Introduction To Dsp Processors 6m3c3q
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DSP Processors
Why to Study Digital Signal Processors ?
Computers Designed for business and other general applications which are not optimized for algorithms such as, Digital filtering Fourier analysis. Digital Signal Processors are microprocessors specifically designed to handle Digital Signal Processing tasks (e.g. Fast Fourier Transforms, inner products, Multiply & Accumulate)
Tremendous growth in the last decade, finding use in everything from cellular telephones to advanced scientific instruments. Hardware engineers use "DSP" to mean Digital Signal Processor, just as Algorithm developers use "DSP" to mean Digital Signal Processing.
Key difference: DSP / DSP Processor / MC DSP stands for digital signal processing. Signal processing that is done on a digital signal or information signal. A DSP processor is a specialized microprocessor that has an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing. Microcontroller, on the other hand, is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable I/O peripherals. The microcontroller often also includes program memory, as well as, a small amount of RAM.
Digital Signal Processors
Microcontroller
Don't have a flash program memory. They need Have a non power off erasable program the software to be 'loaded' into them. memory inside, some with EPROM store capabilities. Much faster for integer mathematics operations.(Floating point operation)
Many microcontrollers do not have the hardware.(Co-processors)
Much faster for floating point operations.
In microcontrollers, this has to be done in software.
DSPs are not designed to be a 'robust' device. They need a well designed board to work properly.
Microcontrollers can work on a Test Board.
DSPs are a fast calculator microprocessor, that Microcontrollers are a more flexible device is very effective for computing calculations and with more features. moving data.
GPP Drawbacks
More instructions/task. Slow in performing multiply and divide operations. Consume many cycles to complete. Common Memory for data and program
Limited bus/memory bandwidth
Solution : DSP Architectures
The DSP performs multiplication in a single cycle by implementing all shift and add operations in parallel.
DSPs have a specialized instruction that allows them to multiply, add, and save the result in a single cycle.
This instruction is usually called MAC (short for Multiply, Accumulate).
Some practical DSP systems are: · Hi-Fi Equipment(Music Systems) · Toys · Videophones · Modems · Phone Systems · 3D Graphics Systems(flight simulators) · Image Processing Systems(compression, robot vision, fingerprint recognition, etc)
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Advantages
Repeatability – Low sensitivity to component tolerances – Low sensitivity to temperature changes – Low sensitivity to aging effects – Nearly identical performance from unit to unit – Matched circuits cost less. High noise immunity In many applications DSP offers higher performance and lower cost. – CD players versus phonographic turntable
Why go digital?
Analogue signal processing is achieved by using analogue components such as:
Resistors. Capacitors. Inductors.
The inherent tolerances associated with these components, temperature, voltage changes and mechanical vibrations can dramatically affect the effectiveness of the analogue circuitry.
Why go digital?
With DSP it is easy to:
Change applications. Correct applications. Update applications.
Additionally DSP reduces:
Noise susceptibility. Chip count. Development time. Cost. Power consumption.
Why NOT go digital?
High frequency signals cannot be processed digitally because of two reasons:
Analog to Digital Converters, ADC cannot work fast enough.
The application can be too complex to be performed in real-time.
Why do we need DSP processors?
Why not use a General Purpose Processor (GPP) such as a Pentium instead of a DSP processor?
What is the power consumption of a Pentium and a DSP processor?
What is the cost of a Pentium and a DSP processor?
Why do we need DSP processors?
Use a DSP processor when the following are required:
Cost saving. Smaller size. Low power consumption. Processing of many “high” frequency signals in real-time.
Use a GPP processor when the following are required:
Large memory. Advanced operating systems.
Learning
Advantages of DSP Processors Characteristics of DSP Processors Types of architectures Architecture for programmable DSP devices. Execution Control & Pipelining. Programmable DSP “TMS320C67xx” Analog DSP Processor “21061 series” Implementation of DSP Algorithms. eg. FIR, IIR filters, Adaptive filters etc.
