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THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS

Edited by

JAMES HENRY BREASTED

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THE EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS

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TIE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO THE BAKER & TAYLOR CO., NEW YORK; THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LONDON; FUKUOKA,

LIMITED,

TORONTO;

THE

SENDAI;

THE

UNIVERSITY

PRESS,

TOKYO, OSAKA,

KYOTO,

CAMBRIDGE

THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA, COMMERCIAL

PRESS,

LIMITED,

SHANGHAI

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Internet publication of this work was made possible with the generous of Misty and Lewis Gruber

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS VOLUME IV

THE EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS PUBLISHED IN FACSIMILE AND HIEROGLYPHIC TRANSLITERATION WITH TRANSLATION AND

IN TWO

COMMENTARY

VOLUMES

BY

JAMES HENRY BREASTED

VOLUME TWO FACSIMILE PLATES AND LINE FOR LINE HIEROGLYPHIC TRANSLITERATION

THE

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

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PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN LETTERPRESS AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD FACSIMILES BY

EMERY

WALKER, LTD.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages INTRODUCTION

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. . 1. THE ORIGINAL TEXT OF THE EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS . . a. The Restoration of Column I of the Surgical Treatise . b. The Restoration of the Lost Column and the Beginning of the Surgical Treatise . . c. The Restoration of the Lost Conclusion of the Surgical Treatise . . . .. . d. The Incantations and Recipes on the Verso. .

2. THE HIEROGLYPHIC TRANSLITERATION

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FACSIMILE PLATES AND HIEROGLYPHIC TRANSLITERATION

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Plates I-XVII A

RECTO: THE SURGICAL TREATISE . The Surgical Treatise, Column I, Cases 1-3 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column I, Cases 1-3

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The Surgical Treatise-Restoration of Column I, Cases 1-3

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PL. I-XXII A

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Plate I Plate I A

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Plate I

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Plate I C

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Plate II Plate II A Plate III Plate III A

Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Restoration of Column I, Cases 1-3

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column II, Cases 3-6 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column II, Cases 3-6

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column III, Cases 6-7 Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column III, Cases 6-7

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column IV, Cases 7-9 Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column IV, Cases 7-9

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Plate IV Plate IV A

. The Surgical Treatise, Column V, Cases 9-12 Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column V, Cases 9-12

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Plate V

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Plate V A

. The Surgical Treatise, Column VI, Cases 12-16 Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column VI, Cases 12-16

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Plate VI

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Plate VI

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column VII, Cases 17-20 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column VII, Cases 17-20

The Surgical Treatise, Column VIII, Cases 20-24 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column VIII, Cases 20-24 . . The Surgical Treatise, Column IX, Cases 24-28 Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column IX, Cases 24-28

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Plate VII Plate VII

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Plate VIII

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Plate VIII A

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Plate IX Plate IX A

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Plate X

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column XII, Cases 34-38 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XII, Cases 34-38

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column XIII, Cases 38-41 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XIII, Cases 38-41

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The Surgical Treatise, Column X, Cases 28-31

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Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column X, Cases 28-31 The Surgical Treatise, Column XI, Cases 32-34

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Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XI, Cases

32-34

The Surgical Treatise, Column XIV, Cases 41-43

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Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XIV, Cases 41-43 The Surgical Treatise, Column XV, Cases 43-46 . . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XV, Cases 43-46

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Plate XA

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Plate XI

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Plate XII Plate XII A

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Plate XIII Plate XIII A Plate XIV

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Plate XIV A

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Plate XV

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Plate XV A

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Plate XVI Plate XVI A

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Plate XVII

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Plate XVII A

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The Surgical Treatise, Column XVI, Cases 46-47 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XVI, Cases 46-47

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. The Surgical Treatise, Column XVII, Cases 47-48 . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XVII, Cases 47-48

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viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS VERSO: MISCELLANEOUS INCANTATIONS AND RECIPES APPENDED ON THE BACK

Incantations and Recipes, Column XVIII, Incantations (First to Fourth) . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XVIII, Incantations (First to Fourth)

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Incantations and Recipes, Column XIX, Incantations (Fourth to Seventh) . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XIX, Incantations (Fourth to Seventh)

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Plate XVIII Plate XVIII A

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Plate XIX Plate XIX A

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Incantations and Recipes, Column XX, Incantations (Seventh and Eighth) and Recipe for Female Troubles . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XX, Incantations (Seventh and Eighth) and Recipe for Female Troubles.

