Weatherford Centralizer 3r576y
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Mechanical Cementing Products
The Largest and Most Complete Line of The Weatherford Technique
Product Testing
For the last half century, the industry has depended on Weatherford to provide quality equipment for its primary cementing needs. Weatherford now offers the world's largest and most complete line of cementing products - not just a partial solution. As the recognized specialists in the field, Weatherford provides the broadest product offering, innovative tool designs, the latest in manufacturing technology, combined with the backing of experienced engineers to analyze the well and make detailed recommendations for satisfying your cementation objectives. From the beginning of the cementing job to its conclusion, Weatherford provides complete assistance to make sure that job runs properly. Weatherford strives to provide customers with the lowest cementing costs possible.
Weatherford technicians regularly perform destructive tests to assure that Weatherford products continue to meet the highest standards, exceeding even those of the American Petroleum Institute. Weatherford commitment to the industry involves providing efficient products to meet real well conditions. Weatherford's main manufacturing plants are licensed to use the API monogram.
That's the Weatherford technique. CentraPro Plus® Software Program The mechanical cementing products installation pattern, as part of the total cementing program, should be based on individual well conditions and operating objectives. To assist in developing the most effective program for a well, Weatherford has developed the CentraPro Plus program, a sophisticated lateral load software program designed to provide optimum deployment of cementation products in the well. This innovative program utilizes three dimensional analysis to calculate the lateral forces as well Engineering
CONTENTS
Weatherford's experienced cementing engineers are available worldwide to help ensure the correct implementation of the cementing program and the proper installation of each piece of equipment. The onsite engineers continually monitor the well and can quickly adapt the program to unforeseen conditions.
Welded Centralizers...................2(inside cover) Non-Weld Centralizers ...............3(inside cover) SPIRAGLIDER® Centralizers .....4 Centralizers (non-weld) ..............5 Centralizers (welded) .................9 Flow Enhancement Tools ...........14 Weatherford's cementing engineers at the wellsite.
After job completion, Weatherford engineers evaluate the performance data of the well and, by comparing it with other similar cementations, can help customers prepare for future cementing jobs.
1
Weatherford's specially-designed test procedures monitor products under abnormal conditions.
Roller Centralizers ....................15 Stop Collars ...............................16 Specialty Tools ...........................17 Installation Patterns ...................19
Primary Cementing Tools Found Anywhere WELDED CENTRALIZERS API SPECIFICATION
INTEGRAL HINGES
Centralizers are manufactured for all common casing/hole size combinations...assurance that Weatherford centralizers are of a consistently high quality.
Have eight sections and seven shear points for maximum load capacity. Hinges wrap to the inside, against the casing, for optimum design strength.
BOW SPRINGS
Are performed on every centralizer to size and fit.
High quality spring steel undergoes special heat treatment to achieve maximum centering power and minimum running resistance.
ROLL-FORMED RIDGE
HINGE PINS
Around end collars provide extra rigidity, minimizes outof-round distortion in shipping or storage, and makes a streamlined leading edge to prevent hanging up.
Embody a self-locking design that will not work loose, yet they tap easily into place.
RIGID QUALITY CONTROL TESTS
SUPER-STRONG WELDS And maximum weld length are the product of Weatherford’s patented automatic welding equipment. Assuring ultimate strength and uniformity in every weld.
For Excellent Performance Under Tensile Stress Weatherford welded centralizers have been providing excellent service for over 50 years. They are the result of high quality materials, coupled with the most advanced manufacturing processes, including proprietary robotics technology and automatic centralizer welding. Consistency is foremost in Weatherford’s goal of assuring performance excellence at the wellsite. Special high strength steel springs are made to design specifications. End collars are uniquely designed with integral hinges and self-locking hinge pins. The centralizer ribs are engineered to maintain rigidity while providing a streamlined profile in the wellbore. Testing centralizers for stress confirms that they will run under demanding conditions without distortion or destruction.
2
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
EXTENDED PROFILE Prevents bows from hitting against casing collar.
EXCEEDS THE REQUIREMENTS OF API SPECIFICATION 10D With exceptional starting and restoring performance.
HIGH QUALITY BOWS Uniform bow hardness.
CHOICE OF BOWS
FIELD ASSEMBLY
Weatherford offers five basic designs with additional configurations available. The bows can be made in stainless steel and in sizes to match any well profile.
All bow combinations can be field assembled to reduce shipping costs.
HINGES END COLLARS
Turned inward for maximum strength.
Non-weld models feature heavy gauge steel with extra strong hinges.
LOCKING TAB Each bow locks in place securely with patented tab.*
SELF LOCKING HINGE PIN For easy and sure installation.
For Excellent Performance While Under Compression More than 50 years experience has gone into the design, manufacture and continual improvement of the Weatherford nonweld centralizers. Weatherford’s newest generation of products reflects that experience. They are built for use in the most demanding conditions. Starting with the uniformity of the bow hardness to the heavy gauge end collars, they provide a ruggedness for just about any application. These products exceed the requirements for API Specification 10D. Testing centralizers for compression assures that the centralizers can withstand very high forces when running casing. The test, illustrated at left, shows that a damaged centralizer will still remain intact under severe conditions.
3
SPIRAGLIDER® Highly Deviated And Horizontal Well Centralizer System*
OPTIMIZED HYDRODYNAMICS AND FLOW-BY AREA
STEEL CONSTRUCTION
Hydrodynamic shape of spiral fins allows optimal mud displacement and minimal pressure drop across centralizer. Induced vortex flows enable superior mud removal.
The SPIRAGLIDER system is made of steel, giving it a toughness advantage over other materials and alloys.
SHAPED TO MINIMIZE RUNNING RESISTANCE Both spiral and straight fin designs minimize drag forces while running pipe. The fins glide smoothly on the low side of horizontal boreholes.
PRE-DEFINED FIN LOAD RESISTANCE SPIRAGLIDER fin design resists high sideloads, yet are engineered to intentionally yield at predetermined sideforce under stuck-pipe conditions.
SMOOTH SURFACE Wide symmetrical fins are smoothly beveled on both ends to have lower coefficient of friction and to ease casing movement in either direction.
UNIQUE STOP COLLARS Provide protection for the centralizer’s leading edge and performs as a positioning device.
Typical Average Coefficient of Friction**
Coefficient of Friction
0.12 **Valid for water/bentonite, water/chalk and oil base mud, according to a study by the Institute of Tribology, Technical University of Clausthal,
0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 n Zinc
The Weatherford SPIRAGLIDER centralizers are the newest innovations in a broad offering of cementation products. They were designed specifically for highly deviated or horizontal wells and are ideal for use with liner hangers. The SPIRAGLIDER system consists of a STEEL centralizer and two asymmetrically beveled stop collars.The SPIRAGLIDER centralizer’s unique design features allow them to run in restricted holes while yielding reduced wear and a low coefficient of friction for minimal drag. They promote optimal mud displacement during cementation, utilizing fins that create a vortex motion for superior mud removal. The SPIRAGLIDER construction is tough and gives maximum standoff and wear resistance.
n Steel
4
STA 0
STA 1
STA 3
STA 3
STA 4
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS Pipe OD Height
STRAIGHT BOW CENTRALIZERS Weatherford’s non-weld straight centralizers are the result of more than 50 years of field experience and laboratory testing. This newest design has features making them ideal for both tubing and casing applications. ? Non-weld design eliminates weak spots. ? Choice of standard bow heights assures optimum starting/restoring force criteria. ? Patented locking tabs hold bows in the collars. ? High-quality, spring-steel bows and specially designed collar hinges provide reliable downhole performance.
Non-Weld Straight Centralizer
Centralizer Bow Configurations
Weatherford markets straight centralizer bows in several standard sizes and provides a variety of bow configurations for special applications. If your well plan requires a special design, your local Weatherford representative. NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZER BOW HEIGHTS
? Available in stainless steel.
STA0
STA1
STA2
STA3
STA4
In.
0.965
1.161
1.437
2.303
3.051
mm
24.5
29.5
36.5
58.5
77.5
Non-Weld Straight Centralizers Casing Size Bow Type (in.) 4"
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
5
Maximum O.D.
Min. Compressed O.D.
in.
mm
in.
mm
ST A0
6.186
157.1
4.965
126.1
ST A1
6.579
167.1
5.201
ST A2
7.131
181.1
5.201
ST A3
8.902
226.1
ST A4
10.398
ST A0
Casing Size Bow Type (in.)
Maximum O.D.
Min. Compressed O.D.
in.
mm
in.
mm
ST A0
13.010
330.5
11.790
299.5
132.1
ST A1
13.404
340.5
12.026
305.5
132.1
ST A2
13.955
354.5
12.026
305.5
5.201
132.1
ST A3
15.727
399.5
12.026
305.5
264.1
5.201
132.1
ST A4
17.223
437.5
12.026
305.5
6.691
169.9
5.470
138.9
ST A0
14.023
356.2
12.802
352.2
ST A1
7.084
179.9
5.706
144.9
ST A1
14.417
366.2
13.039
331.2
ST A2
7.636
193.9
5.706
144.9
ST A2
14.968
380.2
13.039
331.2
ST A3
9.407
238.9
5.706
144.9
ST A3
16.739
425.2
13.039
331.2
ST A4
10.903
276.9
5.706
144.9
ST A4
18.235
463.2
13.039
331.2
ST A0
7.196
182.8
5.975
151.8
ST A0
15.668
398.0
14.448
367.0
ST A1
7.589
192.8
6.211
157.8
ST A1
16.062
408.0
14.684
373.0
ST A2
8.141
206.8
6.211
157.8
ST A2
16.613
422.0
14.684
373.0
ST A3
9.912
251.8
6.211
157.8
ST A3
18.385
467.0
14.684
373.0
ST A4
11.408
289.8
6.211
157.8
ST A4
19.881
505.0
14.684
373.0
ST A0
7.701
195.6
6.480
164.6
ST A0
18.326
465.5
17.106
434.5
ST A1
8.094
205.6
6.716
170.6
ST A1
18.720
475.5
17.342
440.5
ST A2
8.646
219.6
6.716
170.6
ST A2
19.271
489.5
17.342
440.5
ST A3
10.417
264.6
6.716
170.6
ST A3
21.043
534.5
17.342
440.5
ST A4
11.913
302.6
6.716
170.6
ST A4
22.539
572.5
17.342
440.5
ST A0
8.837
224.5
7.616
193.0
ST A0
20.984
533.0
19.763
502.0
ST A1
9.231
234.5
7.853
199.5
ST A1
21.377
543.0
20.000
508.0
ST A2
9.782
248.5
7.853
199.5
ST A2
21.929
557.0
20.000
508.0
ST A3
11.553
293.5
7.853
199.5
ST A3
23.700
602.0
20.000
508.0
ST A4
13.050
331.5
7.853
199.5
ST A4
25.196
640.0
20.000
508.0
ST A0
9.216
234.1
7.995
203.1
ST A0
22.376
568.4
21.156
537.4
ST A1
9.609
244.1
8.231
209.1
ST A1
22.770
578.4
21.392
543.4
ST A2
10.161
258.1
8.231
209.1
ST A2
23.321
592.4
21.392
543.4
ST A3
11.932
303.1
8.231
209.1
ST A3
25.093
637.4
21.392
543.4
ST A4
13.428
341.1
8.231
209.1
ST A4
26.589
675.4
21.392
543.4
ST A0
9.847
250.1
8.626
219.1
ST A0
26.426
671.2
25.206
640.2
ST A1
10.241
260.1
8.863
225.1
ST A1
26.820
681.2
25.442
646.2
ST A2
10.792
274.1
8.863
225.1
ST A2
27.371
695.2
25.442
646.2
ST A3
12.563
319.1
8.863
225.1
ST A3
29.143
740.2
25.442
646.2
ST A4
14.060
357.1
8.863
225.1
ST A4
30.639
778.2
25.442
646.2
ST A0
10.857
275.8
9.636
244.8
ST A0
28.451
722.7
27.231
691.7
ST A1
11.251
285.8
9.873
250.8
ST A1
28.845
732.7
27.467
697.7
ST A2
11.802
299.8
9.873
250.8
ST A2
29.396
746.7
27.467
697.7
ST A3
13.573
344.8
9.873
250.8
ST A3
31.168
791.7
27.467
697.7
ST A4
15.070
382.8
9.873
250.8
ST A4
32.664
829.7
27.467
697.7
ST A0
11.867
301.4
10.646
270.4
ST A0
32.501
825.5
31.281
794.5
ST A1
12.261
311.4
10.883
276.4
ST A1
32.895
835.5
31.517
800.5
ST A2
12.812
325.4
10.883
276.4
ST A2
33.446
849.5
31.517
800.5
ST A3
14.583
370.4
10.883
276.4
ST A3
35.218
894.5
31.517
800.5
ST A4
16.080
408.4
10.883
276.4
ST A4
36.714
932.5
31.517
800.5
10-3/4"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
16"
18-5/8"
20"
24"
26"
30"
Standard Bow Heights
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS Tandem Rise Bow Profiles
TANDEM RISE™ BOW CENTRALIZERS This special design increases the ratio of restoring force to moving force. It has the ability to withstand high lateral loads encountered in horizontal holes. The non-weld design increases its ability to withstand compressive loading while running in the wellbore. It is available for close tolerance applications and can be installed over casing couplings and stop collars.
