Seven Characteristics Of Technical Communication 63n4v
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Seven Characteristics of Technical Communication • Addresses particular readers. • Helps readers solve problems. • Reflects an organization's goals and culture.
• Is produced collaboratively. • Uses design to increase readability. • Consists of words or graphics or both.
• Is produced using high-tech tools.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
1
Goals of Document Design • To make a good impression on readers. • To help readers understand the structure and hierarchy of the information. • To help readers find the information they need. • To help readers understand the information. • To help readers the information.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
2
Four Principles of Design • Proximity – group related items together. Keep text describing a graphic next to the graphic. • Alignment – create a unified whole. • Repetition – use consistent format for each level of information. • Contrast – use different type to emphasize important points.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
3
Consider Cultural Preference in These Design Elements: • Paper sizes – different countries have different standard paper sizes. • Typeface – Pacific Rim countries prefer sans-serif typefaces, while Western readers prefer serifs. • Color – In China, red suggests happiness or celebration, while in other countries it suggests danger.
• Text direction – some cultures read left to right, others read right to left. Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
4
Three Resources to Consider When Planning the Whole Document • Time • Money • Equipment
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
5
Four Elements to Consider in Deg the Whole Document • Size • Paper • Bindings
• Accessing tools Icons Color Dividers and tabs
Cross-reference tables Headers and footers Page numbering
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
6
Three Principles Used in Deg Effective Pages • Chunking. People understand information best if it is delivered to them in chunks rather than all at once. • Queuing. Queuing refers to creating visual distinctions to indicate levels of importance. • Filtering. Filtering is the use of visual patterns to distinguish various types of information.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
7
Two Kinds of Space on Every Page • White space (or negative space) • Space for text and graphics • Page grids arrange elements into one or more columns.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
8
Three Advantages of Multicolumn Design • Text is easier to read because the lines are shorter. • Columns allow you to fit more information on the page, because many graphics can fit in one column or extend across two or more columns. • Columns let you use the principle of repetition to create a visual pattern, such as text in one column, accompanying graphic in an adjacent column.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
9
Four Purposes of Margins • They limit the amount of information on the page, making it easier to read and use. • They provide space for binding and allow readers to hold the page without covering up the text. • They provide a neat frame around the type. • They provide space for marginal glosses.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
10
Four Aspects of Typography • Typefaces: Serif vs. Sans-serif • Type families Arial Arial Black Arial Narrow
• Case Lowercase letters are easier to read THAN UPPERCASE LETTERS.
• Type sizes Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
11
Five Other Design Features Used Frequently in Technical Communication • Rules • Boxes • Screens
• Marginal glosses • Pull quotes
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
12
• Is produced collaboratively. • Uses design to increase readability. • Consists of words or graphics or both.
• Is produced using high-tech tools.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
1
Goals of Document Design • To make a good impression on readers. • To help readers understand the structure and hierarchy of the information. • To help readers find the information they need. • To help readers understand the information. • To help readers the information.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
2
Four Principles of Design • Proximity – group related items together. Keep text describing a graphic next to the graphic. • Alignment – create a unified whole. • Repetition – use consistent format for each level of information. • Contrast – use different type to emphasize important points.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
3
Consider Cultural Preference in These Design Elements: • Paper sizes – different countries have different standard paper sizes. • Typeface – Pacific Rim countries prefer sans-serif typefaces, while Western readers prefer serifs. • Color – In China, red suggests happiness or celebration, while in other countries it suggests danger.
• Text direction – some cultures read left to right, others read right to left. Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
4
Three Resources to Consider When Planning the Whole Document • Time • Money • Equipment
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
5
Four Elements to Consider in Deg the Whole Document • Size • Paper • Bindings
• Accessing tools Icons Color Dividers and tabs
Cross-reference tables Headers and footers Page numbering
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
6
Three Principles Used in Deg Effective Pages • Chunking. People understand information best if it is delivered to them in chunks rather than all at once. • Queuing. Queuing refers to creating visual distinctions to indicate levels of importance. • Filtering. Filtering is the use of visual patterns to distinguish various types of information.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
7
Two Kinds of Space on Every Page • White space (or negative space) • Space for text and graphics • Page grids arrange elements into one or more columns.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
8
Three Advantages of Multicolumn Design • Text is easier to read because the lines are shorter. • Columns allow you to fit more information on the page, because many graphics can fit in one column or extend across two or more columns. • Columns let you use the principle of repetition to create a visual pattern, such as text in one column, accompanying graphic in an adjacent column.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
9
Four Purposes of Margins • They limit the amount of information on the page, making it easier to read and use. • They provide space for binding and allow readers to hold the page without covering up the text. • They provide a neat frame around the type. • They provide space for marginal glosses.
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
10
Four Aspects of Typography • Typefaces: Serif vs. Sans-serif • Type families Arial Arial Black Arial Narrow
• Case Lowercase letters are easier to read THAN UPPERCASE LETTERS.
• Type sizes Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
11
Five Other Design Features Used Frequently in Technical Communication • Rules • Boxes • Screens
• Marginal glosses • Pull quotes
Chapter 13. Deg the Document
© 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's
12
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