Ket Recycling-elementary-english-with-key (1) (1).pdf 244vq

CONTENTS

( INTRODUCTION

5

GRAMMAR VOCABULARY

6

SECTION 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

SITUATIONS

Hello and goodbye Talking about yourself Making conversation Talking about language Likes and dislikes At a cafe or restaurant Telephoning Staying at a hotel Finding your way Reading signs and notices What’s on TV? Talking about people and objects The daily routine Telling people what to do Using buses, trains and taxis Planning a holiday Inviting, accepting and refusing Suggesting Asking permission Thanking and saying sorry

SECTION 2

VOCABULARY

21 22 23 24 25

Days, dates and times Nationalities, countries and languages Homes and furniture Families

26 27 28 29 30

Hobbies, sports and entertainment The body, health and fitness Shopping and clothes Places and buildings

31 32 33 34 35

Studying and working Food and drink Weather and scenery Doctors and dentists

R e c y c l in g

R e c y c l in g

R e c y c l in g

SECTION 3 36 37 38

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 43 44

46 48 50 52 53 54 56 58 60 61 62 64 66 68 69

GRAMMAR

Nouns Sentence forms Be

70 72 73

39 40

Question forms

41 42 43 44

Have Do Present simple Present continuous

45

Recycling

46 47 48 49 50

The future There is, There are, It is That clauses Modal verbs

51 52 53

Adjectives (1) Possessives Pronouns Past simple

54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Recycling

Recycling

Recycling

Present perfect Prepositions Past continuous Articles

78 79 80 82 84 86 88 89 90 92 94 95 96 98 100 102 104 106

Recycling

107 108

61 62 63 64 65

Adverbs (1) ives Linking words Countables and uncountables

110 112 113 114

Recycling

116

66 67 68 69 70

Adjectives (2) Gerund and infinitive Adverbs (2) Irregular verbs

118 120 122 123 124

Recycling

SECTION 4 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

WRITING

Spelling Postcards E-mails Notes and messages Letters to friends and family Formal letters Writing a diary Filling in forms Telling a story Correcting mistakes

IRREGULAR VERBS The Key begins on page 145 of the With Key edition.

4

74 76

126 128 130 132 134 136 137 138 140 142 144

INTRODUCTION Recycling Elementary English is for students at elementary level who want to learn general English. It also offers useful extra practice to those preparing for the Cambridge Key English Test (KET). It can be used to supplement any coursebook at this level, and is suitable for use in the classroom, for homework, or (in the case of the With Key edition) for self-study. The book aims to provide: • coverage of the four main areas of difficulty at this level —situations, vocabulary, grammar and writing • short, clear explanations and examples • a variety of exercise types, with illustrations to aid learning • a clear, attractive layout, so that the material is easy to use. Recycling Elementary English is divided into four distinct sections: Section 1 SITUATIONS (20 units) This section covers a wide range of situations and functions needed at elementary level, selected from the KET syllabus. It comes first in the book to show students how important it is to be able to use English in real-life contexts. Section 2 VOCABULARY (15 units) This section presents and practises vocabulary from twelve KET topics. Section 3 GRAMMAR (35 units) This is the longest section of the book, covering all the major grammatical points at KET level. Section 4 WRITING (10 units) This section offers clear guidance on a variety of different writing tasks, with study tips, help with spelling and correcting mistakes, and useful expressions to learn and practise. Recycling U nits are an important element of this book. They occur in Sections 2 and 3

after every four units, to help students and practise new material. Previous items are also recycled, not just those from the previous group of units. How should the book be used? Each section is independent of the others and can be used at any stage. In Section 3 there is a planned progression of grammar items from Units 36 to 70, so students studying on their own should work through the units in order. Recycling units are also best used in the correct sequence - for example, Unit 25 after Units 21-24. What comes next? This book is part of a series by the same author, ranging from elementary to advanced. Recycling Intermediate English is for lower-intermediate to intermediate students, and those preparing for the Cambridge Preliminary English Test (PET). Recycling Your English is for upper-intermediate students, and those preparing for the Cambridge First Certificate examination (FCE). Recycling Advanced English is for advanced students, and those studying for the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) or the revised Certificate of Proficiency in English (E) examinations.