Plate XX Plate XX A

Incantations and Recipes, Column XXI, Recipes for Female Troubles, Complexion, and Renewing Youth . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XXI, Recipes for Female Troubles, Complexion, and Renewing Youth

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Incantations and Recipes, Column XXII, Recipes for Renewing Youth, Trouble with Anus . Hieroglyphic Transliteration of Column XXII, Recipes for Renewing Youth, Trouble with Anus

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Plate XXII Plate XXII A

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INTRODUCTION 1. THE ORIGINAL TEXT OF THE EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS THE forty-six plates in this volume contain the original text of the Edwin Smith Papyrus as far as it is preserved to us, reproduced in facsimile on Plates Ito XXII, and in hieroglyphic transliteration on Plates I A to XXII A. The facsimile plates (I-XXII) reproduce exactly the present condition of the papyrus, with the exception of Plate II, which, as explained below, has suffered slight alteration since it was photographed for publication. In so far as he was not prevented by the writing on the verso, Mr. Smith mounted the papyrus on heavy manila paper. The columns once so mounted are shown on Plates I to XI. Glue or paste attracts destructive insects and itself sometimes discolors and damages a papyrus manuscript. It was therefore thought advisable, after the columns in question had been carefully photographed, to attempt detaching them from the paper backing, and after cleaning off the remaining glue, to mount each of these columns hermetically sealed between heavy plates of glass, in accordance with the approved modern method of protecting papyrus manuscripts, while leaving them at the same time accessible and legible. The preparator to whom this delicate task of detaching these columns was entrusted, was not successful, and after he had finished with Column II the attempt was not carried further. All of Columns I to XI, except Column II, have been left on the paper backing, but have been mounted between glass. The remaining columns of the papyrus (XII to XXII) are also between glass, a mounting which is indispensable in case of Columns XIII to XVII, on the backs of which are written Columns XVIII to XXII, making it necessary to have both sides accessible.1 With reference to the text, the slight damage to Column II has left it still perfectly legible. It has lost slightly in thickness, and as a result it has changed color. At the same time it has suffered some distortion. There is now a vertical crack extending from in line 5 across all the lines to line 15. Another crack extends from rt oin line 13 all the way to the bottom of the column. Both these cracks yawn slightly, separating ink lines that should , but nothing essential is lost. The facsimile of Column II does not show these blemishes, as it was photographed before they occurred. The text of the fragmentary Column I is further discussed below. The remaining facsimiles represent the columns (IIIXXII) as they originally left the hand of the Egyptian scribe in the Seventeenth Century . c., with but slight exceptions. On the edge of the paper on which Column V is mounted I find the 1 Column XVIII is on the back of Column XVII Column XIX is on the back of Column XVI Column XX is on the back of Column XV Column XXI is on the back of Column XIV Column XXII is on the back of Column XIII

following note by Mr. Smith (the punctuation and spelling are his) " There are 3 or 4 blurred places in the pap. occurring from the unequal tension of the pap. and paper, being corrugated I smoothed them with a spatula which in some cases blurred the pap. lines 13 & 15 are examples. All such cases are noted in margin, the other blurred places were in the papyrus; made probably by the transcriber while the ink was yet moist." The only other note in which Mr. Smith calls attention to a blurred word, as far as I can find, is attached to this same This note Column V at line 15, and refers to the word which the scribe erased with reads : "for it was the sponge; such corrections are seen throughout this pap.

