Variant Configuration - Sap Sd 3wh2h
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Variant Configuration 20 January 2014
1
Variant Configuration Purpose
• •
• •
Market Competitiveness demands Products to be customized to the customers specific needs. The Product needs to be delivered in the shortest possible lead time at the most competitive prices
Customized products with complex and varying specifications. Products & services which are offered with both standard specs and with additional features. The customer determines the features of the product.
20 January 2014
2
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material
Material is created with Material Type-KMAT
20 January 2014
3
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material contd… Materials of other material types can be made configurable. To do this, set the Material is configurable indicator in the Basic data of the material master record.
20 January 2014
4
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material If you want to configure a material, you must create it with a material type that has the Classification view defined as allowed in Customizing.
20 January 2014
5
Variant Configuration Material Master data Settings You use central maintenance functions to create material master records for configurable materials. There is some data that you need to maintain specifically for configurable materials: X Basic Data Configurable Indicator
Sales
Item Category Group
0002 or 0004
Strategy Group
25 (PP Demand Management)
MRP Type
PD not ND
MRP Lot Size
EX
Availability Check
02
Individual/Collective Req..
1
MRP
20 January 2014
6
Variant Configuration Integration Variant configuration is integrated in the following applications:
SD Sales and Distribution - Order Entry & Pricing Conditions MM – Purchasing FICO – Costing PP – BOM, Production Orders, Task Lists, Routings, MRP Classification You can configure the following objects:
20 January 2014
Materials Standard networks in the Project System. PM General maintenance task lists Model service specifications
7
Variant Configuration Super BOM
The bill of material (BOM) of a configurable material contains all the components that are required to manufacture the material.
The BOM contains components that are only used for specific variants
BOM also contains components that are used in all variants. (non-variable parts)
This is why BOMs for configurable materials are known as super BOMs. 20 January 2014
8
Variant Configuration Features One Configurable Material can be used to cover all variants. No need to create separate Material Master for every variant of the product. Online Integration of all Modules – SD/MM/PP/FICO at the time of creating the order. Product Configuration in the order, MRP for BOM components, Cost determination, Creation of Routings & Task Lists for PP etc.
20 January 2014
9
Variant Configuration Features Characteristics: Characteristics are used to define the features of the configurable material.
Characteristics Values: Characteristics Values specify the characteristics. For Example: A PC may have the following Characteristics and Characteristics Values Characteristics
Characteristics Values
Motherboard
1. Intel 2. Gigabyte
Processor
1. Pentium IV 2.8 Ghz 2. AMD 2800 +
RAM
1. 256 MB 2. 512 MB
The Product can be customized by asg the characteristics values to the Characteristics as desired. 20 January 2014
10
Variant Configuration Features Class: In variant configuration, a class of class type 300 is used to hold the characteristics that describe a configurable material. By classifying the Configurable Material with the class the Material Lends itself to configuration based on the characteristics held by the class. Configuration Profile: Each configurable object must have a configuration profile. You maintain configuration profiles to define central settings for configuring the object. The configuration profile for a material controls the configuration process in the sales order.
20 January 2014
11
Variant Configuration Dependencies Dependencies:
Dependencies control the combinations of features.
Describe the interdependencies between Characteristics & Characteristic values.
20 January 2014
12
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Preconditions
Preconditions:
To hide characteristics and characteristic values that are not allowed. Ensure that the configuration of an object is consistent. Example: You want to hide the Characteristics Value AMD 2800 + if Intel Mother Board is selected because they can not go together. Precondition must be maintained for Characteristics Value – AMD 2800 + :
Motherboard = ‘Gigabyte’ ‘AMD 2800 +’ would show as a possible selection only if ‘Gigabyte’ is selected for Mother Board. 20 January 2014
13
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Selection Conditions: You can use selection conditions to ensure that all the objects relevant to a variant are selected:
Selection conditions determine which variants require a specific component or operation
Selection conditions determine when it is mandatory to assign a value to a characteristic
20 January 2014
14
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Example for Selection Condition for Characteristic selection: Under normal conditions RAM need not necessarily be selected. It is optional. However, if ‘Intel’ is selected for Motherboard then RAM becomes a Mandatory selection. Selection condition must be maintained for Characteristic – RAM : Motherboard = ‘Intel’ This ensures that a Value is selected for RAM if ‘Intel’ is selected for Motherboard for the Configuration to be consistent.