Bow Spring Number
"X" Bow thickness
"X" Bow Height
"Z" Max. Coupling Length Based on Coupling 1" Above Casing Size
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
TR1
0.171
4.35
0.8
20.32
14-1/8"
358.8*
TR2
0.171
4.35
1.171
29.74
14-1/8"
358.8
TR3
0.171
4.35
1.421
36.09
14-1/8"
358.8
55.14
14-1/8"
358.8
? Better standoff for increased mud removal
TR4 0.171 4.35 2.171 Note: 1) All bows 1-1/2" (38.1 mm) wide
? Reduced drag while running pipe
*Based on 5/8" clearance for coupling
Benefits include:
? Reduced wall sticking for easier pipe
movement ? Increased area for less bow
NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZERS – TUBING
penetration into the formation
Tubing centralizers can be effective in tubingless completions, for guiding and stabbing tubing into downhole equipment or in reducing frictional drag in deviated holes. They can also be used to center wireline tools, to protect control lines and cables, or to prevent wear on tubing and casing due to thermal expansion and contraction. For optimum tubing concentricity, Weatherford recommends the use of positive tubing centralizers inside casing.
? Complete mud removal while cementing
NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZERS – TUBING
in.
mm
in.
mm
2-3/8"
STTI
5-1/8"
130
3-3/8"
86
STTII
5-1/2"
140
3-1/2"
89
STTIII
7-1/4"
184
3-1/2"
89
STTIV
8-1/2"
216
3-1/2"
89
STTI
5-5/8"
143
3-7/8"
98
STTII
6"
153
4"
102
3-1/2"
TR 1
Z
Y
Minimum Compressed Bow O.D.
Bow Type
2-7/8"
X
Maximum Bow O.D.
Size (in.)
STTIII
7-3/4"
197
4"
102
STTIV
9"
229
4"
102
STTI
6-1/4"
159
4-1/2"
114
STTII
6-5/8"
169
4-5/8"
117
STTIII
8-3/8"
213
4-5/8"
117
STTIV
9-5/8"
245
4-5/8"
117
TR 2
* When bows are completely compressed, these figures represent the centralizer’s largest rigid diameter presented by the bow, the hinge or any other part.
TR 3
NOTE: STI AND STII centralizers should not be installed over any casing collar or stop collar.
TR 4
6
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING CENTRALIZER SUB
The Bow Spring Centralizer Sub meets the demands of ultra-tight clearance casing strings. Where special drilling requirements demand that casing be run in previous casing or open hole with close tolerances, this tool allows ing very tight restrictions, followed by expansion into an under reamed hole. The Bow Spring Centralizer Sub offers numerous advantages, including: ? Combines slim hole capabilities with the
quality of Weatherford’s welded centralizers ? Runs inside ultra-tight clearances
Casing Size*
Previous Casing Min. Drift I.D.
Open Hole Size
Number of Bow Springs
4.500
5.000
5-3/4" - 9-7/8"
4
5.000
5.500
6" - 10-5/8"
4
5.500
6.000
6-1/2" - 10-5/8"
4
7.000
7.500
7-7/8" - 12-1/4"
4
7.625
8.125
8-1/2" - 12-1/4"
6
8.625
9.125
9-5/8" - 12-1/2"
6
9.625
10.125
10-1/2" - 14-3/4"
6
10.750
11.250
12-1/4" - 15-1/2"
6
11.750
12.250
13-1/2" - 16"
6
13.375
14.000
14-3/4" - 17-1/2"
8
Bow Spring Centralizer SUB*
*Special Tools Available 16” - 24”
? Centralizer bows recess completely into
tool body then expands for casing centering in open or underreamed sections POSITIVE CENTRALIZERS
? Allows maximum fluid by area to
? Non-weld design
Weatherford’s non-weld positive centralizers are available for both tubing and casing applications. They significantly reduce frictional drag when used in deviated holes, and can provide nearly 100 percent standoff (concentricity) when run inside a cased hole.
minimize the impact on circulating pressure
Non-Weld Positive Centralizer
Concentric casing strings facilitate liner and packer positioning, stage cementing, surface cementing, slip and packoff installation, and wellabandonment. Weatherford’s nonweld positive centralizers offer the following features:
eliminates weak (brittle) spots ? U-profile bow design
permits maximum fluid age. ? Available with solid
bows. ? Patented locking tabs
hold bows in the collars ? Can be transported
unassembled to reduce ? Large selection of bow
sizes, shipping costs.
Non-Weld Positive Centralizers – Casing Bow Type / Maximum Box O.D. Size (in.)
7
PO1
PO2
PO3
PO4
PO5
PO6
PO7
PO8
PO9
PO10
PO11
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
4"
5-1/8"
130.2
5-1/2"
139.7
5-7/8"
149.2
6-1/8"
155.6
6-1/8"
165.1
6-7/8"
174.6
7-1/4"
184.2
7-5/8"
183.7
8-7/8"
225.4
10-3/8"
263.5
5-7/8"
149.2
4-1/2"
5-5/8"
142.9
6"
152.4
6-3/8"
161.9
6-5/8"
168.3
7"
203.2
7-3/8"
187.3
7-3/4"
196.9
8-1/8"
206.4
9-3/8"
238.1
10-7/8"
276.2
6-3/8"
161.9
5"
6-1/8"
155.6
6-1/2"
165.1
6-7/8"
174.6
7-1/8"
181.0
7-1/2"
190.5
7-7/8"
200.0
8-1/4"
209.6
8-5/8"
219.1
9-7/8"
250.8
11-3/8"
288.9
6-7/8"
174.6
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
168.3
7"
177.8
7-3/8"
187.3
7-5/8"
193.7
8"
228.6
8-3/8"
212.7
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.6
10-3/8"
263.5
11-7/8"
301.6
7-3/8"
187.9
6-5/8"
7-3/4"
196.9
8-1/8"
206.4
8-1/2"
215.9
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-7/8"
250.8
10-1/4"
260.4
11-1/2"
292.1
13"
355.6
8-1/2"
215.9
7"
8-1/8"
206.4
8-1/2"
215.9
8-7/8"
225.4
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-7/8"
250.8
10-1/4"
260.4
10-5/8"
269.9
11-7/8"
301.6
13-3/8"
339.7
8-7/8"
225.4
7-5/8"
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-3/4"
247.7
10-1/8"
257.2
10-1/2"
266.7
10-7/8"
276.2
11-1/4"
285.8
12-1/2"
317.5
14"
381.0
9-1/2"
241.3
8-5/8"
9-3/4"
247.7
10-1/8"
257.2
10-1/2"
266.7
10-3/4"
273.1
11-1/8"
282.6
11-1/2"
292.1
11-7/8"
301.6
12-1/4"
311.2
13-1/2"
342.9
15"
406.4
10-1/2"
266.7
8-5/8"
10-3/4"
273.1
11-1/8"
282.6
11-1/2"
292.1
11-3/4"
298.5
12-1/8"
308.0
12-1/2"
317.5
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
338.6
14-1/2"
368.3
16"
431.8
11-1/2"
292.1
10-3/4"
11-7/8"
301.6
12-1/4"
311.2
12-5/8"
320.7
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
336.6
13-5/8"
346.1
14"
381.0
14-3/8"
365.1
15-1/2"
393.7
17-1/8"
435.0
12-5/8"
320.7
11-3/4"
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
336.6
13-5/8"
346.1
13-7/8"
352.4
14-1/4"
362.0
14-5/8"
371.5
15"
406.4
15-3/8"
390.5
16-1/2"
419.1
18-1/8"
460.4
13-5/8"
346.1
13-3/8"
14-1/2"
368.3
14-7/8"
377.8
15-1/4"
387.4
15-1/2"
393.7
15-7/8"
403.2
16-1/4"
412.8
18-5/8"
422.3
17"
457.2
18-1/4"
463.6
19-3/4"
501.7
15-1/4"
387.4
16"
17-1/8"
435.0
17-1/2"
444.5
17-7/8"
454.0
18-1/8"
460.4
18-1/2"
469.9
18-7/8"
479.4
19-1/4"
489.0
19-5/8"
496.6
20-7/8"
530.2
22-3/8"
568.3
17-7/8"
454.0
18-5/8"
19-3/4"
501.7
20-1/2"
511.2
20-1/2"
520.7
20-3/4"
527.1
21-1/8"
538.8
21-1/2"
546.1
21-7/8"
555.6
22-3/8"
568.3
23-1/2"
596.9
25-1/8"
638.2
20-1/2"
520.7
20"
21-1/8"
536.6
21-7/8"
546.1
21-7/8"
555.6
22-1/8"
562.0
22-1/2"
571.5
22-7/8"
581.0
23-1/4"
590.6
23-3/4"
603.3
24-7/8"
631.8
26-1/2"
673.1
21-7/8"
555.6
24"
25-1/8"
638.2
25-1/2"
647.7
25-7/8"
657.2
26-1/8"
663.6
26-1/2"
673.1
27"
711.2
27-3/8"
695.3
27-3/4"
704.9
28-7/8"
733.4
30-1/2"
774.7
25-7/8"
657.2
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING SELECTION GUIDE NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
CENTRALIZER SELECTION
Casing Size (in.)
Bow Type
Preferred Hole Size Combination (in.)
Casing Size (in.)
Bow Type
Preferred Hole Size Combination (in.)
4"
ST A0
--
10-3/4"
ST A0
12-1/4"
ST A1
--
ST A1
12-1/4"
ST A2
6-5/8"
ST A2
12-5/8"
ST A3
--
ST A3
13-1/2"
ST A4
--
ST A4
14-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A0
6", 6-1/8", 6-1/4"
ST A0
--
ST A1
6-1/2", 6-3/4"
ST A1
--
ST A2
--
ST A2
13-1/2"
ST A3
8-1/2", 8-3/4"
ST A3
12-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A4
9-7/8", 10-5/8"
ST A4
17-1/2"
ST A0
6-1/4", 6-1/2"
ST A1
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-1/2"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
ST A0
--
6-3/4"
ST A1
14-3/4"
ST A2
--
ST A2
15-1/2"
ST A3
8-1/2", 8-3/4"
ST A3
16"
ST A4
10-5/8", 11"
ST A4
17-1/2"
ST A0
6-5/8", 6-1/2", 6-3/4"
ST A0
17-1/2"
ST A1
--
ST A1
--
ST A2
7-1/8"
ST A2
18-1/2"
ST A3
8-3/8", 8-1/2", 8-3/4", 9-7/8"
ST A3
18-1/2"
ST A4
10-5/8", 11"
ST A4
20", 22"
ST A0
7-7/8"
ST A0
--
ST A1
8-1/2", 8-5/8"
ST A1
--
ST A2
8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A2
--
ST A3
10-5/8", 11"
ST A3
22"
ST A4
24"
ST A0
--
16"
18-5/8"
ST A4
12-1/4"
ST A0
8-3/8", 8-1/2"
ST A1
8-1/2", 8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A1
--
ST A2
8-1/2", 8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A2
22"
ST A3
10-5/8", 11"
ST A3
--
ST A4
12-1/4"
ST A4
24", 26"
20"
ST A0
--
ST A0
--
ST A1
9-1/2"
24"
ST A1
--
ST A2
9-7/8"
ST A2
26"
ST A3
12-1/4"
ST A3
--
ST A4
13-1/2"
ST A4
28"
ST A0
9-3/4", 9-7/8"
ST A0
--
ST A1
10-5/8"
ST A1
--
ST A2
--
ST A2
--
ST A3
12-1/4"
ST A3
--
ST A4
13-1/2"
ST A4
30", 32"
26"
ST A0
--
ST A0
--
ST A1
11"
30"
ST A1
--
ST A2
11-3/8"
ST A2
--
ST A3
11-3/4", 12-1/4", 12-1/2", 12-5/8"
ST A3
32"
ST A4
14-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A4
34", 36"
To select the right product for application, basic considerations need to be examined. To help achieve the proper balance between starting force and restoring force, Weatherford offers centralizers with a wide range of bow heights and shapes as well as one piece aluminum rigid centralizers for deviated and horizontal wells. Starting Force and Moving (= Running) Force Test according to API SPEC 10D
F< W
F = Measured Starting and Running ( = Moving) Force W = Weight of 40 feet medium weight casing
The starting force is the maximum force required to start a centralizer into previously run casing. It should be less than the weight of 40 feet (12.2 meters) of medium weight casing.