ZA?

-.

iSo

here he forgot to insert the -,

if indeed

'

be not the root."

The remaining questions of the original condition of the papyrus will be found discussed in the following sections. a. The Text, the Reconstruction,and the Restoration of Column I of the Surgical Treatise In addition to the remarks on this column in Volume I (pp. 75-77), the following observations should also be noted, especially regarding the damaged condition of this column as at present available. The treatment to which Mr. Smith unavoidably subjected the fragments of Column I in order to soak them loose from the bogus roll (see Volume I, pp. 75-76), has affected the writing, especially along the edges of the fragments where the ink has in places been abraded and has paled or even disappeared. Thus at the top of Fragment B there are only two traces of 1. 1, where part of this line must once have been written. Similarly at the bottom of B and D there is a blank space, where parts of 1. 15 should appear. Sometimes not only the ink but even the entire surface of the papyrus has been abraded, carrying away the vertical fibres of the fabric, e. g., at the ends of I1. 1-3. By tearing and displacement there is in places also a good deal of distortion, sometimes making fragmentary signs uncertain, especially along the edges of the fragments, as in 11. 5, 9, 12, etc. Compare

in 1. 20 (P1. I).

It should be noted in using Plate I B, that all signs which are entirely outside the edges of the preserved fragments are of course always restorations; but sometimes a sign is half preserved and the restoration is based on the portion preserved. Usually signs included entirely within the edges of the fragments The back of Column XII is blank; the backs of Columns I to XI are still covered with paper, except Column II, as above explained. The blank following Column XVII on the recto is 39 cm. long, and is also blank on the verso.

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THE EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS

are not restorations, but belong to the preserved text. Some such signs, however, are only partially preserved owing to abrasion, to the loss of the surface of the papyrus, or to breakages causing holes in the papyrus. Thus the signs in 1. 1 on fragment B have entirely disappeared because the surface is gone. An important lacuna in 1. 9 in fragment B is due to a vertical crack crossed by a horizontal abrasion at the level of 1. 9, immediately following the first r rt (not r rt in 1. 9, in fragment A). Persistent examination of this vertical hole finally revealed the fact that at this point the distortion which arose when Mr. Smith pasted these fragments on paper, has drawn the vertical edges of the hole too near together, thus narrowing the space available for restoring the sign and making it appear that there is not enough width for the restoration suggested below. The vertical splinter of papyrus lost in the tall narrow hole was much wider than the present hole. This is chiefly due to the fact that the left edge of the hole has been pushed over to the right at the level of 1. 9, as even the photograph (see P1. I) reveals. At the same time there has been abrasion of the surface in the same region carrying away a horizontal band 14 mm. long from to This loss has cut in two horizontally all three signs of the problematical word ; and the first sign is also cut in two vertically, leaving very little of it to suggest its identity. The unaltered photograph (P1. I), however, shows the following traces, which we must certainly recognize as remains of the .s' sign. On the right of the vertical hole, beginning at the top, are the tip of the right horn, below it the outside of the outward curve, and the tip of the nose. The head and muzzle are lost in the hole. On the left of the hole beginning at the top are again the tip of the left horn, below it the outward curve, the ear which is unmistakable, the two strokes of the neck (cf. the same sign in 1. 12 below, or better IV 19), and further down a trace of the foreleg. It should be noted that our scribe employs two forms of this gg sign: a simple form (as in IX 18) with no foreleg, and only one oblique stroke for the neck; and a fuller form with the foreleg indicated and with two oblique strokes for the neck. Our broken sign in 1. 9 is the fuller form. In the restoration on P1. I B, I have been obliged to insert the ' sign in a space rendered too narrow for it by the incorrect narrowness of the hole in the present condition of the papyrus; but there can be no doubt about the reading a's. Following the A't sign (e. g., IV 19) we regularly find w and the zigzag ligature for 7 (I 12 is an exception). These two signs (w and the ligature) often overlap as in IV 19, and they do so here in 1 9; this fact and the horizontal abrasion have left very misleading remains; but there is no distortion at this point, and restoration across the abrasion demonstrates the certainty of the reading. The rendering "indications" for .5tw is noted in Vol. I, p. 80, and it is important to observe that in Papyrus Ebers, 100, 14-15, where it means " indications," it is applied as in Papyrus Smith, I 9, to " indications " observable in the pulse. Some less important textual details are the following: Line 1, at end: the sign is almost invisible and the head is entirely gone; the tail is hidden by a slight fold in the papyrus.

f.