20 January 2014
15
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Example for Selection Condition for BOM Items: Selection condition must be maintained for BOM items: For BOM item - Intel - Selection condition would be : Motherboard = ‘Intel’ For BOM item - Gigabyte - Selection condition would be : Motherboard = ‘Gigabyte’ And so on…for all variant parts in the BOM.
20 January 2014
16
Variant Configuration Classes as BOM items Classes may also be maintained as BOM items :
Classes must be of Class type 200 or 300 only & must be allowed to be used as BOM items in the additional data tab of the Class.
All Characteristics Values under the class must be classified as
such.
All Characteristics Values which have been classified as above need not be maintained as BOM items. It is sufficient to maintain only the Class as a BOM item.
The same Value as the variant item must be assigned to the Characteristic in the Material Master of the Item.
On selection of the Value during configuration, the class item in the BOM is replaced by the Item itself and hence appears in the BOM explosion. 20 January 2014
17
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Procedures
Procedures : Used to infer values for characteristics. They are extensively used in Pricing. You can assign procedures to the following objects:
The characteristic value that triggers the procedure The characteristic that triggers the procedure The configuration profile of the configurable object BOM items – to change the component quantity, for example Procedures are processed in the sequence in which they are maintain for the object. 20 January 2014
18
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Procedures
Example for Inferring a Characteristics Value using a procedure: The Value for Characteristic RAM must be inferred as 256 MB if the Motherboard is ‘Intel’.
Following Procedure may be maintained in the Configuration Profile: $self.RAM =256MB if Motherboard = ‘Intel’
This ensures that RAM is set to 256MB on ‘Intel’ being selected for Motherboard.
20 January 2014
19
Variant Configuration Reference Characteristics Reference Characteristics:
The configuration of a material may also depend on certain fields in the R/3 system apart from selections.
A Characteristic becomes a Reference Characteristic when it refers to a Field in a Table/Structure.
This feature can be used to dynamically change certain data during configuration.
They can also be used to change the quantities in a BOM ( STPO – MENGE).
Reference Characteristics are used for Pricing & 20 January 2014
Costing also. 20
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Constraints
Constraints:
They are
mainly used to check the consistency of configuration.
They may also be used to infer values for Characteristics. They are maintained in dependency nets. Dependency nets are allocated to the configuration profile. The timing and sequence of processing a constraint is not relevant. 20 January 2014
21
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Constraints
Structure of a Constraint OBJECTS: PC IS_A (300) PC WHERE C = CASING;HD = HARD_DISK. CONDITION: PC. U = ‘586’ RESTRICTIONS: HD IN (‘1275’, ‘1620’, ‘2000’) IF C = ‘Tower’. INFERENCES: HD. 20 January 2014
22
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Variant Tables
Variant Tables:
Tables are used to store combinations of values for different characteristics.
Tables are an aid to entry for dependencies. You call the table function in a dependency.
The system uses the table to infer and check values for configuration consistency.
If the interdependencies between characteristics change, you change the table entries, not the dependencies
20 January 2014
23
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Variant Tables
Use of Variant Tables in constraints OBJECTS: PC IS_A (300) PC where HD = Harddisk; MB = Motherboard; CAB = Cabinet. RESTRICTIONS: TABLE PC_TAB (Harddisk = HD, Motherboard = MB, Cabinet = CAB). INFERENCES: FH. 20 January 2014
24
Variant Configuration Variant Conditions Variant Conditions: You can use variant conditions to define surcharges or discounts for a variant.
A reference Characteristic referring to SDCOM-VKOND is maintained as a characteristic in the class. This is a multi value characteristic. Variant conditions are maintained in Condition types VA00 & VA01 in Standard SAP. The configurable material & the Variant Key are key fields in the condition table to determine a discount or surcharge for the variant.
20 January 2014
25
Variant Configuration Variant Conditions Variant Conditions: contd … The variant key may be assigned to the Characteristic value either directly thru Configuration simulation or dynamically at the time of configuration thru Procedures or Constraints. The system populates the SDCOM structure with the variant keys against each value assigned The keys populated in the structure are used to find condition records to be brought into the order. 20 January 2014
26
Variant Configuration Material Variants
Material Variants:
For variants that are required frequently, you can create material variants, which can be produced without a sales order and kept in stock. When you receive a sales order, you can check whether the variant required is in stock, so that you can deliver immediately. 20 January 2014
27
THANK YOU 20 January 2014
28
1
Variant Configuration Purpose
• •
• •
Market Competitiveness demands Products to be customized to the customers specific needs. The Product needs to be delivered in the shortest possible lead time at the most competitive prices
Customized products with complex and varying specifications. Products & services which are offered with both standard specs and with additional features. The customer determines the features of the product.