Restoring Force Test According to API SPEC 10D Restoring Force
Test Positions
Centralizers for other casing and hole combinations available upon request. - Chart does not apply to Bow Spring Centralizers Subs
The restoring force is the force exerted by a centralizer against the casing to keep it away from the bore hole wall. Current API Specification 10D states that "67% may or may not be sufficient for a good cementation." Practical experience has shown that standoff values of 75 to 90% are adequate, even in horizontal wells.
8
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
S-SERIES CENTRALIZERS The Weatherford S-Series centralizer is the standard welded centralizer for casing-hole size combinations and is a high quality welded product that meets or exceeds API Specification 10D requirements. It offers a choice of six different bow heights, available for any casing/open hole configuration. The end collars are available as latch-on or slip-on. The S-Series features: ? Rigid Design - End bands are equipped with ribs to provide
rigidity to the bands. Bow springs are of high quality heattreated spring steel. ? Integral Hinge - Folded to the inside of the endbands so that,
once installed, it won't unfold even under extreme conditions. ? Self-Locking Hinge Pins - Equipped with a positive safety
locking device. ? Clearance - Since bow springs are attached to the O.D. of the
end collars, the centralizers may be installed over stop collars or casing collars. Product Number: S110 _ _ Latch-On. Available bow springs: 25, 30, 36, 46, 57 and 85.
B-SERIES CENTRALIZERS Some hole conditions do not require the same superior performance characteristics of the S-Series. In these instances, the B-Series centralizers offer an economical alternative. They are manufactured in a broad range of hole sizes and may be installed over the casing collars or stop collars. Product Number: B110 _ _ Latch-On Available bow springs: 25, 36 and 46.
SINGLE LINER CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are specifically designed for close tolerance applications where running drag must be minimal, yet the centering strength as high as possible. The uniquely-shaped bows accomplish this most effectively, making these centralizers the optimum solution. ? Available in Turbolizer styles ? Available as latch-on or slip-on ? Notched or lap-welded versions available ? Furnished with integral set screws ? Can be installed without set screws, between stop collars, for
casing rotation. Product Numbers :11216 Latch-on with lap-welded bows. :12212 Latch-on with notched-bows :12312 Slip-on with notched-in bows
9
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
TURBOLIZER™ CENTRALIZERS Weatherford Turbolizer centralizers have all of the characteristics of regular centralizers as far as starting and restoring forces are concerned. The main difference is that the Turbolizer centralizers have a built-in stop collar and deflector blades. These blades, or fins, deflect the fluid flow in a turbulent and outward directed spiral. SINGLE STRAIGHT (TURBOLIZER) CENTRALIZERS
The Turbolizer centralizer's fluid motion causes: ? Break up of cement and drilling fluids
channeling ? Deflection of mud and cement toward washed-
out sections of the well bore ? Improved filter cake removal ? Self-cleaning action which prevents the
Turbolizer centralizers from "balling-up”
? Choice of bow spring and deflector fin sizes ? Equipped with right or left handed fins ? Have integral set screws ? Meet API Specification 10D requirements in most casing
and hole combinations ? Fins are heat treated spring steel ? Have built-in stop collar on leading edge*
DOUBLE REVERSE BOW TURBOLIZER CENTRALIZERS ? Greater centering efficiency ? 360º wall coverage for increased load bearing area ? Lower starting force ? Available with integral stops ? Turbolizer fins on only one end so they can be installed
over stop collars ROTATING CENTRALIZERS (MODEL STT-1SL) Rotating centralizers were developed in response to industry requirements for centralizers that could be used with a rotating liner in highly deviated conditions. These centralizers offer the following features: ? High restoring force for optimum standoff ? Low moving force to minimize drag ? Allow free rotation of the pipe for maximum displacement
efficiency ? Over stop collar design minimizes moving forces while
reciprocating ? Meet or exceed API Specification 10D requirements
*Note: Single straight Turbolizer centralizers should never be installed over stop collars, any upset connections or over a casing collars.
10
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
RIGID CENTRALIZERS, LATCH-ON These centralizers provide positive standoff and centering, and can be used in both cased or open hole applications. In cased hole situations, they can be installed below casing hanging equipment and under liner hangers to facilitate proper setting. They offer: ? Single bar or double bar — Single bar versions are
recommended for cased hole applications; double bar for open hole. ? Available in various configurations — Available in latch-on
or slip-on versions and also in latch-on with integral stops.
RIGID T-BAR CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are custom built to suit severe service applications such as in subsea conditions and in large bore deviated holes where extreme axial and radial loads may be encountered. Either a T-bar or flat bar may be used to provide a large bearing surface to virtually eliminate well bore gouging. Options may include: ? Extra heavy-duty end collars ? Double rows of set screws ? Flat bar or T-bar staves ? Bronze cladding on stave ends to protect wellhead
equipment
THERMAL STABILIZERS (NOT SHOWN) Thermal stabilizers are used to insulate steam injection lines from the casing. The rigid stabilizers, with replaceable non-asbestos-compound insulation pads affixed to the bows, greatly reduce heat loss.
SPRIAL-TYPE MT CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are designed for use with multiple tubing strings (dual, triple, etc., or tubingless completions) run in one hole. The centralizers may be installed over close tolerance stop collars.
11
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
GRAVEL PACK CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are designed to give a minimal amount of drag resistance when ing through the previous casing or wellhead and then spring out to fit underreamed sections and washouts. ? Useful in sections where gravel packing is being
implemented ? Used for oversized holes ? Available with special clearance collars designed to go
through restrictions
DEPTH ORIENTATION MARKERS (DOM)™ Weatherford Depth Orientation Markers are patented* devices which exert a focused magnetic field inside the casing so that they will affect the casing collar locator tool and provide a downhole reference point. ? Used on flush t pipe where connections are hard to
detect ? Used with non-magnetic tubulars in corrosive service ? Provide a permanent benchmark on wells for future
production ? Made to match specific casing weights ? Offered in standard and close tolerance versions ? Will sometimes save a gamma ray run
MICRO-ANNULUS SEALS (CEMENT SEAL UNITS) Weatherford micro-annulus seals are used to block off possible gas or fluid migration along the casing-cement interface. This product offers the following features: ? Reduce interzonal communications ? Prevent gas pressure on the annulus ? Deter leakage of stimulation media up the annulus ? Minimize gas storage well leakage ? Decrease loss of injection media in injection wells ? Standard model is rated to 275°F (135°C) ? High temperature model rated to 400°F (204°C)
12
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING SELECTION GUIDE — WELDED CENTRALIZERS Hole Size (in)
Casing Size (in inches) 2-3/8"
2-7/8"
3-1/2"
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
10-3/4"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
16"
18-5/8"
20"
4-1/2" - 4-3/4"
30
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
5-3/4" - 6"
36
30
25
*12/16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
6-1/8" - 6-3/8"
46
30/36
30
*16
*12/16
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
6-1/2" - 6-3/4"
46
46
36
25
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
7-3/8" - 7-7/8"
57
46
46
36
30/36
25
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
8-3/8" - 8-5/8"
57
57
46
36/46
36
30/36
*16/25
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
8-3/4" - 9"
85
57
57
46
46
36
25
25
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
9-1/2" - 10"
85
85
85
57
46/57
46
36
36
25/30
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
10-5/8" - 11"
--
85
85
57/85
57
57
46
46
36
25/30
*12/16
--
--
--
--
--
--
12" - 12-1/4"
--
--
85
85
85
85
57
57
57
46
36
25
--
--
--
--
--
14" - 15-1/2"
--
--
--
--
85
85
85
85
85
57/85
46/57
46
36/46
--
--
--
--
17" - 18-5/8"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
85
57
57
46
25/36
--
--
19-1/2" - 20-1/2"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
57
--
--
22" - 23"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
46/57
46
24"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
57
46/57
26"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
57/85
Notes:
*1.Close Tolerance — Integral Stop-Collar *2.Where two bow spring sizes are indicated, the lower should be used for smaller hole sizes or with light weight casing and 2 centralizers per t installations. *3.Type 12 and 16 bow springs are identical, 12 is for notched-in, 16 for lap-welded Close Tolerance Centralizer
WELDED CENTRALIZER SPECIFICATIONS 12 Bow 16 Bow 25 Bow 30 Bow 36 Bow 46 Bow 57 Bow 85 Bow Casing Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Size (in.) Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.)
