Understanding Verb Tense 57513i
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Understanding verb tense
What are the verb tenses?
Present and present perfect Past and past perfect Future and future perfect Consistency of tense
What are the verb tenses?
Verbs do a lot of work in sentences. They show actions and states of being. They even take different forms to show time. flies flew
will fly
What are the verb tenses?
The tense of a verb indicates the time of the action or state of being expressed by the verb.
Perfect tenses indicate that something happened or existed before a specific point in time. Past
Past Past Perfect
Present
Present Present Perfect
Future
Future Future Perfect
She She Gwen will She has Gwen Gwen have had will played plays played played played playinguitar inthe last violin a inconcert band ten year in before aconcerts jazz for astomorrow. well. three then. band. byyears. April.
What are the verb tenses? The tenses of verbs are formed from the four principal parts of verbs. Base Form Present Participle Past Past Participle
smile
choose
[is] smil ing
[is] choos ing
smile d
cho se
[have] smile d
[have] cho sen
What are the verb tenses? Each tense has a progressive form, which is used to express continuing action or state of being. Present progressive
am, are, is talking
Past progressive
was, were talking
Future progressive
will (shall) be talking
Present perfect progressive
has, have been talking
Past perfect progressive
had been talking
Future perfect progressive
will (shall) have been talking
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present tense expresses an action or a state of being that is occurring now, at the present time. Today we honor our veterans.
Polly is marching in the parade. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present tense is also used in these ways: to show a customary or habitual action or state of being
We recycle our aluminum cans.
to express a general truth
The sun rises in the east.
to make historical events seem current (historical present)
In 1927, Charles Lindbergh flies nonstop across the Atlantic.
to discuss a literary work (literary present)
In Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck shows us the extremes of life during the depression.
to express future time
We travel to Utah next month.
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that occurred at an indefinite time in the past • is usually formed using the helping verb have or has plus the past participle Mike has been in several parades. He has played the drum in all of them.
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense is also used to express an action or state of being that began in the past and continues into the present. In this case, perfect means complete. Mr. Lee has taught music at our school since 2004. (Progressive form)
Yoko has been taking flute lessons for six years.
What are the verb tenses? Past and past perfect
The past tense expresses an action or a state of being that occurred in the past but did not continue into the present. The two friends shared the large swing.
They were swinging for a long time. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Past and past perfect
The past perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that ended before another past action or state of being occurred • is usually formed using had plus the past participle After Maria had gone home, Kim was bored. She asked her dad about the time that he had been a lifeguard at the beach.
What are the verb tenses? Future and future perfect
The future tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that will occur • is usually formed using will or shall plus the base form My family will ride the train to Chicago. We will be arriving at five o’clock. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Future and future perfect
The future perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that will end before another future action or state of being • is usually formed using will have or shall have plus the past participle By the time you receive this letter, she will have returned home. After this trip, he will have been to Chicago three times.
What are the verb tenses? On Your Own Change the tense of the verb in each sentence, as indicated in parentheses. 1. I do not miss the bus. (Change to future.) 2. Were they at the party? (Change to past perfect.) 3. By then, Keith had returned. (Change to future perfect.) 4. The team will practice for an hour with no break. (Change to future perfect progressive.) 5. My sister dances well. (Change to past.) [End of Section]
Consistency of tense
Do not change needlessly from one tense to another.
To describe events that occur at the same time, use verbs in the same tense. past tense
past tense
Sara peeked over the fence and saw a cornfield. present tense
present tense
Sara peeks over the fence and sees a cornfield.
Consistency of tense
For events that occur at different times, use verbs of different tenses to show the sequence of events. past tense
past perfect tense
The pitcher wished that he had practiced more before the game. The action of wishing happened after the action of practicing was complete.
Consistency of tense
For events that occur at different times, use verbs of different tenses to show the sequence of events. past tense
present tense
Yesterday, Nina told us that her brother works every week at the senior center. The action of telling occurred at a specific time in the past. The action of working occurs now.
Consistency of tense On Your Own Proofread the paragraph for unnecessary changes of verb tense. Change the verbs to make the tenses consistent. (1) I was in my room Saturday morning, planning to study for two hours. (2) To my surprise, Nancy Chang drops by. (3) She dashed into the house, runs up the stairs, and calls my name. (4) What she wanted was a fishing companion. (5) As I get my fishing gear together, I was so happy. (6) On our way to the lake, we notice some dark clouds. (7) We wished we checked the weather first.
[End of Section]
Review A Change the tense of each boldface verb to the tense indicated in parentheses. 1. The otter swam to the edge of the pond. (present perfect) 2. Our class will read Shakespeare’s Macbeth. (future progressive) 3. The three sisters regularly meet for lunch. (past) 4. Each student chooses a lab partner. (past perfect) 5. Wasps were entering the house through the torn screen. (present)
The End
What are the verb tenses?