20 January 2014
2
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material
Material is created with Material Type-KMAT
20 January 2014
3
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material contd… Materials of other material types can be made configurable. To do this, set the Material is configurable indicator in the Basic data of the material master record.
20 January 2014
4
Variant Configuration Defining a material as a configurable material If you want to configure a material, you must create it with a material type that has the Classification view defined as allowed in Customizing.
20 January 2014
5
Variant Configuration Material Master data Settings You use central maintenance functions to create material master records for configurable materials. There is some data that you need to maintain specifically for configurable materials: X Basic Data Configurable Indicator
Sales
Item Category Group
0002 or 0004
Strategy Group
25 (PP Demand Management)
MRP Type
PD not ND
MRP Lot Size
EX
Availability Check
02
Individual/Collective Req..
1
MRP
20 January 2014
6
Variant Configuration Integration Variant configuration is integrated in the following applications:
SD Sales and Distribution - Order Entry & Pricing Conditions MM – Purchasing FICO – Costing PP – BOM, Production Orders, Task Lists, Routings, MRP Classification You can configure the following objects:
20 January 2014
Materials Standard networks in the Project System. PM General maintenance task lists Model service specifications
7
Variant Configuration Super BOM
The bill of material (BOM) of a configurable material contains all the components that are required to manufacture the material.
The BOM contains components that are only used for specific variants
BOM also contains components that are used in all variants. (non-variable parts)
This is why BOMs for configurable materials are known as super BOMs. 20 January 2014
8
Variant Configuration Features One Configurable Material can be used to cover all variants. No need to create separate Material Master for every variant of the product. Online Integration of all Modules – SD/MM/PP/FICO at the time of creating the order. Product Configuration in the order, MRP for BOM components, Cost determination, Creation of Routings & Task Lists for PP etc.
20 January 2014
9
Variant Configuration Features Characteristics: Characteristics are used to define the features of the configurable material.
Characteristics Values: Characteristics Values specify the characteristics. For Example: A PC may have the following Characteristics and Characteristics Values Characteristics
Characteristics Values
Motherboard
1. Intel 2. Gigabyte
Processor
1. Pentium IV 2.8 Ghz 2. AMD 2800 +
RAM
1. 256 MB 2. 512 MB
The Product can be customized by asg the characteristics values to the Characteristics as desired. 20 January 2014
10
Variant Configuration Features Class: In variant configuration, a class of class type 300 is used to hold the characteristics that describe a configurable material. By classifying the Configurable Material with the class the Material Lends itself to configuration based on the characteristics held by the class. Configuration Profile: Each configurable object must have a configuration profile. You maintain configuration profiles to define central settings for configuring the object. The configuration profile for a material controls the configuration process in the sales order.
20 January 2014
11
Variant Configuration Dependencies Dependencies:
Dependencies control the combinations of features.
Describe the interdependencies between Characteristics & Characteristic values.
20 January 2014
12
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Preconditions
Preconditions:
To hide characteristics and characteristic values that are not allowed. Ensure that the configuration of an object is consistent. Example: You want to hide the Characteristics Value AMD 2800 + if Intel Mother Board is selected because they can not go together. Precondition must be maintained for Characteristics Value – AMD 2800 + :
Motherboard = ‘Gigabyte’ ‘AMD 2800 +’ would show as a possible selection only if ‘Gigabyte’ is selected for Mother Board. 20 January 2014
13
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Selection Conditions: You can use selection conditions to ensure that all the objects relevant to a variant are selected:
Selection conditions determine which variants require a specific component or operation
Selection conditions determine when it is mandatory to assign a value to a characteristic
20 January 2014
14
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Example for Selection Condition for Characteristic selection: Under normal conditions RAM need not necessarily be selected. It is optional. However, if ‘Intel’ is selected for Motherboard then RAM becomes a Mandatory selection. Selection condition must be maintained for Characteristic – RAM : Motherboard = ‘Intel’ This ensures that a Value is selected for RAM if ‘Intel’ is selected for Motherboard for the Configuration to be consistent.