13
4-1/2"
6.000
5.500
6.250
5.500
7.250
5.500
7.550
5.500
8.500
5.500
9.250
5.500
11.500
5.500
14.500
5.500
5"
6.500
6.000
6.750
6.000
7.875
6.000
8.250
6.000
8.750
6.000
9.750
6.000
12.000
6.000
15.000
6.000
5-1/2"
7.000
6.500
7.250
6.500
8.375
6.500
8.750
6.500
9.125
6.500
10.250
6.500
12.500
6.500
15.500
6.500
6-5/8"
8.125
7.625
8.375
7.625
9.500
7.625
9.875
7.625
10.375
7.625
11.375
7.625
13.625
7.625
16.625
7.625
7"
8.500
8.000
8.750
8.000
9.875
8.000
10.250
8.000
10.750
8.000
11.750
8.000
14.000
8.000
17.000
8.000
7-5/8"
9.125
8.625
9.375
8.625
10.500
8.625
11.000
8.625
11.500
8.625
12.375
8.625
14.625
8.625
17.625
8.625
8-5/8"
10.250
9.625
10.500
9.625
11.500
9.625
12.000
9.625
12.500
9.625
13.875
9.625
15.625
9.625
18.625
9.625
9-5/8"
11.250
10.750
11.500
10.750
12.500
10.750
13.000
10.750
13.500
10.750
14.875
10.750
16.625
10.750
19.625
10.750
10-3/4"
12.375
11.875
12.625
11.875
13.625
11.875
14.125
11.875
14.625
11.875
15.875
11.875
17.750
11.875
20.875
11.875
11-3/4"
13.375
12.875
13.625
12.875
14.625
12.875
15.125
12.875
15.625
12.875
16.875
12.875
18.750
12.875
21.875
12.875
13-3/8"
15.000
14.500
15.250
14.500
16.250
14.500
16.750
14.500
17.250
14.500
18.750
14.500
20.375
14.500
23.500
14.500
16"
17.625
17.125
17.875
17.125
18.875
17.125
19.375
17.125
19.875
17.125
21.375
17.125
23.000
17.125
26.125
17.125
18-5/8"
20.250
19.750
20.500
19.750
21.500
19.750
22.000
19.750
22.500
19.750
24.000
19.750
25.625
19.750
28.750
19.750
20"
21.625
21.125
21.875
21.125
22.875
21.125
23.375
21.125
23.875
21.125
25.375
21.125
27.000
21.125
30.125
21.125
ROLLER CENTRALIZERS
LoDRAG™ CENTRALIZER The LoDRAG centralizer is also a mechanical frictionreduction system that performs independently of drilling or completion mud film strength or lubricity. The small area of the rollers with the casing or borehole wall functions exceptionally well in underpressured conditions, where risk of differential sticking is high. LoDRAG tools have been used primarily to run casing and sand-control screens into unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. Using LoDRAG tools in these reservoirs can reduce axial drag by up to 60 percent. The LoDRAG tool can reduce axial friction in cased holes by similar percentages. The features of the LoDRAG centralizer include: LoDRAG™
? Rollers help to avoid plowing that can create major drag
problems ? Precision machined inside diameter provides excellent
rotational performance in mud ? Small roller area reduces differential sticking ? Rollers provide exceptional wear resistance ? Torque-reducing performance improves the cement
sheath ? The roller/axle relationship ensures that axle shear
stresses remain within elastic limits ? High quality construction materials improve high-pressure
/ high-temperature capabilities
The LoDRAG tools achieve optimum performance when: ? Casing, liner, and screens are being run into
horizontal and extended-reach wells ? Centralizer wear may compromise the cement
job ? Where HSE requirements ban the use of oil-
based and pseudo-oilbased mud ? Underpressured formations may cause
differential sticking LoTORQ™ CENTRALIZERS The majority of LoTORQ tools have been used in extended-reach wells to run and rotate long, heavy-wall liners where rotation provides an optimum cement sheath. Weatherford developed a mechanical friction (torque and drag) reduction system that performs independently from drilling/completion fluids. Analysis has shown that the small area of the rollers function exceptionally well in under-pressured conditions where the risk of differential sticking is high. The LoTORQ centralizers offers operators the same benefits as the LoDRAG centralizer but also serves well when long and/or heavy cemented liners are being rotated. LoTORQ™
14
FLOW ENHANCEMENT TOOLS
RIGID CENTRALIZERS Weatherford's broad offering of flow enhancement tools perform well in highly deviated and horizontal wells. They are designed in many sizes, materials and configurations to meet customer requirements, even under severe conditions. The rigid centralizers are generally constructed in one piece to add greater strength and are held in place by high load stop collars or set screws. The tools are designed to improve cement flow while promoting maximum standoff from the bore hole. SPIRAL RIGID CENTRALIZERS ? Blades overlap the entire 360º open hole circumference ? Reduced flow area between the spiral provides a vortex motion
for increased fluid velocity ? Extra length gives maximum centralization ? Spiral design provides optimum flow area ? Made of high strength, corrosion resistant cast aluminum ? Used with corrosion-resistant alloys (CRA) to negate ionic
transfer SHORT SPIRAL RIGID CENTRALIZERS ? Spiral blades increase annular turbulence ? Blades are set at an average of 45º for maximum fluid swirl ? Blades and collar made of abrasion-resistant mild steel ? Continuous welds secure blades to collars ? Available with or without set screws
SPIRAGLIDER® CENTRALIZERS ? Designed specifically for highly deviated and
horizontal wells ? Ideal for use with liner hangers ? Steel construction provides superior toughness
over other materials and alloys ? Fin design provides low coefficient of friction to reduce drag
forces while running pipe ? Fins create vortex flow to optimize mud displacement and
minimize pressure drop across the centralizer ? SPIRAGLIDER construction gives maximum standoff ? Fin design resists high sideloads ? Spiral blades yield to allow age through unexpected
undergauge open hole
Now Available in a Heavy Duty Version
15
STOP COLLARS
Weatherford stop collars limit the movement of mechanical cementing products on the pipe and are manufactured to withstand high axial forces. Four standard designs are available. JSH STOP COLLARS This hinged stop collar has an internal groove into which a spiral locking pin is driven, firmly wedging the collar into position around the casing. The JSH Stop Collar is used on both upset and non-upset casing and provides maximum annular clearance.
Model JSH Stop Collar (60900)
J5H STOP COLLARS The J5H Stop Collar has a cross-bolt design that makes installation quick and easy. This economical collar can be used where annular tolerances are not critical.
STOP COLLARS
in
J10H STOP COLLARS
Collar Type / Maximum O.D.
Size
JSH in
J5H mm
in
J4H mm
2-3/8" 2-7/8" 3-1/2"
4-3/4"
121
J10H / J10S
in
mm
3-3/8"
86
3-7/8"
98
4-1/2"
114
in
mm
4-1/2"
5-5/8"
143
5-3/4"
146
5-5/8"
143
5"
6-1/2"
156
6-1/4"
159
6-1/8"
156
5-1/5"
6-5/8"
168
6-3/4"
171
6-5/8"
168
6-5/8"
7-3/4"
197
7-7/8"
200
7-3/4"
197
7"
8-1/4"
209
8-1/4"
210
8-1/4"
209
7-5/8"
8-7/8"
225
8-7/8"
225
8-7/8"
225
8-5/8"
9-7/8"
251
9-7/8"
251
9-7/8"
251
9-5/8"
10-7/8"
276
10-7/8"
276
10-7/8"
276
10-3/4"
12"
305
12"
305
12"
305
11-3/4"
13"
330
13"
330
13"
330
13-3/8"
14-5/8"
371
14-5/8"
371
14-5/8"
371
17-1/2"
445
17-1/2"
445
20-1/8"
511
21-1/2"
546
21-1/2"
546
24"
25-1/5"
648
26"
27-5/8"
701
31-7/8"
810
16" 18-5/8" 20"
30" *Other sizes available
Model J5H Stop Collar (60500
This stop collar is for use on ca to 30 inches in diameter. A single row of set screws offers good gripping force and cost effectiveness.
Model J10H Stop Collar (60200)
J10S STOP COLLARS Superb solid collar set-screw device gives excellent gripping force, and used where high axial loads are expected
Model J10S Stop Collar (60300)
16
SPECIALTY TOOLS
WILDCAT™ SCRATCHER Weatherford’s Wildcat scratchers remove excessive wall cake and improve the cement bond between the casing and porous formations while reinforcing the cement column. Their hinged design makes them easy to install. For running in the hole, a series of scratchers is mounted on the casing string. The inclined external bristles abrade the wellbore during running and reciprocation. The scratchers feature large fluid-by slots and coiled bristles for bending durability.
Wildcat (51007)
RECIPROCATING WELLBORE WIPERS These wipers remove excess wall cake to improve cementto-formation bonding by producing a wiping action during running and reciprocation. A continuous, interlocking and overlapping loop of tempered-steel wire cable is laced into the hinged collars. A bolt holds the wipers in position and eliminates the need for stop collars. A hinged version is also available.
Reciprocating Wellbore Wiper
ROTATING WELLBORE WIPERS (MODEL 54850) Rotating wellbore wipers can be used when well conditions do not permit reciprocation of the casing string, but do permit rotation. The 60-inch long strips are clamped tightly to the casing at intervals along the length of the wiper. Note: Stop collars must be used with rotating wellbore wipers.
WELLBORE WIPERS Compressed O.D.
Casing Size
in.
mm
in.
mm
5360041
4-1/2"
11-1/8"
283
5-5/8"
143
5360051
5-1/2"
12-1/8"
308
6-5/8"
168
5360070
7"
13-5/8"
346
8-1/8"
206
5360075
7-5/8"
14-1/4"
362
8-3/4"
222
5360085
8-5/8"
15-1/4"
387
10-3/4"
248
5360095
9-5/8"
16-1/4"
413
9-3/4"
273
5360010
10-3/4"
17-3/8"
441
11-7/8"
302
5360013
13-3/8"
20"
508
14-1/2"
368
Other sizes upon request
17
Loop O.D.
Product Number
SPECIALTY TOOLS
PLUG-BACK STINGERS Weatherford offers for rent or sale full length ts of 6.5 lb/ft. 2 7/8" EUE 8rd N-80 tubing fully dressed with appropriate centralizers and cable scratchers. This configuration is effective with rotation and/or reciprocation, depending on hole conditions and rig capabilities. The centralizing and abrading action that the "PlugBack Stingers" provide greatly improves the mud displacement efficiency of the cement slurry. The small diameter stinger minimizes the possibility of mud contamination in the slurry as it is withdrawn from the plugged interval and provides a "weak" point in the drill string should problems cause the pipe to be cemented in. Weatherford has been renting 2 7/8" tubing dressed to set cement for over 20 years on the Gulf Coast. This service is now available from your local Weatherford representative. Tubing will come predressed with hinged rotating centralizers and scratchers. The entire string usually consisting of 10, 20, or 30 ts is racked and safely stored in baskets. Additional components that are available include the drill pipe wiper darts, up-jetted diverter sub, and handling tools. Handling tools can include a TS100 Spider, base plate and elevators. Crossovers and extensions are available as needed. CEMENT BASKETS (SOLID OR HINGED) Weatherford cement baskets protect weak formations from excessive hydrostatic pressure exerted by the weight of the cementing column. They are normally installed on the casing string above the weak formations, but they are also used in stagecementing or in cementing the annulus from the surface. Each basket’s overlapping metal fins provide maximum flexibility and fluid age while maintaining optimum characteristics.
“Plug-Back Stingers" provide greatly improves the mud displacement efficiency of the cement slurry.
Weatherford’s hinged baskets can be installed on upset pipe and can be disassembled for shipping and space economy. Special sizes upon request.
STANDARD CEMENT BASKET SPECIFICATIONS
Cement baskets should be installed over stop collars to facilitate pipe reciprocation.
CSG./ TBG. Size
Latch-on Type
No. of Bows
Slip-on Type
No. of Bows
Total Length
Basket O.D.
Min. Hole Size
3-1/2"
--
--
1835731
10
24-1/2"
11-1/2"
5"
4-1/2"
--
--
1835741
10
24-1/2"
12-1/2"
6"
5-1/2"
1825751
12
1835751
12
24-1/2"
13-1/2"
7-1/4" 8-3/4"
7"
1825770
14
1835770
14
24-1/2"
15"
7-5/8"
1825775
14
1835775
15
24-1/2"
15-5/8"
9-1/2"
8-5/8"
1825785
16
1835785
16
24-1/2"
16-5/8"
10-5/8"
9-5/8"
1825795
18
1835795
18
24-1/2"
17-5/8"
11-5/8"
10-3/4"
1825710
18
1835710
19
24-1/2"
18-3/4"
12-3/4"
11-3/4"
1825711
20
1835711
21
24-1/2"
19-3/4"
13-3/4"
13-3/8"
1825713
24
1835713
24
24-1/2"
21-3/8"
15-1/2"
16"
1825716
28
1835716
28
24-1/2"
24"
18"
18-5/8"
1825718
34
1835718
34
24-1/2"
26-5/8"
20-5/8"
20"
1825720
34
1835720
34
24-1/2"
28"
22"
18
Recommended Installation Patterns Choosing proper installation pattern for mechanical cementing products is essential to achieving desired results. For example, centralizers should be installed between stop collars in close-tolerance situations to avoid drag caused by increased starting forces. So your Weatherford representative for assistance in planning your cementation program. Weatherford will ensure that the products and the installation pattern will meet your operating requirements. This investment will pay dividends over the life of the well.
Case III: Between couplings and stop collars
Case I: Over stop collars
CASE I For optimal centering, centralizers are installed over stop collars. Installation on racks eliminates lost time. This pattern is not recommended in close tolerance
CASE II For optimum centering in close-tolerance pattern, centralizers are positioned between stop-collars. STA0 or STA1 bows are recommended. This pattern can be installed on racks. Close tolerance welded centralizers, with integral stop collars, are available alternatives.
CASE
III
In this alternate close-tolerance pattern, centralizers are installed between a stop collar and the casing coupling. This pattern allows limited centralizer travel and uses only one stop collar per centralizer. Installation should not be performed on racks.
Case IV: Over couplings
CASE IV Installation of centralizers over casing coupling reduces annular flow area, concentrates lateral loads at the coupling, and requires extra rig time. Weatherford does not recommend this pattern for close-tolerance conditions where STA0 bows would be used.
Weatherford International Ltd. 515 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 600 Houston, Texas 77027 USA Tel: 713-693-4000 weatherford.com
Case II: Between stop collars
Weatherford products and services are subject to the Company’s standard and conditions, available on request or at weatherford.com. For more information an authorized Weatherford representative. Unless noted otherwise, trademarks and service marks herein are the property of Weatherford. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Weatherford sells its products and services in accordance with the and conditions set forth in the applicable contract between Weatherford and the client.
© 2002-2009. Weatherford. All rights reserved.
