Value Sensitive Design 263s2a

Value Sensitive Design CH R I S TINA MA GNI F ICO

Value Sensitive Design is… • an interactional theory developed by Batya Friedman and Peter Kahn at the University of Washington in the 1990’s • “a methodology that explicitly considers the values of s and other stakeholders in the design process” (Friedman, B., Kahn, P., & Borning, A., n.d.)

• a theory that wants you to ask questions • used to map the benefits and harms to values

Value Sensitive Design Process What is the product? What is it’s purpose?

Direct or Indirect

How will this affect/align with the values of stakeholders?

Have all values been evaluated and incorporated?

Source: University of Washington, 2013

What are the values in Value Sensitive Design? • What is a value? “A value refers to what a person or group of people consider important in life” (Lecture #6, 2009) or a moral import. Values of Moral Import Privacy

Trust

Human dignity

Respect for person

Intellectual property

Physical well-being

Psychological well-being

Informed consent

Access

Universal usability

Freedom from bias

Moral responsibility

Calmness

Moral ability Sources: Fisher; "Theories of Information Behavior“

Using Value Sensitive Design, you can easily see the connectivity between values of moral import. This allows direct stakeholders to better understand the needs of indirect stakeholders and thus provide better experiences overall.

Source: Burmeister, O., 2003

Value Sensitive Design • Adheres to a tripartite methodology which is one of the key features of VSD’s interactional perspective • A tripartite methodology is split into three separate processes • That include: • Conceptual investigations- “philosophically informed analyses of the central constructs and issues under investigation” (Friedman, B., Kahn, P., & Borning, A., 1997) • Empirical investigations- allow for further investigation of the information system design • Technical investigations- “focus on how existing technological properties and underlying mechanisms or hinder human values” (Friedman, B., Kahn, P., & Borning, A., 1997)

Tripartite Methodology

Source: University of Washington, 2013

So what is VSD used for? • Deg usability (ease of use) • Library science application: Organizing reference collections or database collections based on the values of a libraries community

• Designating conventions (standardization of technical protocols) • Library science application: Creating a library website that utilizes resources in a way that creates trust in the information among patrons

• ing for personal predilections (color preferences within a graphical interface) • Library science application: Deg eye-catching displays within a library in order to promote materials

Value Sensitive Design Moving Forward As the need for more organized information systems grows, the interest in Value Sensitive Design will increase. An ACM Digital Library study over ten years, showed that there was a consistent increase in the interest in human values as they pertain to the design of information systems.

What’s with all these ?! Interactional theory- A theory derived from social processes pulled from human interactions Direct stakeholders- Directly affected by technology and/or information (ex: Librarians and information professionals who have direct access to information resources) Indirect stakeholders- Indirectly affected by technology and/or information (ex: Library patrons and researchers) Tripartite methodology- a methodology consisting of three parts

QUESTIONS?

References • Borning, A. and Muller, M., (n.d.). Next steps for value sensitive design. Retrieved from http://dub.washington.edu/djangosite/media/papers/borning-muller-chi2012.pdf • Fisher, K., (2005). Value Sensitive Design. Theories of information behavior. Edited by Fisher, K., Erdelez, S., & McKechnie, L. (pp. 368-372). New Jersey: Information Today, Inc. • Friedman, B., Khan, P.H., & Borning, A . (n.d.). Value sensitive design and information systems. Retrieved from http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~goguen/courses/271/friedman04.pdf • Friedman, B., Kahn, P.H., & Borning, A. (n.d.). Value sensitive design : Theory and methods. Retrieved from http://www.urbansim.org/pub/Research/ResearchPapers/vsd-theory-methods-tr.pdf • Nathan, L.P., Friedman, B., Klasnja, P., Kane, S.k., & Miller, J.K. (n.d.). Envisioning systemic effects on persons and society throughout interactive system design. Retrieved from http://[ages.umbc.edu/~skane/pubs/dis08.pdf • Lecture # 6. (2009). Participatory and value-sensitive design [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from Interface and Design and Development http://www.docstoc.com/docs/46797350/Participatory-and-Value-Sensitive-Design • Value Sensitive Design. (2013). Research Lab. Retrieved from http://www.vsdesign.org/index.shtml

Images • Group 6. (2013, February 1). University of Washington [Video files]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/Jqqj6ZF21hk • Oliver K. Burmeister, John Weckert, Kirsty Williamson, (2011) "Seniors extend understanding of what constitutes universal values", Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, Vol. 9 Iss: 4, (pp.238 – 252). Retrieved from http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=17003905&show=html

“Everybody

thinks that when new technologies come along that they’re transparent and you can just do your job well on it. But technologies always import a whole new set of values with them.” - Brian Eno