20 January 2014
15
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Selection Conditions
Example for Selection Condition for BOM Items: Selection condition must be maintained for BOM items: For BOM item - Intel - Selection condition would be : Motherboard = ‘Intel’ For BOM item - Gigabyte - Selection condition would be : Motherboard = ‘Gigabyte’ And so on…for all variant parts in the BOM.
20 January 2014
16
Variant Configuration Classes as BOM items Classes may also be maintained as BOM items :
Classes must be of Class type 200 or 300 only & must be allowed to be used as BOM items in the additional data tab of the Class.
All Characteristics Values under the class must be classified as
such.
All Characteristics Values which have been classified as above need not be maintained as BOM items. It is sufficient to maintain only the Class as a BOM item.
The same Value as the variant item must be assigned to the Characteristic in the Material Master of the Item.
On selection of the Value during configuration, the class item in the BOM is replaced by the Item itself and hence appears in the BOM explosion. 20 January 2014
17
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Procedures
Procedures : Used to infer values for characteristics. They are extensively used in Pricing. You can assign procedures to the following objects:
The characteristic value that triggers the procedure The characteristic that triggers the procedure The configuration profile of the configurable object BOM items – to change the component quantity, for example Procedures are processed in the sequence in which they are maintain for the object. 20 January 2014
18
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Procedures
Example for Inferring a Characteristics Value using a procedure: The Value for Characteristic RAM must be inferred as 256 MB if the Motherboard is ‘Intel’.
Following Procedure may be maintained in the Configuration Profile: $self.RAM =256MB if Motherboard = ‘Intel’
This ensures that RAM is set to 256MB on ‘Intel’ being selected for Motherboard.
20 January 2014
19
Variant Configuration Reference Characteristics Reference Characteristics:
The configuration of a material may also depend on certain fields in the R/3 system apart from selections.
A Characteristic becomes a Reference Characteristic when it refers to a Field in a Table/Structure.
This feature can be used to dynamically change certain data during configuration.
They can also be used to change the quantities in a BOM ( STPO – MENGE).
Reference Characteristics are used for Pricing & 20 January 2014
Costing also. 20
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Constraints
Constraints:
They are
mainly used to check the consistency of configuration.
They may also be used to infer values for Characteristics. They are maintained in dependency nets. Dependency nets are allocated to the configuration profile. The timing and sequence of processing a constraint is not relevant. 20 January 2014
21
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Constraints
Structure of a Constraint OBJECTS: PC IS_A (300) PC WHERE C = CASING;HD = HARD_DISK. CONDITION: PC. U = ‘586’ RESTRICTIONS: HD IN (‘1275’, ‘1620’, ‘2000’) IF C = ‘Tower’. INFERENCES: HD. 20 January 2014
22
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Variant Tables
Variant Tables:
Tables are used to store combinations of values for different characteristics.
Tables are an aid to entry for dependencies. You call the table function in a dependency.
The system uses the table to infer and check values for configuration consistency.
If the interdependencies between characteristics change, you change the table entries, not the dependencies
20 January 2014
23
Variant Configuration Dependencies
Variant Tables
Use of Variant Tables in constraints OBJECTS: PC IS_A (300) PC where HD = Harddisk; MB = Motherboard; CAB = Cabinet. RESTRICTIONS: TABLE PC_TAB (Harddisk = HD, Motherboard = MB, Cabinet = CAB). INFERENCES: FH. 20 January 2014
24
Variant Configuration Variant Conditions Variant Conditions: You can use variant conditions to define surcharges or discounts for a variant.
A reference Characteristic referring to SDCOM-VKOND is maintained as a characteristic in the class. This is a multi value characteristic. Variant conditions are maintained in Condition types VA00 & VA01 in Standard SAP. The configurable material & the Variant Key are key fields in the condition table to determine a discount or surcharge for the variant.
20 January 2014
25
Variant Configuration Variant Conditions Variant Conditions: contd … The variant key may be assigned to the Characteristic value either directly thru Configuration simulation or dynamically at the time of configuration thru Procedures or Constraints. The system populates the SDCOM structure with the variant keys against each value assigned The keys populated in the structure are used to find condition records to be brought into the order. 20 January 2014
26
Variant Configuration Material Variants
Material Variants:
For variants that are required frequently, you can create material variants, which can be produced without a sales order and kept in stock. When you receive a sales order, you can check whether the variant required is in stock, so that you can deliver immediately. 20 January 2014
27
THANK YOU 20 January 2014
28
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