Kuttiadi Hydro Electric Project 3y4a4l

KUTTIADI HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT (KAKKAYAM)

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Ashik sundar.s Asif mohammed Shiyas Noufal

INTRODUCTION • One of the major ones operated by KSEB which supplies power to large area of kerala • Located at the Kuttiadi River Basin • The river rises from the Narikota hilly ranges of the wayanad hills(a part of the western ghats) • Kuttiadi is a tiny town located in the north of kozhikkod district,about 50km from the kozhikkod town and 30km away from the vadakara

INTRODUCTION • Power plant is located at a height of 2450ft above sea level • It has a capacity of 225MW with 6 units • The project gets commissioned I 1972 and in 2010 there was an extinction scheme of 2 units of 50MW.

• Kuttiyadi Hydro Electric Project is the third largest hydro electric project in kerala. • Consist of 4 powerhouses: • Kuttiadi old power house(3*25MW) • Kuttiadi extension scheme(1*50MW) • Kuttiadi additional extension scheme(2*50MW) • Kuttiadi small hydro electric project(3*1.5MW)

THE RESERVOIR • There are 2 interconnected reservoirs for this project • The main reservoir called the kuttiadi reservoir is formed by kakkayam dam constructed across the kuttiadi river • Its full reservoir level is 757.72m • Average head at power house is 747m

THE RESERVOIR • The augmentation reservoir called the Thariode reservoir is formed by the thariode dam,also called Banasurasagar dam • The interconnection tunnel has a length of 4.678km • Its full reservoir level is 775.6m.

Kakkayam Dam

KUTTIADI OPH MACHINE FLOOR AND CONTROL ROOM • The main mechanical parts in OPH are: • OPH has 3 generators of 25MW capacity made by FUJI(a Japan company) • Butterfly valve • Surge tank • Inlet valve • Decompression valve • Main guide bearings • Needle and nozzle

• Deflector • Impulse turbine • MIV

WORKING • Water from dam is carried by tunnel then penstock in high pressure • End of penstock connected to MIV • When MIV is open water flow through vertical Pelton turbine through distributors. • Shaft of turbine is connected to generator • A dc generator is used to excite alternator • Produces electriciy

• This 11KV is step up by a transformer to 110KV and it is connected to grid after synchronising.

KES AND KAES MACHINE FLOOR • KES • KES was developed by taking an extention from penstock of KHEP. • KES consist of 50MW generator made by GE(canada company)

KES WORKING • A Thyristor is used to convert 156v AC to DC for the operation of auxillary motor. • This auxillary motor produces the DC power which is supplied to the rotor of generator for field generation • Vertical shaft pelton turbine of capacity 50mw with 10% continuos overlod is suitably connected

KES WORKING • A GOVERNOR UNIT is provided for the operation of all valves associated with turbine. • GU is of 2 pump, one for working and other is to standby generator operation • GU includes the parts like speed signsl electric power supply,motor driver,pump unit,oil pressure receiver,sump tank,compressor and associated the auxilary equipment.

KAES • This project was developed by construction of an additional penstock to feed the generator • Consist of 2 generators of 50mw capacity made by BHEL(Indian company) • Working is similar to that of KES machine floor

KAES CONTROL ROOM • Control room is to control various generator units and monitor its operation • Controlling on KAES is done with the help of PLC-SCADA. • It can also control the switch yard,common auxilary,main sld. • From control room we can observe grid voltage and each generator output and also the ampere taken by each feeder

KAES CONTROL ROOM • We could control the operation unit,MIV,needles,deflectors,excitation,voltage change over,brakers and isolators.

KANNUR AND KOZHIKKOD YARDS • • • •

The operations in yards are: GT step up 11kv to 110kv Auxillary transformer convert 11kv to 415v Cooling of main transformer is oil immersed water type • The output from main transformer is taken by 110kv bus • Lightening arrester for protection against lightening damage

• The current transformer convert high current to lower value • A sf6 circuit breaker is connected to the grid,it have better arc quenching property. • Then the line is connected to the grid through an isolator which can operate remote and manual. • Isolator act as a mechanical connection between line and grid. • The potential transformer is connected in parallel to the line for the purpose of measuring and connecting the relay

• There are 4 main feedres from the yard: • 2 feeders from kozhikkod yard • 2 feeders from kannur yard

DC AND BATTERY SYSTEM • The main two types of batteries used here are: • Lead acid battery • Valve regulated Lead Acid Battery • Battery chargers of ratings 110v,60A and for communication purpose 48v,40A dual FCBC are being used. • Two main charging methods: • Float type • Boosting type

• For the communication purpose PLCC is used • Inorder to check battery is healthy or not,we should look forward to the float voltage. • In LAB the float voltage should be:1.85v and in VRLA battery it should be:2.25v. • Lead acid batteries are used for excitation and control circuits. • There are 55cells each providing 2v,total 110v. • To charge this battery110v/60a float cum boost charger with DCDB is being used.

• In KAES VRLA type batteries are used • Main supply to the computers are provided through ups • The different type of excitation provided to KES and KAES are: • 1,2,3 station-shunt type • 4 station-static type • 5,6 station-static type

KTR • • • • • • • •

Contains 3 generators of 1.25mw each. Kaplan turbine is used. Main mechanical parts are: MIV Guide Vane Runner blade Driver end bearing Non- driver end bearing

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Turbine oil pressure unit Bearing oil pressure unit Cooling water pump Flywheel Rigid coupling

BATTERY SYSTEM • • • • •

VRLA batteries are used. Battery chargers are: Float charger Float cum boost charger Float charger is to meet the load requirements and trickle current to the battery • Flaot cum boost chargerb is to meet the battery charging requirements

• When float charger fails float cum boost charger comes to float mode and or closes through the output voltage sense board. • So that pc voltage at load terminal is equal to the load voltage

11KV SUBSTATION • 8 11kv feeders • Vaccum circuit breaker is used • Main purpose is to take the external auxillary supply for generator lt-. • Two external transformer with rating 11.5mea,which transforms 110kv grid voltage to 11kv • It is connected to the incommers of substation • 2 incommers • 2 incommers are coupled with bus coupler.

CONCLUSION • IT gave many practical knwoledge in accordance with the technical and commercial things.