71.03
The Largest and Most Complete Line of The Weatherford Technique
Product Testing
For the last half century, the industry has depended on Weatherford to provide quality equipment for its primary cementing needs. Weatherford now offers the world's largest and most complete line of cementing products - not just a partial solution. As the recognized specialists in the field, Weatherford provides the broadest product offering, innovative tool designs, the latest in manufacturing technology, combined with the backing of experienced engineers to analyze the well and make detailed recommendations for satisfying your cementation objectives. From the beginning of the cementing job to its conclusion, Weatherford provides complete assistance to make sure that job runs properly. Weatherford strives to provide customers with the lowest cementing costs possible.
Weatherford technicians regularly perform destructive tests to assure that Weatherford products continue to meet the highest standards, exceeding even those of the American Petroleum Institute. Weatherford commitment to the industry involves providing efficient products to meet real well conditions. Weatherford's main manufacturing plants are licensed to use the API monogram.
That's the Weatherford technique. CentraPro Plus® Software Program The mechanical cementing products installation pattern, as part of the total cementing program, should be based on individual well conditions and operating objectives. To assist in developing the most effective program for a well, Weatherford has developed the CentraPro Plus program, a sophisticated lateral load software program designed to provide optimum deployment of cementation products in the well. This innovative program utilizes three dimensional analysis to calculate the lateral forces as well Engineering
CONTENTS
Weatherford's experienced cementing engineers are available worldwide to help ensure the correct implementation of the cementing program and the proper installation of each piece of equipment. The onsite engineers continually monitor the well and can quickly adapt the program to unforeseen conditions.
Welded Centralizers...................2(inside cover) Non-Weld Centralizers ...............3(inside cover) SPIRAGLIDER® Centralizers .....4 Centralizers (non-weld) ..............5 Centralizers (welded) .................9 Flow Enhancement Tools ...........14 Weatherford's cementing engineers at the wellsite.
After job completion, Weatherford engineers evaluate the performance data of the well and, by comparing it with other similar cementations, can help customers prepare for future cementing jobs.
1
Weatherford's specially-designed test procedures monitor products under abnormal conditions.
Roller Centralizers ....................15 Stop Collars ...............................16 Specialty Tools ...........................17 Installation Patterns ...................19
Primary Cementing Tools Found Anywhere WELDED CENTRALIZERS API SPECIFICATION
INTEGRAL HINGES
Centralizers are manufactured for all common casing/hole size combinations...assurance that Weatherford centralizers are of a consistently high quality.
Have eight sections and seven shear points for maximum load capacity. Hinges wrap to the inside, against the casing, for optimum design strength.
BOW SPRINGS
Are performed on every centralizer to size and fit.
High quality spring steel undergoes special heat treatment to achieve maximum centering power and minimum running resistance.
ROLL-FORMED RIDGE
HINGE PINS
Around end collars provide extra rigidity, minimizes outof-round distortion in shipping or storage, and makes a streamlined leading edge to prevent hanging up.
Embody a self-locking design that will not work loose, yet they tap easily into place.
RIGID QUALITY CONTROL TESTS
SUPER-STRONG WELDS And maximum weld length are the product of Weatherford’s patented automatic welding equipment. Assuring ultimate strength and uniformity in every weld.
For Excellent Performance Under Tensile Stress Weatherford welded centralizers have been providing excellent service for over 50 years. They are the result of high quality materials, coupled with the most advanced manufacturing processes, including proprietary robotics technology and automatic centralizer welding. Consistency is foremost in Weatherford’s goal of assuring performance excellence at the wellsite. Special high strength steel springs are made to design specifications. End collars are uniquely designed with integral hinges and self-locking hinge pins. The centralizer ribs are engineered to maintain rigidity while providing a streamlined profile in the wellbore. Testing centralizers for stress confirms that they will run under demanding conditions without distortion or destruction.
2
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
EXTENDED PROFILE Prevents bows from hitting against casing collar.
EXCEEDS THE REQUIREMENTS OF API SPECIFICATION 10D With exceptional starting and restoring performance.
HIGH QUALITY BOWS Uniform bow hardness.
CHOICE OF BOWS
FIELD ASSEMBLY
Weatherford offers five basic designs with additional configurations available. The bows can be made in stainless steel and in sizes to match any well profile.
All bow combinations can be field assembled to reduce shipping costs.
HINGES END COLLARS
Turned inward for maximum strength.
Non-weld models feature heavy gauge steel with extra strong hinges.
LOCKING TAB Each bow locks in place securely with patented tab.*
SELF LOCKING HINGE PIN For easy and sure installation.
For Excellent Performance While Under Compression More than 50 years experience has gone into the design, manufacture and continual improvement of the Weatherford nonweld centralizers. Weatherford’s newest generation of products reflects that experience. They are built for use in the most demanding conditions. Starting with the uniformity of the bow hardness to the heavy gauge end collars, they provide a ruggedness for just about any application. These products exceed the requirements for API Specification 10D. Testing centralizers for compression assures that the centralizers can withstand very high forces when running casing. The test, illustrated at left, shows that a damaged centralizer will still remain intact under severe conditions.
3
SPIRAGLIDER® Highly Deviated And Horizontal Well Centralizer System*
OPTIMIZED HYDRODYNAMICS AND FLOW-BY AREA
STEEL CONSTRUCTION
Hydrodynamic shape of spiral fins allows optimal mud displacement and minimal pressure drop across centralizer. Induced vortex flows enable superior mud removal.
The SPIRAGLIDER system is made of steel, giving it a toughness advantage over other materials and alloys.
SHAPED TO MINIMIZE RUNNING RESISTANCE Both spiral and straight fin designs minimize drag forces while running pipe. The fins glide smoothly on the low side of horizontal boreholes.
PRE-DEFINED FIN LOAD RESISTANCE SPIRAGLIDER fin design resists high sideloads, yet are engineered to intentionally yield at predetermined sideforce under stuck-pipe conditions.
SMOOTH SURFACE Wide symmetrical fins are smoothly beveled on both ends to have lower coefficient of friction and to ease casing movement in either direction.
UNIQUE STOP COLLARS Provide protection for the centralizer’s leading edge and performs as a positioning device.
Typical Average Coefficient of Friction**
Coefficient of Friction
0.12 **Valid for water/bentonite, water/chalk and oil base mud, according to a study by the Institute of Tribology, Technical University of Clausthal,
0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 n Zinc
The Weatherford SPIRAGLIDER centralizers are the newest innovations in a broad offering of cementation products. They were designed specifically for highly deviated or horizontal wells and are ideal for use with liner hangers. The SPIRAGLIDER system consists of a STEEL centralizer and two asymmetrically beveled stop collars.The SPIRAGLIDER centralizer’s unique design features allow them to run in restricted holes while yielding reduced wear and a low coefficient of friction for minimal drag. They promote optimal mud displacement during cementation, utilizing fins that create a vortex motion for superior mud removal. The SPIRAGLIDER construction is tough and gives maximum standoff and wear resistance.
n Steel
4
STA 0
STA 1
STA 3
STA 3
STA 4
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS Pipe OD Height
STRAIGHT BOW CENTRALIZERS Weatherford’s non-weld straight centralizers are the result of more than 50 years of field experience and laboratory testing. This newest design has features making them ideal for both tubing and casing applications. ? Non-weld design eliminates weak spots. ? Choice of standard bow heights assures optimum starting/restoring force criteria. ? Patented locking tabs hold bows in the collars. ? High-quality, spring-steel bows and specially designed collar hinges provide reliable downhole performance.
Non-Weld Straight Centralizer
Centralizer Bow Configurations
Weatherford markets straight centralizer bows in several standard sizes and provides a variety of bow configurations for special applications. If your well plan requires a special design, your local Weatherford representative. NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZER BOW HEIGHTS
? Available in stainless steel.
STA0
STA1
STA2
STA3
STA4
In.
0.965
1.161
1.437
2.303
3.051
mm
24.5
29.5
36.5
58.5
77.5
Non-Weld Straight Centralizers Casing Size Bow Type (in.) 4"
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
5
Maximum O.D.
Min. Compressed O.D.
in.
mm
in.
mm
ST A0
6.186
157.1
4.965
126.1
ST A1
6.579
167.1
5.201
ST A2
7.131
181.1
5.201
ST A3
8.902
226.1
ST A4
10.398
ST A0
Casing Size Bow Type (in.)
Maximum O.D.
Min. Compressed O.D.
in.
mm
in.
mm
ST A0
13.010
330.5
11.790
299.5
132.1
ST A1
13.404
340.5
12.026
305.5
132.1
ST A2
13.955
354.5
12.026
305.5
5.201
132.1
ST A3
15.727
399.5
12.026
305.5
264.1
5.201
132.1
ST A4
17.223
437.5
12.026
305.5
6.691
169.9
5.470
138.9
ST A0
14.023
356.2
12.802
352.2
ST A1
7.084
179.9
5.706
144.9
ST A1
14.417
366.2
13.039
331.2
ST A2
7.636
193.9
5.706
144.9
ST A2
14.968
380.2
13.039
331.2
ST A3
9.407
238.9
5.706
144.9
ST A3
16.739
425.2
13.039
331.2
ST A4
10.903
276.9
5.706
144.9
ST A4
18.235
463.2
13.039
331.2
ST A0
7.196
182.8
5.975
151.8
ST A0
15.668
398.0
14.448
367.0
ST A1
7.589
192.8
6.211
157.8
ST A1
16.062
408.0
14.684
373.0
ST A2
8.141
206.8
6.211
157.8
ST A2
16.613
422.0
14.684
373.0
ST A3
9.912
251.8
6.211
157.8
ST A3
18.385
467.0
14.684
373.0
ST A4
11.408
289.8
6.211
157.8
ST A4
19.881
505.0
14.684
373.0
ST A0
7.701
195.6
6.480
164.6
ST A0
18.326
465.5
17.106
434.5
ST A1
8.094
205.6
6.716
170.6
ST A1
18.720
475.5
17.342
440.5
ST A2
8.646
219.6
6.716
170.6
ST A2
19.271
489.5
17.342
440.5
ST A3
10.417
264.6
6.716
170.6
ST A3
21.043
534.5
17.342
440.5
ST A4
11.913
302.6
6.716
170.6
ST A4
22.539
572.5
17.342
440.5
ST A0
8.837
224.5
7.616
193.0
ST A0
20.984
533.0
19.763
502.0
ST A1
9.231
234.5
7.853
199.5
ST A1
21.377
543.0
20.000
508.0
ST A2
9.782
248.5
7.853
199.5
ST A2
21.929
557.0
20.000
508.0
ST A3
11.553
293.5
7.853
199.5
ST A3
23.700
602.0
20.000
508.0
ST A4
13.050
331.5
7.853
199.5
ST A4
25.196
640.0
20.000
508.0
ST A0
9.216
234.1
7.995
203.1
ST A0
22.376
568.4
21.156
537.4
ST A1
9.609
244.1
8.231
209.1
ST A1
22.770
578.4
21.392
543.4
ST A2
10.161
258.1
8.231
209.1
ST A2
23.321
592.4
21.392
543.4
ST A3
11.932
303.1
8.231
209.1
ST A3
25.093
637.4
21.392
543.4
ST A4
13.428
341.1
8.231
209.1
ST A4
26.589
675.4
21.392
543.4
ST A0
9.847
250.1
8.626
219.1
ST A0
26.426
671.2
25.206
640.2
ST A1
10.241
260.1
8.863
225.1
ST A1
26.820
681.2
25.442
646.2
ST A2
10.792
274.1
8.863
225.1
ST A2
27.371
695.2
25.442
646.2
ST A3
12.563
319.1
8.863
225.1
ST A3
29.143
740.2
25.442
646.2
ST A4
14.060
357.1
8.863
225.1
ST A4
30.639
778.2
25.442
646.2
ST A0
10.857
275.8
9.636
244.8
ST A0
28.451
722.7
27.231
691.7
ST A1
11.251
285.8
9.873
250.8
ST A1
28.845
732.7
27.467
697.7
ST A2
11.802
299.8
9.873
250.8
ST A2
29.396
746.7
27.467
697.7
ST A3
13.573
344.8
9.873
250.8
ST A3
31.168
791.7
27.467
697.7
ST A4
15.070
382.8
9.873
250.8
ST A4
32.664
829.7
27.467
697.7
ST A0
11.867
301.4
10.646
270.4
ST A0
32.501
825.5
31.281
794.5
ST A1
12.261
311.4
10.883
276.4
ST A1
32.895
835.5
31.517
800.5
ST A2
12.812
325.4
10.883
276.4
ST A2
33.446
849.5
31.517
800.5
ST A3
14.583
370.4
10.883
276.4
ST A3
35.218
894.5
31.517
800.5
ST A4
16.080
408.4
10.883
276.4
ST A4
36.714
932.5
31.517
800.5
10-3/4"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
16"
18-5/8"
20"
24"
26"
30"
Standard Bow Heights
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS Tandem Rise Bow Profiles
TANDEM RISE™ BOW CENTRALIZERS This special design increases the ratio of restoring force to moving force. It has the ability to withstand high lateral loads encountered in horizontal holes. The non-weld design increases its ability to withstand compressive loading while running in the wellbore. It is available for close tolerance applications and can be installed over casing couplings and stop collars.