5

GRAMMAR VOCABULARY A VERB is a doing word, which tells you what is happening, what happened in the past, or what will happen. It can be used in different forms, depending on the time of the action and the number of people who are doing it: • I wrote a letter.

• She speaks very quietly.

• People were surprised.

A SENTENCE is a group of words with a working verb. Many English sentences have a subject, verb and object: • The dog ate the biscuit. The SUBJECT of a sentence usually comes before the verb: • The bus arrived a little late.

• They live in Spain.

The OBJECT of a sentence usually comes after the verb: • I put the cheese in the fridge. An AUXILIARY VERB helps another verb to do its work. Auxiliary verbs are be (used to make ive and continuous forms), have (used with the present perfect), and do (used to make questions and negatives): • He was born in Paris.

• Have you seen her?

• I don’t know the answer.

A NOUN is a way of naming people, animals or things. It can be singular, plural or uncountable: • a Scottish castle • all the students • some new information SINGULAR means only one of something. If the subject is singular, the verb is also singular: • A boy was climbing the tree. PLURAL means more than one of something. If the subject is plural, the verb is also plural: •

The paintings were very expensive.

An ARTICLE is used before a noun: Definite article: • We enjoyed the sunshine. Indefinite article: • I saw a film last week. A PRONOUN is used instead of a noun: • She watched television.

• They looked happy.

An ADJECTIVE describes a noun, or is used with verbs like be or seem: • a wonderful day

• She is unhappy.

• He seems helpful.

An ADVERB describes a verb, or an adjective, or another adverb: • He’s very intelligent.

6

• They walked extremely fast.

• She sings well.

G rammar vocabulary LINKING WORDS are used to up sentences or parts of sentences: • I like chocolate, but it makes me ill.

• He came in and went to bed.

A PREPOSITION is a small word used before a noun or pronoun to link it to the rest of the sentence: • I went to London. • We live near the school. • The key is on the table. A POSSESSIVE is a word which shows that something belongs to somebody: • She’s the teacher whose class we’re in. REGULAR means following the rules of grammar, spelling etc. IRREGULAR means the word does not follow the rules, so you need to learn it separately. Regular verb: • ask ~ asked ~ asked Irregular verb: • write ~ wrote ~ written Regular plurals: •pen ~pens

• baby ~ babies

Irregular plural: • man ~ men (See the list of irregular verbs on page 144, Unit 36 for irregular plurals and Unit 71 on spelling.) A CLUE is anything which can help you to find the right answer. (Detectives use clues to catch criminals!) Exam ple:

Singular or plural verb? The books________ on the desk yesterday. Answer: were The clue is books. Because books is a plural subject, you need to use a plural verb form, like are or were, not is or was. A VOWEL is one of these letters: a e i o u A CONSONANT is any of the letters in the alphabet except the vowels.

7

UNIT 1 H ello and goodbye

("Good m orning.J

It's good afternoon, I think!

Meeting someone you know A A A A

Hello, how are you? B Oh, not bad, and you? Fine, thanks. B Good. How's college? It's OK. How's work? B Fine, thanks. Well, see you later. B Yes, see you. Bye.

Meeting someone you don't know A Hello, pleased to meet you. B Pleased to meet you, too. A What's your name? B Tm Julia. What's yours? A I'm Alex. Can I get you a coffee? B Yes, please.

A Complete the conversation with words from the study box.

B Oh, not 2) A OK, thanks. 3)

. And you? ____ work?

B Fine, 4 ) ______

How’s the family?

A They’re all OK. B Well, see you 5)

______ , Fred.

A Yes, 6 ) ________

8

you?

A Hello, John, how 1)

you. Bye.

U nit 1

B Put this conversation in the right order.

S p e a k e rA a Oh, not bad.

S peak er B e Yes, see you. Bye.

b Hello, how are you?

f

c Well, see you later,

g Fine, thanks, and you?

d It’s OK. How’s work?

h Good. How’s school?

a I’m Mick. Can I get you a coffee?

d I’m Jane. What’s yours?

b Hello, pleased to meet you.

e Yes, please,

c What’s your name?

f

It’s fine, thanks,

C Now do the same with this conversation.

Pleased to meet you, too.

Ways of saying goodbye Goodbye.

Bye. See you soon.

