Rates And Equations Lab Report 6m4r1s

IODINATION OF ACETONE

CHEMISTRY LAB REPORT

JANUARY 13th, 2010

LAB PERFORMED BY: Narendran Sairam and Steven Kraplin and Daniel Glukhov

Table of Contents 1. Title Page........................................................................................................................................1 2. Table of Contents...........................................................................................................................2 3. Objective........................................................................................................................................3 4. Equipment......................................................................................................................................3 5. Experimental Procedure.................................................................................................................4 6. Data Tables.....................................................................................................................................5 7. Caculations.....................................................................................................................................5 8. Predictions......................................................................................................................................6 9. Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................6

Objective: The objective of this lab is to determine the rate of the iodination of acetone by differing the amounts of reactants, finding the rate constant (k) and the order of the reaction in of each of the reactants. Equipment: • gloves •

safety glasses

•

thermometer (manufactured by Control Company serial no: 61161-283)

•

two testubes

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100 mL of 4M Acetone

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100 mL of 1M HCl

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100mL of 0.005 M I2

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graduated cylinder

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125 mL Erlenmeyer flask

•

distilled water

Experimental Procedure: 1. Prepare for lab by obtaining all the necessary materials in the equipment list. 2. Obtain 10 mL of 4M Acetone, 10 mL of 1M HCl, 20 mL of distilled water and 10 mL of 0.005mL 0.005 M I2. 3. Add the acetone, 1M HCl and water to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask and then quickly add the 0.005 M I2 and begin timing. 4. Swirl the mixture until the color disappears completely and the mixture is clear and comparable to distilled water in another flask of the same type. 5. Record the time taken for the mixture to get to this state. 6. Record the temperature of the final mixture. 7. Repeat steps 2-6 and record data for the second run. 8. Obtain 20 mL of 4M Acetone, 10 mL of 1M HCl, 10 mL of distilled water and 10 mL of 0.005mL 0.005 M I2. 9. Repeat steps 3-6. 10. Repeat steps 8 and 9 and record data for the second run. 11. Obtain 10 mL of 4M Acetone, 20 mL of 1M HCl, 10 mL of distilled water and 10 mL of 0.005mL 0.005 M I2. 12. Repeat steps 3-6. 13. Repeat steps 11 and 12 and record data for the second run. 14. Obtain 10 mL of 4M Acetone, 10 mL of 1M HCl, 10 mL of distilled water and 20 mL of 0.005mL 0.005 M I2. 15. Repeat steps 3-6. 16. Repeat steps 14 and 15 and record data for the second run. 17. Check that you have the times and the temperatures for all the runs.

Data Table: Mixture Volume of Volume of Volume of Volume of Run time Run time Temperature Acetone 1M HCl 0.005 M distilled in seconds in seconds in degrees (mL) (mL) I2 (mL) water Celsius (mL) I

10

10

10

20

175

190

20.45

II

20

10

10

10

79

64

21.1

III

10

20

10

10

135

104

19.5

IV

10

10

20

10

335

350

20.5

Mixture

Acetone (M)

[H+] (M)

[I2 ]o (M)

Rate= [I2 ]o/average time (s-1)

I

0.80

0.20

0.0010

5.4794 x 10-6

II

1.60

0.20

0.0010

1.3986 x 10-5

III

0.80

0.40

0.0010

9.5693 x 10-6

IV

0.80

0.20

0.0020

5.8394 x 10-6

IV

Average

Calculations: rate of reaction = k[acetone]m [H+]n [I2 ]p • • •

(Rate II) / (Rate I) = 2m = 2.55244 ◦ m=1.35188 (Rate III) / (Rate I) = 2n = 1.7477 ◦ n=0.09793 (Rate IV) / (Rate I) = 2p = 0.9689 ◦ p=0.80439

Average Rate: obtained by plugging the values into the rate equation. K

I

II

III

k 5.09769117x 10-5 0.097696104x 10-5 5.097696103x 10-5 5.09769103x 10-5 5.09769487 x 10-5

Prediction: a trial experiment based on the data gathered and the values determined. The amounts of reactants are randomly assumed. There is no specific reason for picking the numbers that were picked.

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amount 4M Acetone: 100 mL

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Initial concentration of Acetone: 4M

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amount 1M HCl : 200 mL

•

Initial concentration of HCl: 1M

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amount 0.005M I2: 300mL

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Initial concentration of I2: 0.005M

•

amount distilled water: 400 mL

rate of reaction = k[acetone]m [H+]n [I2 ]p = 4.681141 x 10-6 seconds Rate = [I2 ]o/average time= 1068.11 seconds -1 Conclusion: I believe that this experiment has not met the expectations because the reaction rate that was obtained through calculations did not correspond to the result provided by the instructor. This may be for several reasons. For one, the temperatures of the runs varied and this inconsistency in temperature affects the rate constant, k. also there may have a decent amount of human error involved in, for example, measuring out the necessary quantity of reactants, miscalculating something or misinterpreting the instructions provided. In light of these discrepancies, the obtained results are justified in the fullest.