Line 2, Fragment B. What looks like a w in red, above %is probably a fragment pushed down from 1. 1 into 1. 2. Line 4, only slight traces are discernible under the-. Line 4, j at end: only the middle of q, most of o and the seal of are visible. Line 5, Fragment A: there are possibly very slight, but smeared traces under o. Line 6, Fragments B-C: in hty only one of the two oblique strokes is visible. Line 8, Fragment B, left edge: slight trace of the tip of w (of wbnw) is visible on edge. Line 11, Fragment D, tail of , stops in following d and does not extend across 1. 12. Its apparent extension is a scratch on the surface of the papyrus. Line 19, Fragment E, tail of . in red comes down from 1. 18. Over it is a black oblique stroke, very clear in photograph (P1. I), which is perhaps a modern ink stroke (made accidentally by Smith ?). Before it are probable traces of m. Line 24, Fragment i: no traces and probably no loss above A. The placing of the surviving fragments of Column I has already been discussed in Volume I (pp. 75-77). The size of the column, however, and the restoration of the lost portions of the text, as contributing to the determination of the width of the column, have not yet been discussed. Unfortunately there is no complete line preserved in this column. The ends of seven lines at the top, and of seven lines at the bottom, are preserved at the left side of the column; but not a single beginning. A vertical strip of papyrus, containing the beginning of every line from the first to the last, has been lost at the right-hand edge of the column. The first problem is to determine the width of this lost strip. This can be done with at least rough approximation to correctness by a restoration of the text based on repetitions of the ages or fixed formulae recurring in the treatise. Thus in Case 2, Gloss B (I, 16-17) is an explanation of adhesive tape which is fortunately repeated in Case 10 (V, 9), where it occupies exactly a complete line having a length of 28-50 cm. In Column I this gloss occupies parts of two lines (ll. 16-17); and the last word (.E) of the gloss in 1. 17 falls

12.50 mm. short of reaching as far as the first word (~a-) in 1. 16. The gloss, therefore, occupies 12.50 mm. less than a full line of Column I; that is, a full line of Column V is not enough to fill up a complete line of Column I. This difference would indicate that the lines were longer in Column I than in ColumnV; but the smaller writing in Column I is also a factor. In Column I the length of the introductory signs (in 1.16) from = to the broken left edge of the papyrus, that is to the middle of a (in sid-wy), is 5 cm.; whereas in Column V the same amount of text occupies a length of 6-25 cm., a difference of 12-50 mm. just equal to the amount (12.50 mm.) by which Gloss B in Column I falls short of occupying the full line. This evidence would indicate that Column I might have been as wide as Column V, that is about 29 cm. in width. A similar comparison may be made between Column I, 11. 14-15, containing a treatment repeated in Case 27 (IX,

q

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xi

THE ORIGINAL TEXT 16-18) and Column IX, where this treatment occupies a length of 81-25 cm., while in Column I a slightly shorter text occupies 2.5 cm. less than a full line. The size of the writing is again a possible factor, but hrw nb r ndm-f in Column IX (1. 18) is only very slightly longer than in Column I (1. 15). This comparison would indicate that Column I was about as wide as the 29 cm. drawn from the first comparison above. The scribe liked to begin a line with the introductory t4 of the examination, e. g. II 3, and II 12. In Column I, 1. 19 obviously began with this o . The following protasis extending to (but not including) the drr-hr.k, " thou shouldst palpate," beginning the apodosis, can be measured in II 3, and II 12, where it is 16 cm. and 17 cm. long respectively. Measuring off 17 cm. on the right of drr-hr.k in I 19, we gain a column about 24.50 cm. wide. This width is ed by additional evidence below, and has been adopted in P1. I B. The same width of Column I is indicated by restoring the text on the lost strip at the right of Fragments C D. The last word of 1. 2, " meat " (in the directions: " Bind it with fresh