Bow Spring Number
"X" Bow thickness
"X" Bow Height
"Z" Max. Coupling Length Based on Coupling 1" Above Casing Size
in.
mm
in.
mm
in.
mm
TR1
0.171
4.35
0.8
20.32
14-1/8"
358.8*
TR2
0.171
4.35
1.171
29.74
14-1/8"
358.8
TR3
0.171
4.35
1.421
36.09
14-1/8"
358.8
55.14
14-1/8"
358.8
? Better standoff for increased mud removal
TR4 0.171 4.35 2.171 Note: 1) All bows 1-1/2" (38.1 mm) wide
? Reduced drag while running pipe
*Based on 5/8" clearance for coupling
Benefits include:
? Reduced wall sticking for easier pipe
movement ? Increased area for less bow
NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZERS – TUBING
penetration into the formation
Tubing centralizers can be effective in tubingless completions, for guiding and stabbing tubing into downhole equipment or in reducing frictional drag in deviated holes. They can also be used to center wireline tools, to protect control lines and cables, or to prevent wear on tubing and casing due to thermal expansion and contraction. For optimum tubing concentricity, Weatherford recommends the use of positive tubing centralizers inside casing.
? Complete mud removal while cementing
NON-WELD STRAIGHT CENTRALIZERS – TUBING
in.
mm
in.
mm
2-3/8"
STTI
5-1/8"
130
3-3/8"
86
STTII
5-1/2"
140
3-1/2"
89
STTIII
7-1/4"
184
3-1/2"
89
STTIV
8-1/2"
216
3-1/2"
89
STTI
5-5/8"
143
3-7/8"
98
STTII
6"
153
4"
102
3-1/2"
TR 1
Z
Y
Minimum Compressed Bow O.D.
Bow Type
2-7/8"
X
Maximum Bow O.D.
Size (in.)
STTIII
7-3/4"
197
4"
102
STTIV
9"
229
4"
102
STTI
6-1/4"
159
4-1/2"
114
STTII
6-5/8"
169
4-5/8"
117
STTIII
8-3/8"
213
4-5/8"
117
STTIV
9-5/8"
245
4-5/8"
117
TR 2
* When bows are completely compressed, these figures represent the centralizer’s largest rigid diameter presented by the bow, the hinge or any other part.
TR 3
NOTE: STI AND STII centralizers should not be installed over any casing collar or stop collar.
TR 4
6
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING CENTRALIZER SUB
The Bow Spring Centralizer Sub meets the demands of ultra-tight clearance casing strings. Where special drilling requirements demand that casing be run in previous casing or open hole with close tolerances, this tool allows ing very tight restrictions, followed by expansion into an under reamed hole. The Bow Spring Centralizer Sub offers numerous advantages, including: ? Combines slim hole capabilities with the
quality of Weatherford’s welded centralizers ? Runs inside ultra-tight clearances
Casing Size*
Previous Casing Min. Drift I.D.
Open Hole Size
Number of Bow Springs
4.500
5.000
5-3/4" - 9-7/8"
4
5.000
5.500
6" - 10-5/8"
4
5.500
6.000
6-1/2" - 10-5/8"
4
7.000
7.500
7-7/8" - 12-1/4"
4
7.625
8.125
8-1/2" - 12-1/4"
6
8.625
9.125
9-5/8" - 12-1/2"
6
9.625
10.125
10-1/2" - 14-3/4"
6
10.750
11.250
12-1/4" - 15-1/2"
6
11.750
12.250
13-1/2" - 16"
6
13.375
14.000
14-3/4" - 17-1/2"
8
Bow Spring Centralizer SUB*
*Special Tools Available 16” - 24”
? Centralizer bows recess completely into
tool body then expands for casing centering in open or underreamed sections POSITIVE CENTRALIZERS
? Allows maximum fluid by area to
? Non-weld design
Weatherford’s non-weld positive centralizers are available for both tubing and casing applications. They significantly reduce frictional drag when used in deviated holes, and can provide nearly 100 percent standoff (concentricity) when run inside a cased hole.
minimize the impact on circulating pressure
Non-Weld Positive Centralizer
Concentric casing strings facilitate liner and packer positioning, stage cementing, surface cementing, slip and packoff installation, and wellabandonment. Weatherford’s nonweld positive centralizers offer the following features:
eliminates weak (brittle) spots ? U-profile bow design
permits maximum fluid age. ? Available with solid
bows. ? Patented locking tabs
hold bows in the collars ? Can be transported
unassembled to reduce ? Large selection of bow
sizes, shipping costs.
Non-Weld Positive Centralizers – Casing Bow Type / Maximum Box O.D. Size (in.)
7
PO1
PO2
PO3
PO4
PO5
PO6
PO7
PO8
PO9
PO10
PO11
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
in
mm
4"
5-1/8"
130.2
5-1/2"
139.7
5-7/8"
149.2
6-1/8"
155.6
6-1/8"
165.1
6-7/8"
174.6
7-1/4"
184.2
7-5/8"
183.7
8-7/8"
225.4
10-3/8"
263.5
5-7/8"
149.2
4-1/2"
5-5/8"
142.9
6"
152.4
6-3/8"
161.9
6-5/8"
168.3
7"
203.2
7-3/8"
187.3
7-3/4"
196.9
8-1/8"
206.4
9-3/8"
238.1
10-7/8"
276.2
6-3/8"
161.9
5"
6-1/8"
155.6
6-1/2"
165.1
6-7/8"
174.6
7-1/8"
181.0
7-1/2"
190.5
7-7/8"
200.0
8-1/4"
209.6
8-5/8"
219.1
9-7/8"
250.8
11-3/8"
288.9
6-7/8"
174.6
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
168.3
7"
177.8
7-3/8"
187.3
7-5/8"
193.7
8"
228.6
8-3/8"
212.7
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.6
10-3/8"
263.5
11-7/8"
301.6
7-3/8"
187.9
6-5/8"
7-3/4"
196.9
8-1/8"
206.4
8-1/2"
215.9
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-7/8"
250.8
10-1/4"
260.4
11-1/2"
292.1
13"
355.6
8-1/2"
215.9
7"
8-1/8"
206.4
8-1/2"
215.9
8-7/8"
225.4
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-7/8"
250.8
10-1/4"
260.4
10-5/8"
269.9
11-7/8"
301.6
13-3/8"
339.7
8-7/8"
225.4
7-5/8"
8-3/4"
222.3
9-1/8"
231.8
9-1/2"
241.3
9-3/4"
247.7
10-1/8"
257.2
10-1/2"
266.7
10-7/8"
276.2
11-1/4"
285.8
12-1/2"
317.5
14"
381.0
9-1/2"
241.3
8-5/8"
9-3/4"
247.7
10-1/8"
257.2
10-1/2"
266.7
10-3/4"
273.1
11-1/8"
282.6
11-1/2"
292.1
11-7/8"
301.6
12-1/4"
311.2
13-1/2"
342.9
15"
406.4
10-1/2"
266.7
8-5/8"
10-3/4"
273.1
11-1/8"
282.6
11-1/2"
292.1
11-3/4"
298.5
12-1/8"
308.0
12-1/2"
317.5
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
338.6
14-1/2"
368.3
16"
431.8
11-1/2"
292.1
10-3/4"
11-7/8"
301.6
12-1/4"
311.2
12-5/8"
320.7
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
336.6
13-5/8"
346.1
14"
381.0
14-3/8"
365.1
15-1/2"
393.7
17-1/8"
435.0
12-5/8"
320.7
11-3/4"
12-7/8"
327.0
13-1/4"
336.6
13-5/8"
346.1
13-7/8"
352.4
14-1/4"
362.0
14-5/8"
371.5
15"
406.4
15-3/8"
390.5
16-1/2"
419.1
18-1/8"
460.4
13-5/8"
346.1
13-3/8"
14-1/2"
368.3
14-7/8"
377.8
15-1/4"
387.4
15-1/2"
393.7
15-7/8"
403.2
16-1/4"
412.8
18-5/8"
422.3
17"
457.2
18-1/4"
463.6
19-3/4"
501.7
15-1/4"
387.4
16"
17-1/8"
435.0
17-1/2"
444.5
17-7/8"
454.0
18-1/8"
460.4
18-1/2"
469.9
18-7/8"
479.4
19-1/4"
489.0
19-5/8"
496.6
20-7/8"
530.2
22-3/8"
568.3
17-7/8"
454.0
18-5/8"
19-3/4"
501.7
20-1/2"
511.2
20-1/2"
520.7
20-3/4"
527.1
21-1/8"
538.8
21-1/2"
546.1
21-7/8"
555.6
22-3/8"
568.3
23-1/2"
596.9
25-1/8"
638.2
20-1/2"
520.7
20"
21-1/8"
536.6
21-7/8"
546.1
21-7/8"
555.6
22-1/8"
562.0
22-1/2"
571.5
22-7/8"
581.0
23-1/4"
590.6
23-3/4"
603.3
24-7/8"
631.8
26-1/2"
673.1
21-7/8"
555.6
24"
25-1/8"
638.2
25-1/2"
647.7
25-7/8"
657.2
26-1/8"
663.6
26-1/2"
673.1
27"
711.2
27-3/8"
695.3
27-3/4"
704.9
28-7/8"
733.4
30-1/2"
774.7
25-7/8"
657.2
NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING SELECTION GUIDE NON-WELD CENTRALIZERS
CENTRALIZER SELECTION
Casing Size (in.)
Bow Type
Preferred Hole Size Combination (in.)
Casing Size (in.)
Bow Type
Preferred Hole Size Combination (in.)
4"
ST A0
--
10-3/4"
ST A0
12-1/4"
ST A1
--
ST A1
12-1/4"
ST A2
6-5/8"
ST A2
12-5/8"
ST A3
--
ST A3
13-1/2"
ST A4
--
ST A4
14-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A0
6", 6-1/8", 6-1/4"
ST A0
--
ST A1
6-1/2", 6-3/4"
ST A1
--
ST A2
--
ST A2
13-1/2"
ST A3
8-1/2", 8-3/4"
ST A3
12-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A4
9-7/8", 10-5/8"
ST A4
17-1/2"
ST A0
6-1/4", 6-1/2"
ST A1
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-1/2"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
ST A0
--
6-3/4"
ST A1
14-3/4"
ST A2
--
ST A2
15-1/2"
ST A3
8-1/2", 8-3/4"
ST A3
16"
ST A4
10-5/8", 11"
ST A4
17-1/2"
ST A0
6-5/8", 6-1/2", 6-3/4"
ST A0
17-1/2"
ST A1
--
ST A1
--
ST A2
7-1/8"
ST A2
18-1/2"
ST A3
8-3/8", 8-1/2", 8-3/4", 9-7/8"
ST A3
18-1/2"
ST A4
10-5/8", 11"
ST A4
20", 22"
ST A0
7-7/8"
ST A0
--
ST A1
8-1/2", 8-5/8"
ST A1
--
ST A2
8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A2
--
ST A3
10-5/8", 11"
ST A3
22"
ST A4
24"
ST A0
--
16"
18-5/8"
ST A4
12-1/4"
ST A0
8-3/8", 8-1/2"
ST A1
8-1/2", 8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A1
--
ST A2
8-1/2", 8-5/8", 8-3/4"
ST A2
22"
ST A3
10-5/8", 11"
ST A3
--
ST A4
12-1/4"
ST A4
24", 26"
20"
ST A0
--
ST A0
--
ST A1
9-1/2"
24"
ST A1
--
ST A2
9-7/8"
ST A2
26"
ST A3
12-1/4"
ST A3
--
ST A4
13-1/2"
ST A4
28"
ST A0
9-3/4", 9-7/8"
ST A0
--
ST A1
10-5/8"
ST A1
--
ST A2
--
ST A2
--
ST A3
12-1/4"
ST A3
--
ST A4
13-1/2"
ST A4
30", 32"
26"
ST A0
--
ST A0
--
ST A1
11"
30"
ST A1
--
ST A2
11-3/8"
ST A2
--
ST A3
11-3/4", 12-1/4", 12-1/2", 12-5/8"
ST A3
32"
ST A4
14-3/4", 15-1/2"
ST A4
34", 36"
To select the right product for application, basic considerations need to be examined. To help achieve the proper balance between starting force and restoring force, Weatherford offers centralizers with a wide range of bow heights and shapes as well as one piece aluminum rigid centralizers for deviated and horizontal wells. Starting Force and Moving (= Running) Force Test according to API SPEC 10D
F< W
F = Measured Starting and Running ( = Moving) Force W = Weight of 40 feet medium weight casing
The starting force is the maximum force required to start a centralizer into previously run casing. It should be less than the weight of 40 feet (12.2 meters) of medium weight casing.