Chapter 1 Introduction - End -
Why to Study Digital Signal Processors ?
Computers Designed for business and other general applications which are not optimized for algorithms such as, Digital filtering Fourier analysis. Digital Signal Processors are microprocessors specifically designed to handle Digital Signal Processing tasks (e.g. Fast Fourier Transforms, inner products, Multiply & Accumulate)
Tremendous growth in the last decade, finding use in everything from cellular telephones to advanced scientific instruments. Hardware engineers use "DSP" to mean Digital Signal Processor, just as Algorithm developers use "DSP" to mean Digital Signal Processing.
Key difference: DSP / DSP Processor / MC DSP stands for digital signal processing. Signal processing that is done on a digital signal or information signal. A DSP processor is a specialized microprocessor that has an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing. Microcontroller, on the other hand, is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable I/O peripherals. The microcontroller often also includes program memory, as well as, a small amount of RAM.
Digital Signal Processors
Microcontroller
Don't have a flash program memory. They need Have a non power off erasable program the software to be 'loaded' into them. memory inside, some with EPROM store capabilities. Much faster for integer mathematics operations.(Floating point operation)
Many microcontrollers do not have the hardware.(Co-processors)
Much faster for floating point operations.
In microcontrollers, this has to be done in software.
DSPs are not designed to be a 'robust' device. They need a well designed board to work properly.
Microcontrollers can work on a Test Board.
DSPs are a fast calculator microprocessor, that Microcontrollers are a more flexible device is very effective for computing calculations and with more features. moving data.
GPP Drawbacks
More instructions/task. Slow in performing multiply and divide operations. Consume many cycles to complete. Common Memory for data and program
Limited bus/memory bandwidth
Solution : DSP Architectures
The DSP performs multiplication in a single cycle by implementing all shift and add operations in parallel.
DSPs have a specialized instruction that allows them to multiply, add, and save the result in a single cycle.
This instruction is usually called MAC (short for Multiply, Accumulate).
Some practical DSP systems are: · Hi-Fi Equipment(Music Systems) · Toys · Videophones · Modems · Phone Systems · 3D Graphics Systems(flight simulators) · Image Processing Systems(compression, robot vision, fingerprint recognition, etc)
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Advantages
Repeatability – Low sensitivity to component tolerances – Low sensitivity to temperature changes – Low sensitivity to aging effects – Nearly identical performance from unit to unit – Matched circuits cost less. High noise immunity In many applications DSP offers higher performance and lower cost. – CD players versus phonographic turntable
Why go digital?
Analogue signal processing is achieved by using analogue components such as:
Resistors. Capacitors. Inductors.
The inherent tolerances associated with these components, temperature, voltage changes and mechanical vibrations can dramatically affect the effectiveness of the analogue circuitry.
Why go digital?
With DSP it is easy to:
Change applications. Correct applications. Update applications.
Additionally DSP reduces:
Noise susceptibility. Chip count. Development time. Cost. Power consumption.
Why NOT go digital?
High frequency signals cannot be processed digitally because of two reasons:
Analog to Digital Converters, ADC cannot work fast enough.
The application can be too complex to be performed in real-time.
Why do we need DSP processors?
Why not use a General Purpose Processor (GPP) such as a Pentium instead of a DSP processor?
What is the power consumption of a Pentium and a DSP processor?
What is the cost of a Pentium and a DSP processor?
Why do we need DSP processors?
Use a DSP processor when the following are required:
Cost saving. Smaller size. Low power consumption. Processing of many “high” frequency signals in real-time.
Use a GPP processor when the following are required:
Large memory. Advanced operating systems.
Learning
Advantages of DSP Processors Characteristics of DSP Processors Types of architectures Architecture for programmable DSP devices. Execution Control & Pipelining. Programmable DSP “TMS320C67xx” Analog DSP Processor “21061 series” Implementation of DSP Algorithms. eg. FIR, IIR filters, Adaptive filters etc.
Chapter 1 Introduction - End -
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