meat "), shows us what words are lost at the beginning of 1. 3. These words occupy elsewhere from 4 to 6 cm., or an average of 5 cm., and this space measured off here on the right of Fragments C D gives us a column 24.50 cm. wide. The parallel material from Papyrus Ebers (99) would indicate that the lost strip was probably a little less than 4.25 cm. This is corroborated by the beginnings of 11. 10-14. The length of the words to be restored at the beginning of 1. 10, established by measuring them at the end of 1. 1, is 4 cm. At the beginning of 1. 11, the lost words are found again toward the end of the same line, where they are a trifle over 4 cm. long. In 1. 12 the lost words at the beginning are found also in 1. 10, where they measure something over 3 cm. It should be noticed that the lost strip from 1. 1 down to 1. 14 was wider at the top than at the bottom, as the measurements show. This is observable in the preceding measurement of 1. 12; and again at the beginning of 1. 13, where the lost words, found again in II 12, occupy a length of 3.50 cm. These calculations of the width of the lost strip at the right edge of Column I therefore indicate a column about 24.50 cm. wide as in P1. I B. Turning to the greater loss in the lower right-hand quarter of the column (below Fragments B C D), 11.15-17 have already been discussed above; and 1. 18 cannot be restored. The lost first half of 1. 19 occurs again in II 12, where it measures a little over 10 cm., a measurement which would place the right edge of Column I very close to the position given it in Plate I B. With the exception of the first four signs, the lost material in 1. 20 occurs again in 1. 25. Allowing a normal amount of space for these lost four signs ( g4 : e), the gap was nearly 11 cm. long, placing the right edge of the column as shown in our restoration (P1. I B). The restoration of 1. 21 is based on II 3 and II 5, where the words lost in 1. 21 occupy about 10.25 cm., I These cases are: Case 7 (III 2); Case 8 (IV 5); Case 9 (IV 19); Case 11 (V 10); Case 12 (V 16); Case 17 (VII 1, Head of Column!); Case 21 (VIII 6); Case 23 (VIII 18); Case 32 (XI 1, Head of Column!); Case 35 (XII 3); Case 39 (XIII 3); Case 41 (XIII 18); Case 46 (XV 20). It may be noted, however, that there are four cases which the scribe might

that is a trifle less than in our restoration (P1. 1 B). The lost words in 1. 22, recurring in IX 9-10, are 10.25 cm. long, that is slightly shorter than in our restoration. A more surprismg minimum, however, is indicated by 1. 23, where the lost words, as found in II 7, occupy less than 9 cm., whereas our restoration gives them about a centimeter more. The lacunae in 11.24 and 25 offer no material for assisting us, but 1. 26 may be built up from 1. 20, 1. 25, and the latter part of 1. 26, with indications of no shorter space than our restoration has given. In dealing with the contradictory nature of the above indications as to the width of Column I, it should be noted that spatial variations in the writing of hieratic are considerable, and increase with the size of the age involved. Thus in I 15, the phonetic signs in wbnw are twenty per cent. shorter than in 112. The scribe tends to reduce the scale of his writing towards the ends of the lines, e. g., 11. 22-26. The decisive measurements therefore, should, if possible, be those of the short lacunae at the beginnings of the lines. In Column I these are especially the beginnings of 11. 3-14, which indicate within rather narrow limits the position of the right edge-a position which is ed by the longer restorations in 11. 19-21 and 1. 26, and should hardly be altered in deference to the evidence from 11. 22 and 23, favoring a slight shift to the left, and narrowing the column, which the beginnings of 11. 3-14 show cannot be done. Ll. 14-15 are also decisively against any further narrowing. With regard to the unplaced fragments (P1. I, K to R), it is belonging possible that on Fragment M we have the signs in 1.17. Above these signs on Fragment M to the word are probably the signs %/ =t of a verb in the hr-form which would belong to 1. 16 in a gloss. A hr-form, that is a prescriptive form used in treatments and directions, would not properly occur in a gloss; and this seems a good reason for not placing Fragment M in 11. 16-17.

