Metrology Angular Measurement 6y5d4s
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Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Welcome to Session on metrology
E.Gowdhaman
12/13/10
[email protected]
1/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Session Four
12/13/10 [email protected] 2/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Out Line • • • •
Comparators and Definition Measuring Instruments & Comparators Mechanical Comparators Advantages and Disadvantages. protractor
12/13/10
[email protected]
3/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Review of Angles
• Angle is defined as the opening between two lines which meet at a point. • The basic unit in angular measurement is the right angle. • For engineering purpose, the angular units are defined in sexagesimal system* i-e Degree, Minutes, Seconds • Angular measurement is generally concerned with the measurement of individual angles on gauges, tools, as well as small angular changes and deflections • Only because of perfect/precise angular measurement that ships and aero plane can navigate confidently with out the help of sight of land.
* Engineering Metrology by R.K.Jain page 517 12/13/10
[email protected]
4/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Fixed angle • In workshop, in most cases, the following Fixed Angle Measurement are used • 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 135 Deg. • Try Square is one such Example for 90Deg measurement. • 120Deg Square • 135deg Square 12/13/10
[email protected]
5/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Squares
• The solid square is usually used to check squareness of surfaces or to square up parts on a surface plate prior to inspection • There are many useful tools that can be used to precisely measure or check for squareness. • The most common perhaps is the solid square/Tool makers Squares (see Figure). • The wide portion is referred to as the beam and the slender upright portion is called the blade. .
12/13/10
[email protected]
6/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Protractor • It is to measure the angle between the two faces of a component • The plate protractor is capable of measuring to within 1-degree. The plate protractor is especially useful for layout. • Consist of steel flat bar with degree and movable blade • Can be measured upto 30 min.
12/13/10
[email protected]
7/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Adjustable Bevel • Used to check, measure and transfer angles and laying out work • With Adjustable bevel, two bladed are set and locked in any position by locking screw • Then angles are checked by another measuring devise
12/13/10
[email protected]
8/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set Consist of 4 parts located in the groove of the blade
12/13/10
[email protected]
9/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set • Protractor Bevel can be adjusted only by direct application to lines or surfaces having the proper angular relation. • It often happens that such adjustment is not feasible and, therefore, a ing device, in the form of a graduated arc, is applied to the bevel, making what is known as a protractor. This tool can be used to find the angular relation in degrees
12/13/10
[email protected]
10/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set • Center Square: Center of a circle is found at the intersection of any two diameters, an instrument for readily finding that point is a great convenience. • This fig. shows a combination straightedge and square, called a center square, which accomplishes this result. • As one edge of the rule bisects the angle of the square, it is evident that a line drawn by that edge es through the center of any circular piece to which the square is applied. • Locating centers in the ends of round bars or circular work of any kind is the principal use of this tool.
12/13/10
11/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor • Also called Vernier Bevel Protractor • Used for measuring and testing angles. • Accuracy of this instrument is 5minutes • Fig shows typical Vernier Bevel Protractor.
12/13/10
[email protected]
12/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Parts: Consist of Base, Sliding Blade, Graduated Disc(Main Disc), Vernier Scale
12/13/10
[email protected]
13/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Function • The Protractor disc is free to rotate at the pivot and can be clamped with the nut in base in assembly. • Blade can slide both ways. • VS fitted with disc to take reading during measurement. 12/13/10
[email protected]
14/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Reading Universal Bevel protractor • The protractor ‘s disc is graduated in Degrees over an arc 180 Deg, • It reads Zero to 90Deg both side of Zero line • VSD has 12 Div both sides of Zero line. • MSD is matched with 23 Div of VSD • So 1 Div on Vernier Scale is 23Deg/12
12/13/10
[email protected]
15/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Calculating Least count Universal Bevel protractor
• 1 Div on Vernier Scale is 23Deg/12 • Difference between the 2div on MSD& 1 Div on the VSD • So
12/13/10
[email protected]
16/69
Reading Universal Bevel protractor
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
CASE 1 1 of all, note the No. of whole Deg bet. Zero on VSD. Whole degree equal to 52Deg • st
•
12/13/10
In VDS matching with 45Degs
[email protected]
17/69
Reading Universal Bevel protractor
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
CASE 2
12/13/10
[email protected]
18/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
19/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
20/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
21/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
22/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Different Methods/Purpose •The universal bevel protractor is capable of measuring obtuse angles as well as acute angles •When accompanied with the correct attachments. Look at Figure below to give you an idea as to the uses of the universal bevel protractor.
