The Art Of Woodworking - Finish Carpentry 1994 1e1z72

W O R K S H OGPU I D E SCRIBING F i t t i n gt h e e n do r e d g eo f a p i e c eo f m o l d i n go r t r i m s q u a r e layg a i n sat w a l lt h a t i s n o t p l u m bc a n b e d i f f i c u l t .T h es i m p l et r i c ks h o w na t r i g h tm a k e st h e t a s k s i m p l eB . u t tt h e b o a r da g a i n stth e w a l la n d h o l da p e n c iw l i t h i t s e d g ea g a i n stth e w a l la n d i t s p o i n t c o n t a c t i ntgh e f a c eo f t h e w o r k p i e c eS.t a r t i n g at the t o p o f t h e m o l d i n gs, l i d et h e p e n c i dl o w nt h e w a r r ; t h e m a r kt h a t i s s c r i b e do n t h e w o r k o i e c w e ill orov i d ey o uw i t ha c u t t i n gl i n et h a tw i l l e n a b l ey o ut o f i t the pieceperfectlyin place.Youcan alsousea logbuilder'sscribe(page42) for this task.Scribinghas n u m e r o uasp p l i c a t i o nisn,c l u d i n h gelping to fit baseb o a r dt o a n u n e v e nf l o o r .

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CHECKING ANDTRUING A CARPENTER'S SOUARE T o c h e c kw h e t h ear c a r p e n t e rs' sq u a r ei s t r u e ,t a p ea s h e e to f p a p e rt o a p i e c eo f p l y w o o a d n d ,h o l d i n go n eo f t h e a r m so f t h e s q u a r ea g a i n sat n e d g eo f t h e p a n e l d, r a wa p e n c i a l l o n gt h e o t h e r a r m ,m a r k i n ga l i n ea c r o s tsh e p a p e rT. h e nt u r n t h e s q u a r eo v e r

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anddrawanother line,asshown at right.Thetwomarked lines should beparallel, lf not,thearmsarenotperpendicular to eachother, Truethesquare asshown below.

Totruea carpenter's square, beginbymarking a straight line between theinside andoutside corners of thesquare. lf the angle formed bythesquare isgreater than90', youwillneed to movethetwoarmscloser together: Place thetip of a center punchonthelinenearthesquare's outside corner andtapit wrtha ball-peen hammer. lf theangle is lessthan90', spread thearmsapartbytapping onthelinenearthesquare's inside corner(right). Truinga square mayrequire several taps,but checkyourprogress aftereachattempt.

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Cent.erpunch

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WORKSHO GPU I D E MIttINGELABORATE MOLDINGS Youcanusea combination of router bits,shaper cutters, or molding head knives to millan impressive array of molding designs ona workpiece-for a fraction of thecostof a specialtv

cutteror a lengthof custom-milled ogeecurvecuttermounted onthe molding, A decorative molding bitand tablesawcancreatecrownmolding coreboxbit,forexample, cantrans- (below,right). forma boardintoa chairrailmolding (below, left).A beadcutterandan

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W(|OD PATCHING COMPOUNDS TYPE

CHARACTERISTICS

USES

COMPATIBITITIES

Wood filler

Solvent-or water-based; depending on type,can be tintedwith stainor purchased pre{inted

Fillinglargeholes,gouges, cracksand dents

Compatible withmostfinishes; applyeitherbefore or afterstain

Waxstick

Wax-and resin-based; availablein a varietyof colors.

F i l l i n gs m a l lh o l e ss, c r a t c h e s and cracks

Maybe incompatible withlacquer; a p p l ya f t e fri n i s h i n g

Shellac stick

S h e l l a ca- n dr e s i n - b a s eadv; a i l a b l e in a varietyof colors.Setsquickly to form a hardsurface

Fillingscratches, dentsand gouges

M a yb ei n c o m p a t i b wliet ha l c o h o l or lacquer-based finishes; apply eitherbefore or afterfinishing

Shop-made filler

Sawdustmixedwith binder,such a s g l u eo r s h e l l a cc; a n b e t i n t e d with stain

Fillingnanowcracks,gaps a n ds m a l lh o l e s

Compatible withmostfinishes

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FINISHING NAITS "Penny" Rating: Untilthedevelopment of cutnailsat the TENGTH beginning of the19thCentury, nailswereforged individual"penny" "PENNY'' ly by hand.The system nowassociated withthe sizeof nailsreflected theircostbased onthegreater metal RATII{G INCHES content of larger nails.Thesystem isstillcommonly used, 2d butit is moreconfusing thanhelpful. Forsizesupto 10d, 3d I% youcancalculate a nail'sactuallength bydividing thepenny- +o ty, sizeby4 andadding %inch.Forexample, a 6d nailis 2 5d I% inches long(6 divided by4 plusY,inch= 2 inches;. 6d

DIAMETER (Gauge number) SHANK

HEAD

16% 15% I5 15

13v,

t5

I2%

T2 I2 10