duct abnormalities - ER Gold standard method for management of hydatid disease – surgery www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard for assessing degree of liver injury and fibrosis - Liver Biopsy Gold standard method for management of blunt hepatic trauma - non-operative management Gold standard test for assessment of function of sphincter of oddi – manometry Gold standaard investigation of diagnosis of Klatskin tumor - Cholangiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of invasive amoebiasis - ELISA
REFERENCES 1. Harrison's principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition 2. Schwartz's Manual of Surgery 8th Edition
For more ebooks visit us at www.medicalresourcelinks.com/.html Please subscribe to the newsletter at www.medicalresourcelinks.com/subscribe.html for getting information about latest s.
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
GOLD STANDARDS IN MEDICAL FIELD
Published By Medical Resource Links All rights reserved 2011 Note : Please refer to www.medicalresourcelinks.com/tac.html for detailed information on and conditions for using this booklet. www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
What is a 'gold standard'? The term 'gold standard' can be referred to a test or a method. A test which shows the true status of the patient is termed gold standard. These test are assumed to have 100% sensitivity and specificity. Diagnostic power of other tests are evaluated based on the comparison with the gold standard test.When the term applies to a method or a procedure, a 'gold standard' serves as a basis for evaluation of other methods.
Gold standard method for estimating resting energy expenditure - indirect calorimetry Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia – Estimation of serum Ferritin Gold standard for proving that the life span of red cell is decreased ( useful in Hemolytic anemia) - Red cell survival study Gold standard for evaluation of stem cell transplantation therapy - Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation Gold standard technique for differentiating allograft rejection and reactivation of disease after heart transplantation - Endo-myocardial Biopsy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of DVT - Contrast venography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of acute pharyngitis - Throat culture
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of pertussis - Culture of nasopharyngeal secretions Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Otitis externa caused by P. aeruginosa Technetium99 bone scan Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Acoustic Neuroma – Gadolinium MRI Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Shigella infection - isolation and identification of pathogen from fecal material Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Tuberculous meningitis - Culture of CSF Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of HSV Encephalitis - Brain biopsy (CSF PCR largely replaced brain biopsy in recent times) Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of histoplasmosis - Fungal Culture Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomypathy and atrial myxoma - Echocardiogram Gold standard investigation for imaging heart valves and valve motion abnormalities - 2D echocardiography Gold standard investigation for assessment of Myocardial viability (Identification of ischemic or hibernating myocardium)– PET Gold standard investigation for assessment of LV mass and volume - MRI Gold standard method for evaluation of renal arteries and identification of renal artery lesions - Contrast arteriography www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard method for evaluation of respiratory gas exchange - ABG Gold standard investigation for assessment of albuminuria - 24 hr urine collection Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PNH (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria) – Flow cytometry Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of ATTR and other AF mutations - DNA sequencing Gold standard method for identifying and quantifying atherosclerosis in cerebral arteries - x-ray cerebral angiography Gold standard investigation for evaluating anatomy of arterio venous malformation x-ray angiography Gold standard for diagnosis and classification of ataxia - genotype Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of lung infection (Radiotherapy induced) in a cancer patient - open-lung biopsy Gold standard medical treatment for symptomatic progressive pulmonary hypertension – Prostacyclin Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of PIH – Serum Urea Gold standard for assessment of visual impairment - Snellen's chart Gold standard method of treatment of non-castrate metastatic disease - surgical orchidectomy Gold standard method for bacterial stain analysis - Pulse-field gel electrophoresis Gold standard method of treatment of DCIS - Mastectomy www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard approach for resection of anterior and middle mediastinal masses median or lateral thoracotomy Gold standard method of treatment of Coarctation of aorta - Surgical repair Gold standard method for evaluation of coronary artery disease - cardiac Catheterization Gold standard method for culture of V. cholerae o139 - Conventional culture methods Gold standard to determine cut-off titre of widal test for diagnosis of Typhoid fever – Nested PCR Gold standard treatment of brucellosis in adults - IM Streptomycin + Doxycyclin Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of of chronic arterial mesentric ischemia angiography Gold standard method for treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis - Total proctocolostomy with end ileostomy Gold standard method for evaluation of imaging modalities for liver tumours Intraoperative ultrasonography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of common bile duct stones - Endoscopic cholangiography Gold standard investigation for measurement of GFR - inulin clearance Gold standard for treatment of organ confined, muscle invasive, bladder cancer is radical cystoprostatectomy in men and anterior pelvic exenteration in woman www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard for treatment of femoral shaft fractures - reamed locked intramedullary nailing Gold standard method in case of difficult intubation - flexible fibreoptic intubation scope Gold standard method for diagnosis and treatment of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) - Broncho alveolar lavage Gold standard treatment of hyperparathyroidism - Surgery Gold standard investigation to differentiate follicular and papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland- histology Gold standard procedure for thymectomy - Trans cervical mediastinoscopy and surgery Gold standard for treatment of adrenal tumours - laparoscopic adrenalectomy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of breast cancer - mammography Gold standard method for staging of breast cancer - Axillary lymph node dissection Gold standard for evaluation of a stable patient with suspected vascular injury angiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of GERD - Ambulatory 24 hr PH monitoring Gold standard method for treatment of GERD - Laparoccopic Nissens fundoplication Gold standard for evaluating cure rate in duodenal ulcer patients – vagotomy www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard finding for the diagnosis of GI perforation - finding pneumoperitoneum Gold standard for diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - Serum gastrin levels( Most patients have serum gastrin levels above 1000pg/mL) Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of colonic mucosal disease - colonoscopy Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of steatorrhoea - timed quantitative stool fat determination Gold standard method for treatment of incontinence with an isolated sphincter defect - overlapping sphincteroplasty Gold standard investigation for diagnosis and method of management of Acute arterial occlusion – laparotomy Gold standard method for confirmation of mesentric arterial occlusion - mesentric angiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of celiac disease – Small intestine biopsy Gold standard for identifying choledocholithiasis – ER Gold standard method of treatment of Symptomatic cholelitiasis – Lap cholecystectomy Gold standard method for diagnosis of Primary sclerosing cholangitis - ER Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of Hepatitis C – HCV RNA assay Gold standard test for diagnosis of intraluminal bile duct abnormalities - ER Gold standard method for management of hydatid disease – surgery www.medicalresourcelinks.com
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
Gold standard for assessing degree of liver injury and fibrosis - Liver Biopsy Gold standard method for management of blunt hepatic trauma - non-operative management Gold standard test for assessment of function of sphincter of oddi – manometry Gold standaard investigation of diagnosis of Klatskin tumor - Cholangiography Gold standard investigation for diagnosis of invasive amoebiasis - ELISA
REFERENCES 1. Harrison's principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition 2. Schwartz's Manual of Surgery 8th Edition
For more ebooks visit us at www.medicalresourcelinks.com/.html Please subscribe to the newsletter at www.medicalresourcelinks.com/subscribe.html for getting information about latest s.
www.medicalresourcelinks.com
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