Measuring Acute Angles 12/13/10
Measuring Obtuse Angles [email protected]
23/69
Different Methods/Purpose Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Attachments
Using a protractor with a vernier height gage 12/13/10
[email protected]
24/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Suggestions • Engineering Metrology by R.K.Jain page 517-520 • All about machine tool by New age int. (2nd Ed.) Page 112-115 • A text book of Work shop Technology Page 439-441 • Web portal http://chestofbooks.com
12/13/10
[email protected]
25/69
Welcome to Session on metrology
E.Gowdhaman
12/13/10
[email protected]
1/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Session Four
12/13/10 [email protected] 2/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Out Line • • • •
Comparators and Definition Measuring Instruments & Comparators Mechanical Comparators Advantages and Disadvantages. protractor
12/13/10
[email protected]
3/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Review of Angles
• Angle is defined as the opening between two lines which meet at a point. • The basic unit in angular measurement is the right angle. • For engineering purpose, the angular units are defined in sexagesimal system* i-e Degree, Minutes, Seconds • Angular measurement is generally concerned with the measurement of individual angles on gauges, tools, as well as small angular changes and deflections • Only because of perfect/precise angular measurement that ships and aero plane can navigate confidently with out the help of sight of land.
* Engineering Metrology by R.K.Jain page 517 12/13/10
[email protected]
4/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Fixed angle • In workshop, in most cases, the following Fixed Angle Measurement are used • 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 135 Deg. • Try Square is one such Example for 90Deg measurement. • 120Deg Square • 135deg Square 12/13/10
[email protected]
5/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Squares
• The solid square is usually used to check squareness of surfaces or to square up parts on a surface plate prior to inspection • There are many useful tools that can be used to precisely measure or check for squareness. • The most common perhaps is the solid square/Tool makers Squares (see Figure). • The wide portion is referred to as the beam and the slender upright portion is called the blade. .
12/13/10
[email protected]
6/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Protractor • It is to measure the angle between the two faces of a component • The plate protractor is capable of measuring to within 1-degree. The plate protractor is especially useful for layout. • Consist of steel flat bar with degree and movable blade • Can be measured upto 30 min.
12/13/10
[email protected]
7/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Adjustable Bevel • Used to check, measure and transfer angles and laying out work • With Adjustable bevel, two bladed are set and locked in any position by locking screw • Then angles are checked by another measuring devise
12/13/10
[email protected]
8/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set Consist of 4 parts located in the groove of the blade
12/13/10
[email protected]
9/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set • Protractor Bevel can be adjusted only by direct application to lines or surfaces having the proper angular relation. • It often happens that such adjustment is not feasible and, therefore, a ing device, in the form of a graduated arc, is applied to the bevel, making what is known as a protractor. This tool can be used to find the angular relation in degrees
12/13/10
[email protected]
10/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Combination set • Center Square: Center of a circle is found at the intersection of any two diameters, an instrument for readily finding that point is a great convenience. • This fig. shows a combination straightedge and square, called a center square, which accomplishes this result. • As one edge of the rule bisects the angle of the square, it is evident that a line drawn by that edge es through the center of any circular piece to which the square is applied. • Locating centers in the ends of round bars or circular work of any kind is the principal use of this tool.
12/13/10
11/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor • Also called Vernier Bevel Protractor • Used for measuring and testing angles. • Accuracy of this instrument is 5minutes • Fig shows typical Vernier Bevel Protractor.
12/13/10
[email protected]
12/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Parts: Consist of Base, Sliding Blade, Graduated Disc(Main Disc), Vernier Scale
12/13/10
[email protected]
13/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Function • The Protractor disc is free to rotate at the pivot and can be clamped with the nut in base in assembly. • Blade can slide both ways. • VS fitted with disc to take reading during measurement. 12/13/10
[email protected]
14/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Reading Universal Bevel protractor • The protractor ‘s disc is graduated in Degrees over an arc 180 Deg, • It reads Zero to 90Deg both side of Zero line • VSD has 12 Div both sides of Zero line. • MSD is matched with 23 Div of VSD • So 1 Div on Vernier Scale is 23Deg/12
12/13/10
[email protected]
15/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Universal Bevel Protractor Calculating Least count Universal Bevel protractor
• 1 Div on Vernier Scale is 23Deg/12 • Difference between the 2div on MSD& 1 Div on the VSD • So
12/13/10
[email protected]
16/69
Reading Universal Bevel protractor
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
CASE 1 1 of all, note the No. of whole Deg bet. Zero on VSD. Whole degree equal to 52Deg • st
•
12/13/10
In VDS matching with 45Degs
[email protected]
17/69
Reading Universal Bevel protractor
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
CASE 2
12/13/10
[email protected]
18/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
19/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
20/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
21/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Universal Bevel protractor Do Your Self
12/13/10
[email protected]
22/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Different Methods/Purpose •The universal bevel protractor is capable of measuring obtuse angles as well as acute angles •When accompanied with the correct attachments. Look at Figure below to give you an idea as to the uses of the universal bevel protractor.
Measuring Acute Angles 12/13/10
Measuring Obtuse Angles [email protected]
23/69
Different Methods/Purpose Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Attachments
Using a protractor with a vernier height gage 12/13/10
[email protected]
24/69
Central Tool Room and Training Centre ,Bhubaneswar, Ministry of MSME
Reading Suggestions • Engineering Metrology by R.K.Jain page 517-520 • All about machine tool by New age int. (2nd Ed.) Page 112-115 • A text book of Work shop Technology Page 439-441 • Web portal http://chestofbooks.com
12/13/10
[email protected]
25/69
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