Trichomoniasis, Herpes Genetalis, Syphilis 1t6u4t

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Sexually Transmitted Infection

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TRICHOMONIASIS

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DEFINITION  Cause by TRICHIMONAS VAGINALIS,

anaerobic protozoa that lives in the alkaline environment  May be spread by sexual

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION 

Vaginal or vulvar itching due to accompanied vulvitis

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Thin, malodorous, greenish yellow or frothy vaginal discharge (greater than 4.5 pH)

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Not transmitted thru placenta

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Males seldom present with any symptoms

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Vaginal or cervical erythem with multiple petechiae pr “strawberry spots”

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INTERVENTIONS 

Assist with mount preparations

Pharmacologic: 

Metronidazole or Tinadazole 3 times a day for 1 week for both partner

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Abstain from alcohol – 24 hrs after Metronidazole and 72 hrs after Tinadazole

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Flagyl – avoid with ETOH, do not give to pt under 14 yrs old

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If pregnant, use only metronidazole in the first trimester

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HERPES GENETALIS

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Caused by Herpes Simplex Virus II

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Transmission occurs by direct with the infected person

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Life long viral infection

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Virus may be killed at room temperature or by drying

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION 

Vesicles on the genetalia appear 2 to 20 days after exposure and lasts for almost 15 days

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Clusters on vulva, perinueom or perianal area

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Painful lesions that lasts for a week

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Flu – like symptoms during initial exposure or 3 – 4 days after lesions appear

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Itching and Redness noted

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INTERVENTION 

Assist with culture

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Acyclovir, Valacyclovir , Famciclovir reduces pr suppresses s/sx

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Abstain from sexual while lesions are present

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SYPHILIS

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Caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM

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Divided into three phases: primary, secondary and tertiary

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Transmitted by sexual with a person who has active spirochete lesions

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May cross placental barrier

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Infants are treated with Erythromycin eye ointment

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Primary Stage 

Painless chancre on genetalia, anus or mouth

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Lymphadenopathy – may not be noticed

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Lasts about 6 weeks then fades

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Secondary Stage 

2 – 4 wks primary chancre disappear the generalized macular , copper – colored appears

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Rash at the soles of the feet and palms of hands

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Positice serologic tests

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Hepatosplenomegaly

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Headache, anorexia

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Condylomata on the vulva

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Tertiary Stage 

Heart involvement, CVS

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CNS - paralysis

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INTERVENTIONS Primary Stage: 

Assist with scraping of chancre

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Treated with Penicillin

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Erythromycin is the alternative for penicillin

Secondary Stage 

Obtain for blood specimens for RPR (rapis plasma reagent – to check for non specific microorganism that may indicate Syphilis