Restoring Force Test According to API SPEC 10D Restoring Force
Test Positions
Centralizers for other casing and hole combinations available upon request. - Chart does not apply to Bow Spring Centralizers Subs
The restoring force is the force exerted by a centralizer against the casing to keep it away from the bore hole wall. Current API Specification 10D states that "67% may or may not be sufficient for a good cementation." Practical experience has shown that standoff values of 75 to 90% are adequate, even in horizontal wells.
8
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
S-SERIES CENTRALIZERS The Weatherford S-Series centralizer is the standard welded centralizer for casing-hole size combinations and is a high quality welded product that meets or exceeds API Specification 10D requirements. It offers a choice of six different bow heights, available for any casing/open hole configuration. The end collars are available as latch-on or slip-on. The S-Series features: ? Rigid Design - End bands are equipped with ribs to provide
rigidity to the bands. Bow springs are of high quality heattreated spring steel. ? Integral Hinge - Folded to the inside of the endbands so that,
once installed, it won't unfold even under extreme conditions. ? Self-Locking Hinge Pins - Equipped with a positive safety
locking device. ? Clearance - Since bow springs are attached to the O.D. of the
end collars, the centralizers may be installed over stop collars or casing collars. Product Number: S110 _ _ Latch-On. Available bow springs: 25, 30, 36, 46, 57 and 85.
B-SERIES CENTRALIZERS Some hole conditions do not require the same superior performance characteristics of the S-Series. In these instances, the B-Series centralizers offer an economical alternative. They are manufactured in a broad range of hole sizes and may be installed over the casing collars or stop collars. Product Number: B110 _ _ Latch-On Available bow springs: 25, 36 and 46.
SINGLE LINER CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are specifically designed for close tolerance applications where running drag must be minimal, yet the centering strength as high as possible. The uniquely-shaped bows accomplish this most effectively, making these centralizers the optimum solution. ? Available in Turbolizer styles ? Available as latch-on or slip-on ? Notched or lap-welded versions available ? Furnished with integral set screws ? Can be installed without set screws, between stop collars, for
casing rotation. Product Numbers :11216 Latch-on with lap-welded bows. :12212 Latch-on with notched-bows :12312 Slip-on with notched-in bows
9
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
TURBOLIZER™ CENTRALIZERS Weatherford Turbolizer centralizers have all of the characteristics of regular centralizers as far as starting and restoring forces are concerned. The main difference is that the Turbolizer centralizers have a built-in stop collar and deflector blades. These blades, or fins, deflect the fluid flow in a turbulent and outward directed spiral. SINGLE STRAIGHT (TURBOLIZER) CENTRALIZERS
The Turbolizer centralizer's fluid motion causes: ? Break up of cement and drilling fluids
channeling ? Deflection of mud and cement toward washed-
out sections of the well bore ? Improved filter cake removal ? Self-cleaning action which prevents the
Turbolizer centralizers from "balling-up”
? Choice of bow spring and deflector fin sizes ? Equipped with right or left handed fins ? Have integral set screws ? Meet API Specification 10D requirements in most casing
and hole combinations ? Fins are heat treated spring steel ? Have built-in stop collar on leading edge*
DOUBLE REVERSE BOW TURBOLIZER CENTRALIZERS ? Greater centering efficiency ? 360º wall coverage for increased load bearing area ? Lower starting force ? Available with integral stops ? Turbolizer fins on only one end so they can be installed
over stop collars ROTATING CENTRALIZERS (MODEL STT-1SL) Rotating centralizers were developed in response to industry requirements for centralizers that could be used with a rotating liner in highly deviated conditions. These centralizers offer the following features: ? High restoring force for optimum standoff ? Low moving force to minimize drag ? Allow free rotation of the pipe for maximum displacement
efficiency ? Over stop collar design minimizes moving forces while
reciprocating ? Meet or exceed API Specification 10D requirements
*Note: Single straight Turbolizer centralizers should never be installed over stop collars, any upset connections or over a casing collars.
10
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
RIGID CENTRALIZERS, LATCH-ON These centralizers provide positive standoff and centering, and can be used in both cased or open hole applications. In cased hole situations, they can be installed below casing hanging equipment and under liner hangers to facilitate proper setting. They offer: ? Single bar or double bar — Single bar versions are
recommended for cased hole applications; double bar for open hole. ? Available in various configurations — Available in latch-on
or slip-on versions and also in latch-on with integral stops.
RIGID T-BAR CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are custom built to suit severe service applications such as in subsea conditions and in large bore deviated holes where extreme axial and radial loads may be encountered. Either a T-bar or flat bar may be used to provide a large bearing surface to virtually eliminate well bore gouging. Options may include: ? Extra heavy-duty end collars ? Double rows of set screws ? Flat bar or T-bar staves ? Bronze cladding on stave ends to protect wellhead
equipment
THERMAL STABILIZERS (NOT SHOWN) Thermal stabilizers are used to insulate steam injection lines from the casing. The rigid stabilizers, with replaceable non-asbestos-compound insulation pads affixed to the bows, greatly reduce heat loss.
SPRIAL-TYPE MT CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are designed for use with multiple tubing strings (dual, triple, etc., or tubingless completions) run in one hole. The centralizers may be installed over close tolerance stop collars.
11
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
GRAVEL PACK CENTRALIZERS These centralizers are designed to give a minimal amount of drag resistance when ing through the previous casing or wellhead and then spring out to fit underreamed sections and washouts. ? Useful in sections where gravel packing is being
implemented ? Used for oversized holes ? Available with special clearance collars designed to go
through restrictions
DEPTH ORIENTATION MARKERS (DOM)™ Weatherford Depth Orientation Markers are patented* devices which exert a focused magnetic field inside the casing so that they will affect the casing collar locator tool and provide a downhole reference point. ? Used on flush t pipe where connections are hard to
detect ? Used with non-magnetic tubulars in corrosive service ? Provide a permanent benchmark on wells for future
production ? Made to match specific casing weights ? Offered in standard and close tolerance versions ? Will sometimes save a gamma ray run
MICRO-ANNULUS SEALS (CEMENT SEAL UNITS) Weatherford micro-annulus seals are used to block off possible gas or fluid migration along the casing-cement interface. This product offers the following features: ? Reduce interzonal communications ? Prevent gas pressure on the annulus ? Deter leakage of stimulation media up the annulus ? Minimize gas storage well leakage ? Decrease loss of injection media in injection wells ? Standard model is rated to 275°F (135°C) ? High temperature model rated to 400°F (204°C)
12
WELDED CENTRALIZERS
BOW SPRING SELECTION GUIDE — WELDED CENTRALIZERS Hole Size (in)
Casing Size (in inches) 2-3/8"
2-7/8"
3-1/2"
4-1/2"
5"
5-1/2"
6-5/8"
7"
7-5/8"
8-5/8"
9-5/8"
10-3/4"
11-3/4"
13-3/8"
16"
18-5/8"
20"
4-1/2" - 4-3/4"
30
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
5-3/4" - 6"
36
30
25
*12/16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
6-1/8" - 6-3/8"
46
30/36
30
*16
*12/16
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
6-1/2" - 6-3/4"
46
46
36
25
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
7-3/8" - 7-7/8"
57
46
46
36
30/36
25
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
8-3/8" - 8-5/8"
57
57
46
36/46
36
30/36
*16/25
*16
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
8-3/4" - 9"
85
57
57
46
46
36
25
25
*12
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
9-1/2" - 10"
85
85
85
57
46/57
46
36
36
25/30
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
10-5/8" - 11"
--
85
85
57/85
57
57
46
46
36
25/30
*12/16
--
--
--
--
--
--
12" - 12-1/4"
--
--
85
85
85
85
57
57
57
46
36
25
--
--
--
--
--
14" - 15-1/2"
--
--
--
--
85
85
85
85
85
57/85
46/57
46
36/46
--
--
--
--
17" - 18-5/8"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
85
57
57
46
25/36
--
--
19-1/2" - 20-1/2"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
57
--
--
22" - 23"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
46/57
46
24"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
57
46/57
26"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
85
57/85
Notes:
*1.Close Tolerance — Integral Stop-Collar *2.Where two bow spring sizes are indicated, the lower should be used for smaller hole sizes or with light weight casing and 2 centralizers per t installations. *3.Type 12 and 16 bow springs are identical, 12 is for notched-in, 16 for lap-welded Close Tolerance Centralizer
WELDED CENTRALIZER SPECIFICATIONS 12 Bow 16 Bow 25 Bow 30 Bow 36 Bow 46 Bow 57 Bow 85 Bow Casing Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Size (in.) Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. Max. Bow Comp. O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.) O.D. (in.)