Present and present perfect Past and past perfect Future and future perfect Consistency of tense
What are the verb tenses?
Verbs do a lot of work in sentences. They show actions and states of being. They even take different forms to show time. flies flew
will fly
What are the verb tenses?
The tense of a verb indicates the time of the action or state of being expressed by the verb.
Perfect tenses indicate that something happened or existed before a specific point in time. Past
Past Past Perfect
Present
Present Present Perfect
Future
Future Future Perfect
She She Gwen will She has Gwen Gwen have had will played plays played played played playinguitar inthe last violin a inconcert band ten year in before aconcerts jazz for astomorrow. well. three then. band. byyears. April.
What are the verb tenses? The tenses of verbs are formed from the four principal parts of verbs. Base Form Present Participle Past Past Participle
smile
choose
[is] smil ing
[is] choos ing
smile d
cho se
[have] smile d
[have] cho sen
What are the verb tenses? Each tense has a progressive form, which is used to express continuing action or state of being. Present progressive
am, are, is talking
Past progressive
was, were talking
Future progressive
will (shall) be talking
Present perfect progressive
has, have been talking
Past perfect progressive
had been talking
Future perfect progressive
will (shall) have been talking
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present tense expresses an action or a state of being that is occurring now, at the present time. Today we honor our veterans.
Polly is marching in the parade. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present tense is also used in these ways: to show a customary or habitual action or state of being
We recycle our aluminum cans.
to express a general truth
The sun rises in the east.
to make historical events seem current (historical present)
In 1927, Charles Lindbergh flies nonstop across the Atlantic.
to discuss a literary work (literary present)
In Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck shows us the extremes of life during the depression.
to express future time
We travel to Utah next month.
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that occurred at an indefinite time in the past • is usually formed using the helping verb have or has plus the past participle Mike has been in several parades. He has played the drum in all of them.
What are the verb tenses? Present and present perfect
The present perfect tense is also used to express an action or state of being that began in the past and continues into the present. In this case, perfect means complete. Mr. Lee has taught music at our school since 2004. (Progressive form)
Yoko has been taking flute lessons for six years.
What are the verb tenses? Past and past perfect
The past tense expresses an action or a state of being that occurred in the past but did not continue into the present. The two friends shared the large swing.
They were swinging for a long time. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Past and past perfect
The past perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that ended before another past action or state of being occurred • is usually formed using had plus the past participle After Maria had gone home, Kim was bored. She asked her dad about the time that he had been a lifeguard at the beach.
What are the verb tenses? Future and future perfect
The future tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that will occur • is usually formed using will or shall plus the base form My family will ride the train to Chicago. We will be arriving at five o’clock. (Progressive form)
What are the verb tenses? Future and future perfect
The future perfect tense
• expresses an action or a state of being that will end before another future action or state of being • is usually formed using will have or shall have plus the past participle By the time you receive this letter, she will have returned home. After this trip, he will have been to Chicago three times.
What are the verb tenses? On Your Own Change the tense of the verb in each sentence, as indicated in parentheses. 1. I do not miss the bus. (Change to future.) 2. Were they at the party? (Change to past perfect.) 3. By then, Keith had returned. (Change to future perfect.) 4. The team will practice for an hour with no break. (Change to future perfect progressive.) 5. My sister dances well. (Change to past.) [End of Section]
Consistency of tense
Do not change needlessly from one tense to another.
To describe events that occur at the same time, use verbs in the same tense. past tense
past tense
Sara peeked over the fence and saw a cornfield. present tense
present tense
Sara peeks over the fence and sees a cornfield.
Consistency of tense
For events that occur at different times, use verbs of different tenses to show the sequence of events. past tense
past perfect tense
The pitcher wished that he had practiced more before the game. The action of wishing happened after the action of practicing was complete.
Consistency of tense
For events that occur at different times, use verbs of different tenses to show the sequence of events. past tense
present tense
Yesterday, Nina told us that her brother works every week at the senior center. The action of telling occurred at a specific time in the past. The action of working occurs now.
Consistency of tense On Your Own Proofread the paragraph for unnecessary changes of verb tense. Change the verbs to make the tenses consistent. (1) I was in my room Saturday morning, planning to study for two hours. (2) To my surprise, Nancy Chang drops by. (3) She dashed into the house, runs up the stairs, and calls my name. (4) What she wanted was a fishing companion. (5) As I get my fishing gear together, I was so happy. (6) On our way to the lake, we notice some dark clouds. (7) We wished we checked the weather first.
[End of Section]
Review A Change the tense of each boldface verb to the tense indicated in parentheses. 1. The otter swam to the edge of the pond. (present perfect) 2. Our class will read Shakespeare’s Macbeth. (future progressive) 3. The three sisters regularly meet for lunch. (past) 4. Each student chooses a lab partner. (past perfect) 5. Wasps were entering the house through the torn screen. (present)
The End
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