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b. The Restoration of the Lost Column and the Beginning To some extent the restoration of the original might also include the lost column preceding Column I-that is, it may at least involve discussing the beginning of Case 1, which occupied the bottom lines of the lost column (see Vol. I, pp. 77-78). It is highly probable that in copying the discussion of the cases, the scribe would begin Case 1 at the beginning of a line; for he preferred to begin even the later cases with a new line whenever conveniently possible. Out of the forty-seven cases, whose beginnings are preserved, the scribe began thirteen with a new line.' Two of these (Cases 17 and 32) begin also a new column. The probability that Case 1 began a new line involves us in some difficulty when we observe that the restored text of the beginning of Case 1 (Volume I, pp. 78-89), preceding its continuance at the top of Column I (Pl. I B), in normal easily have begun with a new line if he had wished. Thus Case 6 (II 17) begins only two signs away from the end of the line; Cases 16 (VI 17) and 42 (XIV 16) only four signs from the end; and Case 43 (XIV 22) only four signs from the beginning of a line.

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THE EDWIN SMITH SURGICAL PAPYRUS

xii

hieratic would be about 43 to 54 cm. long.1 If in two complete lines of some 22 cm. each, the width of the lost column would thus be only 22 cm.-a width not equal to that of the first five columns and hence insufficient. It is clear, however, that above these two, or parts of two, bottom lines, there must have been twenty-three or twenty-four lines of hieratic text, containing an introduction or part of an introduction, the nature and character of which we cannot surmise. At the top of the column (or of some preceding column if the introduction was longer), there must have been a title, presumably the one quoted in Papyrus Ebers (99, 1):

magical hodge-podge in four columns (XVIII-XXI). Line 9 of Column XXI was the last line written by the same unknown scribe who copied for us at least eighteen columns of the Surgical Treatise. Beginning directly under line 8 of Column XXI, a probably later and obviously much less skillful scribe copied the " Book of Transforming an Old Man into a Youth" in twenty-three lines (XXI 9-XXI 10), which he followed with another recipe in four lines (XXII 11-14), the last words of the Edwin Smith Papyrus.

2. THE HIEROGLYPHIC TRANSLITERATION "Beginning of the Secret Book of the Physician " (see Volume I, pp. 107-8). Further than this we cannot carry the restoration of the lost beginning. c. The Restoration of the Lost Conclusion Toward the restoration of the lost conclusion (following P1. XVII), it is impossible to do anything. Plate XVII exhibits (on the left edge) only a portion of the additional space on the recto left blank by the scribe when he stopped writing in the middle of a line, the middle of a case, and the middle of a sentence, in the nineteenth line of the column where the deep black writing shows that he had just dipped his pen and loaded it heavily. Before writing the last two signs (c), however, he had stopped his work for some time. When he resumed writing again and began with these signs, his pen was dry and the two signs were much too pale to suit him. He dipped his pen again and heavily retraced the two signs with deep black. The retracing was unsteadily done however, and his first pale lines can still be plainly discerned. He then laid down his overloaded pen, and as he laid aside the Surgical Treatise which he was copying, he left some 15z inches of his papyrus vacant and unwritten at the left end of the strip.