13
4-1/2"
6.000
5.500
6.250
5.500
7.250
5.500
7.550
5.500
8.500
5.500
9.250
5.500
11.500
5.500
14.500
5.500
5"
6.500
6.000
6.750
6.000
7.875
6.000
8.250
6.000
8.750
6.000
9.750
6.000
12.000
6.000
15.000
6.000
5-1/2"
7.000
6.500
7.250
6.500
8.375
6.500
8.750
6.500
9.125
6.500
10.250
6.500
12.500
6.500
15.500
6.500
6-5/8"
8.125
7.625
8.375
7.625
9.500
7.625
9.875
7.625
10.375
7.625
11.375
7.625
13.625
7.625
16.625
7.625
7"
8.500
8.000
8.750
8.000
9.875
8.000
10.250
8.000
10.750
8.000
11.750
8.000
14.000
8.000
17.000
8.000
7-5/8"
9.125
8.625
9.375
8.625
10.500
8.625
11.000
8.625
11.500
8.625
12.375
8.625
14.625
8.625
17.625
8.625
8-5/8"
10.250
9.625
10.500
9.625
11.500
9.625
12.000
9.625
12.500
9.625
13.875
9.625
15.625
9.625
18.625
9.625
9-5/8"
11.250
10.750
11.500
10.750
12.500
10.750
13.000
10.750
13.500
10.750
14.875
10.750
16.625
10.750
19.625
10.750
10-3/4"
12.375
11.875
12.625
11.875
13.625
11.875
14.125
11.875
14.625
11.875
15.875
11.875
17.750
11.875
20.875
11.875
11-3/4"
13.375
12.875
13.625
12.875
14.625
12.875
15.125
12.875
15.625
12.875
16.875
12.875
18.750
12.875
21.875
12.875
13-3/8"
15.000
14.500
15.250
14.500
16.250
14.500
16.750
14.500
17.250
14.500
18.750
14.500
20.375
14.500
23.500
14.500
16"
17.625
17.125
17.875
17.125
18.875
17.125
19.375
17.125
19.875
17.125
21.375
17.125
23.000
17.125
26.125
17.125
18-5/8"
20.250
19.750
20.500
19.750
21.500
19.750
22.000
19.750
22.500
19.750
24.000
19.750
25.625
19.750
28.750
19.750
20"
21.625
21.125
21.875
21.125
22.875
21.125
23.375
21.125
23.875
21.125
25.375
21.125
27.000
21.125
30.125
21.125
ROLLER CENTRALIZERS
LoDRAG™ CENTRALIZER The LoDRAG centralizer is also a mechanical frictionreduction system that performs independently of drilling or completion mud film strength or lubricity. The small area of the rollers with the casing or borehole wall functions exceptionally well in underpressured conditions, where risk of differential sticking is high. LoDRAG tools have been used primarily to run casing and sand-control screens into unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. Using LoDRAG tools in these reservoirs can reduce axial drag by up to 60 percent. The LoDRAG tool can reduce axial friction in cased holes by similar percentages. The features of the LoDRAG centralizer include: LoDRAG™
? Rollers help to avoid plowing that can create major drag
problems ? Precision machined inside diameter provides excellent
rotational performance in mud ? Small roller area reduces differential sticking ? Rollers provide exceptional wear resistance ? Torque-reducing performance improves the cement
sheath ? The roller/axle relationship ensures that axle shear
stresses remain within elastic limits ? High quality construction materials improve high-pressure
/ high-temperature capabilities
The LoDRAG tools achieve optimum performance when: ? Casing, liner, and screens are being run into
horizontal and extended-reach wells ? Centralizer wear may compromise the cement
job ? Where HSE requirements ban the use of oil-
based and pseudo-oilbased mud ? Underpressured formations may cause
differential sticking LoTORQ™ CENTRALIZERS The majority of LoTORQ tools have been used in extended-reach wells to run and rotate long, heavy-wall liners where rotation provides an optimum cement sheath. Weatherford developed a mechanical friction (torque and drag) reduction system that performs independently from drilling/completion fluids. Analysis has shown that the small area of the rollers function exceptionally well in under-pressured conditions where the risk of differential sticking is high. The LoTORQ centralizers offers operators the same benefits as the LoDRAG centralizer but also serves well when long and/or heavy cemented liners are being rotated. LoTORQ™
14
FLOW ENHANCEMENT TOOLS
RIGID CENTRALIZERS Weatherford's broad offering of flow enhancement tools perform well in highly deviated and horizontal wells. They are designed in many sizes, materials and configurations to meet customer requirements, even under severe conditions. The rigid centralizers are generally constructed in one piece to add greater strength and are held in place by high load stop collars or set screws. The tools are designed to improve cement flow while promoting maximum standoff from the bore hole. SPIRAL RIGID CENTRALIZERS ? Blades overlap the entire 360º open hole circumference ? Reduced flow area between the spiral provides a vortex motion
for increased fluid velocity ? Extra length gives maximum centralization ? Spiral design provides optimum flow area ? Made of high strength, corrosion resistant cast aluminum ? Used with corrosion-resistant alloys (CRA) to negate ionic
transfer SHORT SPIRAL RIGID CENTRALIZERS ? Spiral blades increase annular turbulence ? Blades are set at an average of 45º for maximum fluid swirl ? Blades and collar made of abrasion-resistant mild steel ? Continuous welds secure blades to collars ? Available with or without set screws
SPIRAGLIDER® CENTRALIZERS ? Designed specifically for highly deviated and
horizontal wells ? Ideal for use with liner hangers ? Steel construction provides superior toughness
over other materials and alloys ? Fin design provides low coefficient of friction to reduce drag
forces while running pipe ? Fins create vortex flow to optimize mud displacement and
minimize pressure drop across the centralizer ? SPIRAGLIDER construction gives maximum standoff ? Fin design resists high sideloads ? Spiral blades yield to allow age through unexpected
undergauge open hole
Now Available in a Heavy Duty Version
15
STOP COLLARS
Weatherford stop collars limit the movement of mechanical cementing products on the pipe and are manufactured to withstand high axial forces. Four standard designs are available. JSH STOP COLLARS This hinged stop collar has an internal groove into which a spiral locking pin is driven, firmly wedging the collar into position around the casing. The JSH Stop Collar is used on both upset and non-upset casing and provides maximum annular clearance.
Model JSH Stop Collar (60900)
J5H STOP COLLARS The J5H Stop Collar has a cross-bolt design that makes installation quick and easy. This economical collar can be used where annular tolerances are not critical.
STOP COLLARS
in
J10H STOP COLLARS
Collar Type / Maximum O.D.
Size
JSH in
J5H mm
in
J4H mm
2-3/8" 2-7/8" 3-1/2"
4-3/4"
121
J10H / J10S
in
mm
3-3/8"
86
3-7/8"
98
4-1/2"
114
in
mm
4-1/2"
5-5/8"
143
5-3/4"
146
5-5/8"
143
5"
6-1/2"
156
6-1/4"
159
6-1/8"
156
5-1/5"
6-5/8"
168
6-3/4"
171
6-5/8"
168
6-5/8"
7-3/4"
197
7-7/8"
200
7-3/4"
197
7"
8-1/4"
209
8-1/4"
210
8-1/4"
209
7-5/8"
8-7/8"
225
8-7/8"
225
8-7/8"
225
8-5/8"
9-7/8"
251
9-7/8"
251
9-7/8"
251
9-5/8"
10-7/8"
276
10-7/8"
276
10-7/8"
276
10-3/4"
12"
305
12"
305
12"
305
11-3/4"
13"
330
13"
330
13"
330
13-3/8"
14-5/8"
371
14-5/8"
371
14-5/8"
371
17-1/2"
445
17-1/2"
445
20-1/8"
511
21-1/2"
546
21-1/2"
546
24"
25-1/5"
648
26"
27-5/8"
701
31-7/8"
810
16" 18-5/8" 20"
30" *Other sizes available
Model J5H Stop Collar (60500
This stop collar is for use on ca to 30 inches in diameter. A single row of set screws offers good gripping force and cost effectiveness.
Model J10H Stop Collar (60200)
J10S STOP COLLARS Superb solid collar set-screw device gives excellent gripping force, and used where high axial loads are expected
Model J10S Stop Collar (60300)
16
SPECIALTY TOOLS
WILDCAT™ SCRATCHER Weatherford’s Wildcat scratchers remove excessive wall cake and improve the cement bond between the casing and porous formations while reinforcing the cement column. Their hinged design makes them easy to install. For running in the hole, a series of scratchers is mounted on the casing string. The inclined external bristles abrade the wellbore during running and reciprocation. The scratchers feature large fluid-by slots and coiled bristles for bending durability.
Wildcat (51007)
RECIPROCATING WELLBORE WIPERS These wipers remove excess wall cake to improve cementto-formation bonding by producing a wiping action during running and reciprocation. A continuous, interlocking and overlapping loop of tempered-steel wire cable is laced into the hinged collars. A bolt holds the wipers in position and eliminates the need for stop collars. A hinged version is also available.
Reciprocating Wellbore Wiper
ROTATING WELLBORE WIPERS (MODEL 54850) Rotating wellbore wipers can be used when well conditions do not permit reciprocation of the casing string, but do permit rotation. The 60-inch long strips are clamped tightly to the casing at intervals along the length of the wiper. Note: Stop collars must be used with rotating wellbore wipers.
WELLBORE WIPERS Compressed O.D.
Casing Size
in.
mm
in.
mm
5360041
4-1/2"
11-1/8"
283
5-5/8"
143
5360051
5-1/2"
12-1/8"
308
6-5/8"
168
5360070
7"
13-5/8"
346
8-1/8"
206
5360075
7-5/8"
14-1/4"
362
8-3/4"
222
5360085
8-5/8"
15-1/4"
387
10-3/4"
248
5360095
9-5/8"
16-1/4"
413
9-3/4"
273
5360010
10-3/4"
17-3/8"
441
11-7/8"
302
5360013
13-3/8"
20"
508
14-1/2"
368
Other sizes upon request
17
Loop O.D.
Product Number
SPECIALTY TOOLS
PLUG-BACK STINGERS Weatherford offers for rent or sale full length ts of 6.5 lb/ft. 2 7/8" EUE 8rd N-80 tubing fully dressed with appropriate centralizers and cable scratchers. This configuration is effective with rotation and/or reciprocation, depending on hole conditions and rig capabilities. The centralizing and abrading action that the "PlugBack Stingers" provide greatly improves the mud displacement efficiency of the cement slurry. The small diameter stinger minimizes the possibility of mud contamination in the slurry as it is withdrawn from the plugged interval and provides a "weak" point in the drill string should problems cause the pipe to be cemented in. Weatherford has been renting 2 7/8" tubing dressed to set cement for over 20 years on the Gulf Coast. This service is now available from your local Weatherford representative. Tubing will come predressed with hinged rotating centralizers and scratchers. The entire string usually consisting of 10, 20, or 30 ts is racked and safely stored in baskets. Additional components that are available include the drill pipe wiper darts, up-jetted diverter sub, and handling tools. Handling tools can include a TS100 Spider, base plate and elevators. Crossovers and extensions are available as needed. CEMENT BASKETS (SOLID OR HINGED) Weatherford cement baskets protect weak formations from excessive hydrostatic pressure exerted by the weight of the cementing column. They are normally installed on the casing string above the weak formations, but they are also used in stagecementing or in cementing the annulus from the surface. Each basket’s overlapping metal fins provide maximum flexibility and fluid age while maintaining optimum characteristics.
“Plug-Back Stingers" provide greatly improves the mud displacement efficiency of the cement slurry.
Weatherford’s hinged baskets can be installed on upset pipe and can be disassembled for shipping and space economy. Special sizes upon request.
STANDARD CEMENT BASKET SPECIFICATIONS
Cement baskets should be installed over stop collars to facilitate pipe reciprocation.
CSG./ TBG. Size
Latch-on Type
No. of Bows
Slip-on Type
No. of Bows
Total Length
Basket O.D.
Min. Hole Size
3-1/2"
--
--
1835731
10
24-1/2"
11-1/2"
5"
4-1/2"
--
--
1835741
10
24-1/2"
12-1/2"
6"
5-1/2"
1825751
12
1835751
12
24-1/2"
13-1/2"
7-1/4" 8-3/4"
7"
1825770
14
1835770
14
24-1/2"
15"
7-5/8"
1825775
14
1835775
15
24-1/2"
15-5/8"
9-1/2"
8-5/8"
1825785
16
1835785
16
24-1/2"
16-5/8"
10-5/8"
9-5/8"
1825795
18
1835795
18
24-1/2"
17-5/8"
11-5/8"
10-3/4"
1825710
18
1835710
19
24-1/2"
18-3/4"
12-3/4"
11-3/4"
1825711
20
1835711
21
24-1/2"
19-3/4"
13-3/4"
13-3/8"
1825713
24
1835713
24
24-1/2"
21-3/8"
15-1/2"
16"
1825716
28
1835716
28
24-1/2"
24"
18"
18-5/8"
1825718
34
1835718
34
24-1/2"
26-5/8"
20-5/8"
20"
1825720
34
1835720
34
24-1/2"
28"
22"
18
Recommended Installation Patterns Choosing proper installation pattern for mechanical cementing products is essential to achieving desired results. For example, centralizers should be installed between stop collars in close-tolerance situations to avoid drag caused by increased starting forces. So your Weatherford representative for assistance in planning your cementation program. Weatherford will ensure that the products and the installation pattern will meet your operating requirements. This investment will pay dividends over the life of the well.
Case III: Between couplings and stop collars
Case I: Over stop collars
CASE I For optimal centering, centralizers are installed over stop collars. Installation on racks eliminates lost time. This pattern is not recommended in close tolerance
CASE II For optimum centering in close-tolerance pattern, centralizers are positioned between stop-collars. STA0 or STA1 bows are recommended. This pattern can be installed on racks. Close tolerance welded centralizers, with integral stop collars, are available alternatives.
CASE
III
In this alternate close-tolerance pattern, centralizers are installed between a stop collar and the casing coupling. This pattern allows limited centralizer travel and uses only one stop collar per centralizer. Installation should not be performed on racks.
Case IV: Over couplings
CASE IV Installation of centralizers over casing coupling reduces annular flow area, concentrates lateral loads at the coupling, and requires extra rig time. Weatherford does not recommend this pattern for close-tolerance conditions where STA0 bows would be used.
Weatherford International Ltd. 515 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 600 Houston, Texas 77027 USA Tel: 713-693-4000 weatherford.com
Case II: Between stop collars
Weatherford products and services are subject to the Company’s standard and conditions, available on request or at weatherford.com. For more information an authorized Weatherford representative. Unless noted otherwise, trademarks and service marks herein are the property of Weatherford. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Weatherford sells its products and services in accordance with the and conditions set forth in the applicable contract between Weatherford and the client.
© 2002-2009. Weatherford. All rights reserved.
71.03
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