See you later. See you.

A Well, good luck with the exams.

B Thanks. A Goodbye.

A Well, have a great time at the party! B I will. A Bye! A Have a good weekend.

B And you! A See you.

A Have a wonderful holiday A Hope you enjoy yourself.

D Someone is saying goodbye to you. Choose the best answer from the brackets ( ).

B Thanks, I will. A Bye. B Thanks. A Bye then.

Have a great time at the party! (Thanks / Please.)

2 Have a good weekend. ________ 3 I hope you enjoy yourself. _____

(And you / You also.) __ (I will enjoy / I will.)

4 Have a wonderful holiday. ____ (Thank you for your wishes / Thanks, I will.) 5 Good luck with the exams!

OVER TO YOU

Someone says ...

(I will / Thanks.)

What’s your reply?

Hi there! How are you? Pleased to meet you. What’s your name? How’s school? How’s work? Have a good weekend! Have a wonderful holiday!

9

UNIT 2 Talking about yourself My name is Susie.

I live at 82 Hinton Street.

I live in Wales. I come from Wales. I'm single.

I'm engaged.

I live in Cardiff.

I'm Welsh.

I'm married. I'm divorced.

I live in a flat. I live in a house. I speak English. I'm a student.

I speak Welsh. I speak French and Arabic. I'm a nurse.

I'm a teacher. I'm a doctor.

I'm studying maths. I'm studying art. I'm studying science. I work in an office. I work on a farm. I work in a shop. I like reading.

I like travelling.

I like listening to music.

I like playing tennis.

(See Unit 43 on the present simple, and Unit 57 on prepositions.)

A Complete each sentence with one or two words from the study box.

My.

Susie.

I _

from Wales,

I _

in a house.

I _

English and Welsh,

I _

a student.

I

science.

At weekends I 8 In my free time I

B Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions.

in a shop. __ reading magazines.

1 I liv e _____________ Buenos Aires. 2 We liv e ______ 104 Wilbury Drive. 3 I liv e _____ Norway. 4 I com e_____ Ireland. 5 I liv e _____ a flat. 6 I like listening_____ music. 7 I w ork_____ a farm.

C Look at the pictures and complete the sentences about this man.

1 My name’s __________________. I live a t ____________________ . ^ I live i n ___________. It’s a city i n _________________ . 4 I’m ________________ . 5 I live in a ________________ . 6 I speak_________________ a n d _________________ . I’m studying________________ . 8 On Saturdays I ________________ .

OVER TO YOU

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

What’s your name?

__________________

Where do you live?

__________________

2

Where do you come from?

.______________

What’s your nationality? Are you a student, or do you have a job?

__________________

If you have a job, where do you work?

__________________

Are you single or married?

__________________

What languages do you speak?

__________________

What subjects are you studying?

__________________

What do you like doing in your free time?

__________________

11

UNIT 3 M aking con versation What's your name? Where do you come from? What languages do you speak? Are you a student? What subjects are you studying? What do you do? (to ask about someone's job) Where do you live? What do you do in your free time? What kind of music do you like? (See Unit 43 on the present simple, and Unit 39 on question forms.) i

A Complete the questions with words from the study box.

B Look at this conversation and find the right answers to the questions.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

What’s vour

1 2 3 4 5

What’s your name?

A I’m from Spain.

Where do you come from?

B I live in Barcelona.

?

do vou come from? What

do vou speak?

What

are vou

What do vou

?

?

Where do vou

?

do vou do in vour What

of music

time? vou like?

C I’m studying economics. What subject are you studying? D Maria Fernandez Garcia. E I speak Spanish, Catalan Where do you live? and English. What languages do you speak?

U nit 3

You can use short questions to keep the conversation going: A I'm a teacher. B Are you? A Yes, I teach history. A I live in Paris. B Do you? A Yes, it's a lovely city. A I like Italian food.

B Do you? A Yes, it's my favourite.

Make your voice sound interested when you say Are you? Do you? Here are some more ways of showing interest in the other person: Really? How interesting! How lovely!

C Write B's short questions in reply to A.

D Choose a way of showing interest from the study box, and write B's answers.

E Ask the questions, and then answer them.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

What do you think?

A I’m from Iceland. A I speak Russian.