J~,

d. The Incantations and Recipes on the Verso In turning over the long sheet, he did not begin writing on the back at the right-hand end but moved to the left, leaving at the right end a blank space of nearly 15 inches (39 cm.). This space, as already stated, is also blank on the front (following Column XVII). Without doubt it was the scribe's intention to begin copying the new document on the verso directly on the back of Column XVII of the recto, leaving a space of some 31 inches (78 cm.), about 15- inches on each side, between the matter on front and back. The Surgical Treatise was thus separated from the magical hodge-podge which followed, not only by being on a different side of the papyrus, but also by an intentionally inserted separating blank space of about thirtyone inches in length. When the scribe later resumed copying, he had before him a conventional collection of incantations and recipes, which he began transcribing on the back of his strip of papyrus (over sixteen feet long). Here he copied sixty-five lines of this

After the manuscript of Volume I had been handed to the printer, Professor Eugene D6vaud of the University of Freiburg, Switzerland, kindly consented to autograph the twenty-three plates of hieroglyphic transliteration, in accordance with the text printed with the commentary in Volume I. Later he also kindly agreed to draw the hieratic plate containing the restored text of Column I (P1. I B). For this timely assistance, which has resulted in a handsome and palaeographically faithful drawing of the restored text of Column I, as well as several improved readings, I am sincerely grateful. He for whom these words of appreciation were intended will unhappily never read them. For not long after he had sent in his draughts of Plates I to VI, Professor Devaud fell suddenly ill and died on July nineteenth. It is a melancholy pleasure to express here a word of tribute in grateful recognition of his faithfulness, his fine scholarship and his unbounded devotion to science. At this juncture Dr. W. Erichsen kindly consented to undertake the drawing of the hieroglyphic plates, and Plates II A to XXII A are his work. I take this occasion to express to him my sincere thanks for his skillful and timely assistance. I am very grateful also to the Editors of the Egyptian Dictionary for their kind consent that Dr. Erichsen's time, which belonged to the Dictionary, should be temporarily diverted to this task. The hieroglyphic transliteration of the mutilated first column, has been a rather complicated matter, and Devaud's drawings (Plates I A and I C) have therefore been retained. The torn condition of the column made it advisable, in drawing the hieroglyphic transliteration, to follow pretty closely the arrangement and disposition of the hieratic signs; for a sign near a torn margin, if placed in the normal position for hieroglyphic, might be thrown entirely over the margin into a lacuna and thus seem to disappear; whereas in the hieratic it might stand on the margin and be clearly legible, at least in part. It did not seem necessary to redraw these two complicated plates (I A and I C), merely for the sake of uniformity with Plates II A to XXII A. In the hieroglyphic text of Column I on Plates I A and I C, the restored signs or portions of signs are drawn in dotted lines; and it should be noted that on Plate I A the only signs so restored are those of which a portion is actually preserved on the torn margin. The justification for the extensive restorations shown on Plate I C will be found in the discussion in Volume I

1 The total of 56 cm. given in Vol. I, p. 78 is a mismeasurement, and should be corrected as above.

oi.uchicago.edu

xiii

THE ORIGINAL TEXT (pp. 78 to 138). In the restoration of the last line (Plate I A or I C, 1. 26) it is to be noted that Fragment H has been shifted slightly to the right (as compared with Plate I) in order to make room for of which a small part of the tail is visible on Fragment F, and it should of course be likewise shifted on Plate I. The remark is due to D6vaud. In this connection the reader should note that the " n " inserted in the text of the transliteration on Plates I A and I C is intended to call attention to the textual notes accompanying the hieroglyphic text of Column I in Volume I. In such transliteration usage has varied in the case of certain signs. The chief questionable transliterations, about which there is some difference of opinion, are the following:

fl

or I and :; it should be noted that our document writes (XVII 16). Hence the present (XVII 15) or c . editor has nearly always transliterated in Volume I. Q is without any doubt the hieroglyphic form arising from the shortened hieratic form of j. To the present editor, therefore, Q seems the only correct transliteration in such cases. o and a are not always consistently distinguished in our papyrus, but an effort has been made to distinguish them in the transliteration. The distinction between and = in Papyrus Smith is important. The question may be raised whether (1) the tick is used to indicate that the pronunciation is still t; or, (2) merely as a diacritical mark to distinguish it from hieratic a or o. If the latter were true, we could understand why, in Papyrus Smith, r never received the tick, were it not for the fact that all seven occurrences in Papyrus Smith are accompanied by -. In forms without , the legs might have been regarded as a fully sufficient indication preventing any confusion with hieratic o. With the exception of V and the ancient conventional writing S(see XVIII 18), ~= does not occur in Papyrus Smith, which otherwise invariably employs =; although it may be noted that the sign is not of frequent occurrence. The examples are trm " wink " (IV 3); tsy " lift " (II 1, X 21) ; tsw " stiffness " (I 20, 21, 26; II 6, 13, 15, 22; III 6); htt-t " shoulder "

1Sethe

(XVI 16, 17; XVII 1, 7, 11); tsw" lay prostrate " (XII 5, 11; XVII 19), a total of nineteen occurrences. In view of the fact that in Papyrus Smith always has the tick (except in V and the archaic

"

people "), the scribe of our document

to indicate the sound t. See the presumably used the form remarks of De Buck and Gardiner on this point (Gardiner, Grammar, p. xxvii). The above facts again demonstrate the close affinity of our papyrus with Middle Kingdom documents. It will be noted that - (Z 6) is always transliterated . The confusion of (Z 6) with , is due to a common misunderstanding (cf. Moeller's Palaeographie,I, No. 49 B). The enemy or captive (,) does not occur in Papyrus Smith.1 It should be noted that our document is inconsistent in the use of a (D 26) the spewing mouth, and t (Aa 3). In our transliteration in Volume I it has sometimes been difficult to distinguish between the two. The plates in Volume II differ slightly from the type, e.g. VIII 18. The word g o is commonly written with a peculiar sign for which closely resembles the hieratic form of . It may well be that this bird-like hieratic sign is another form of hieratic g; but in order to distinguish between the two hieratic forms, the peculiar sign has been transliterated wherever it occurs. It is not always possible to reproduce in hieroglyphic type all the distinctions observable in the original manuscript. The transliteration plates being drawn by hand are in some details more accurate than it is possible to be in type. This will for some inconsistencies, as when, e. g., the text in Volume I has 1, whereas the plates sometimes have the knife with blood dripping from the point. Conversely in the determinative of the human lips, the teeth should appear (as in Vol. I) in Plates III A, 4; VA, 9; VI A, 8 and 13; VII A, 13; and VIII A, 21. Finally the transliteration plates have offered a convenient means of indicating the scribe's use of red ink for rubrics and corrections. Obviously it has not always been possible to determine accurately the extent of the rubrics in the restored portions of Column I.

has also called attention to this error (Die Achtung, in Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akad., 1926, p. 62).

V

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oi.uchicago.edu

FACSIMILE PLATES AND

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PlIate III

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oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

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THE SURGICAL TREATISE, COLUMN VI

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oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

Pla VIICases 17-20

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Plate VIJA

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oi.uchicago.edu

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Plate VIII

Cases 20-24

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oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

Cases 24-28

Plate IX

2

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oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

Cases 28-31

Plate X

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oi.uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

Cases 32-34

Plate X I

Case 32

6 7 8

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THE SURGICAL TREATISE, COLUMN XI

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Plate XIA

Cases 32-34

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Pla XIICases 34-38

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Plate XII1A

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Cases 38-41I

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Pla XJVCases 41-43

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Plate XVI

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PlateXVIIIInc antations (First to Fourth)

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Plate X I X

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BOOK OF INCANTATIONS AND RECIPES, COLUMN XIX

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Plat; X X

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Plate XXI

Recipes for Female Troubles, Complexion and Renewing Youth

2

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PaeXJ Plate XXIA

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Plate XXII

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