Motherboard 5a4837

Submitted by – Sumit Kumar 4th year B.Tech, ECE (2010-13) Branch – ECE, SKIT, Jaipur. Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan , Jaipur

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PCS Tech. Started in1983. Global IT Solution provider. PCS Technology is a 100 million dollar company today. Headquartered in Jebel Ali, Dubai. Global presence – 32 offices across the globe. Distinct Quality Process – ISO 9001:2000 & ISO 14001 certified.

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International Operations

Sales and Marketing offices – Dubai, Africa, USA , Europe Manufacturing facility for desktop, servers and notebooks in Jebel Ali, Dubai

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India Operations

Manufactures PCS range of desktops, notebooks and servers Provides IT service and annual maintenance contract. Head office – Mumbai Regional offices - Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Calcutta, Bhopal, and Jaipur 22 branch offices 44 area service centers

Fig. - Brief Architecture of computer H/w

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Multi-layered printed circuit board Copper circuit paths called traces carry signals and voltages across the motherboard Some layers carry data for input/output while other layers carry voltage and ground returns Form factors of M/B ◦ 3 most common form factor classifications:  Baby AT (11.2" x 8.2")  ATX (12" x 9.6“)  Slimline NLX (8.0" x 10.0“)

The motherboard is the hub of all data exchange

The U. The Busses. Chips

System BUS

 ROM chips/ BIOS chips  CMOS storage. Intel chipset 915G. The  The chipset(Controllers). south bridge ICH6 is to the left Data exchange on the M/B  Real Time Clock (RTC) -System Clock  Keyboard Controller - Super I/O controller

Sockets Plugs, connectors and ports Others – N/W Interface IC, Sound IC etc

Fig. - Connectors & plugs mounted directly on a motherboard

Fig. - General Motherboard structure

The U circuit (the ”die”)

The U is mounted on the motherboard, hidden under the cooling fan and heat sink.

Close up of a U circuit (die).

Wafer and path from die to pins of U

A technician from Intel holding a wafer. This slice of silicon contains hundreds of tiny processor cores,

The underside of a (P4) U, showing the many pins.

Cache RAM is much faster than normal RAM

The way the processor uses the L1 and L2 cache.

Bridges connect the various busses together Bus connect various devices

Intel chipset 915G. The south bridge ICH6 is to the left

The two chips which make up the chipset, and which connect the motherboard’s busses

VIA P4X266A & VT8233C

The north bridge and its immediate surroundings.

Chipset complete Layout

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Video card - integrated into the north bridge Sound card - in the south bridge Modem - in the south bridge Network and firewire - in the south bridge Built - in RAID or (seldom) SCSI controller Other network, screen and sound facilities Wireless LAN SmartCard/MemoryStick/etc. readers

Two general methods are used 1. 2.

Computer POST / beep codes PC Analyzer Card code

1. Computer POST / beep codes– They are different for different BIOS manufacture like AMI, Phoenix, IBM, AWARD, Macintosh Example for IBM BIOS –       

No Beeps - No Power, Loose Card, or Short 1 Short Beep Normal POST, computer is ok - No problem 2 Short Beep POST error, review screen for error code - See screen Continuous beep - Power supply failure Repeating short beeps - Power supply failure One long and two short beeps - Display adapter (video card) failure One long and three short beeps - Display adapter (video card) failure

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Current POST Code

+12 +3.3 +5V

CLK

FRAM IRDY

RST

Previous POST Code

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Visually check dry soldering ts and then resold them Visually check electronic components and replace damaged components

 Capacitor  Inductor  Resistor  If still problem occur, we check IC using IC tester and replace it if gone bad  If still problem is not resolved then ask expert help

8/18/2012

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8/18/2012

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