B

A I’m studying Danish. A I’m a doctor.

B B

A I live in Oslo.

B

A I go shopping at weekends.

B

A I really like jazz.

B

1 A My wife and I had a romantic dinner for two. 2 A Chile is 4090 km long. 3 A Jane thinks I should change my job. 4 A I met Brad Pitt the other day. 5 A William usually has a holiday in May.

B

B B

!

B

?

B

!/? ?

B

1 Where / you / come from?

2 Where / you / liv e?_______ 3 4 5 6 7

What languages / you / speak? You / student?_______________ What subjects / you / study? What / you / do / free time? _ What / music / you / lik e?__

13

UNIT 4 Talking about language What does it mean? What does that mean? What does ' _ _ ' mean? I'm sorry, I don't understand. Can you explain? Can you repeat it, please? Can you speak more slowly, please? Sorry? Pardon? What did you say? Is it a noun or a verb? Is it a number or a preposition? Is it an adverb or an adjective? Is it singular or plural? Is it regular or irregular? How do you spell it? How do you use it? (See Grammar vocabulary on page 6.)

A Complete the questions or sentences with words from the study box.

1 What does it

2 W h at_______

‘bench’ mean?

3 I’m sorry, I don’t ___________. 4 ___________you repeat it, please? 5 Can y o u ___________more slowly, please?

6 Sorry? What did y o u ___________? 7 Is i t ___________or plural? 8 Is it regular or

B Match the questions with the answers to make three short conversations. (See Unit 64 for help with uncountable nouns.)

1 What does ‘luggage’ mean? Can you repeat it, please? ^ Is it singular or plural?

A OK. Luggage.

1 Can you speak more slowly, please?

D It’s a noun.

2 What does ‘occupation’ mean?

E It means your job.

3 Is it a noun or a verb?

F OK. What’s ... your ... occupation?

1 Sorry? What did you say?

G H.E.S.I.T.A.T.E.

2 What does ‘hesitate’ mean?

H I said ‘hesitate’. I It means you’re not sure what to do.

2

3 How do you spell it?

14

B It’s uncountable. C The bags or suitcases that you carry your clothes in when you travel.

U nit 4

C Look at the signs. Ask someone what they mean, using questions from the study box.

ONLY

4

NO SMOKING

PAY AND DISPLAY

5

RESERVED FOR PRIVATE USE

NO ENTRY

6

STAFF CARS ONLY

4 5 6

D Ask someone about these words. Use questions from the study box and the words in brackets ().

1 export (noun or verb?)___________________________ 2 slowly (adverb or adjective?)___________________________ 3 people (singular or plural?)___________________________ 4 forget (noun or verb? (regular or irregular?)___________________________ 5 for (number or preposition?)___________________________

OVER TO YOU

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

1 You’ve won a million dollars!

__________________

2 I bought a clematis yesterday.

__________________

3 It’s a difficult name to .

__________________

4 Bingo!

__________________

5 In 1997 there were 2,300, in 1998 there were 6,500, in 1999 I think it was 10,310, in 2000 there were ... Have you written all this down?

__________________

15

UNIT 5 Likes and dislikes I like computer games. I love watching TV. I enjoy skiing. I like football very much. I don't like meat (at all). I dislike potatoes. I hate rude people. I'm interested in science. I'm keen on rock music. I'm fond of reading love stories. My favourite pop group is The Corrs. What do you think o f ...? I love it. I like it. I hate it. What kind of food do you like? Do you like oranges? I like meat and I like fish too. I don't like sweets or cakes. I don't like fantasy films, and I don't like horror films either. It's a really good / great / fantastic magazine /CD/ team / book. It was a really bad / awful / boring game / film / concert / party.

A Complete the sentences with words from the study box.

1 I love 2 I

TV. ice hockev verv

3 I’m

of travelling.

4 I’m

in Indian cookery.

5 I’m

on Indian cookery.

6 My .

group is Westlife. good book. You must read it!

7 It’s a

B Match the two parts of the sentences. Use each part only once.

C Complete the conversation with words from the study box.

8 It was a really

film. I hated it!

1 My favourite singer 2 I’m fond

A dancing very much. B on learning languages.

3 I’m interested

C of horses.

4 I like

D playing squash at all.

5 I’m keen

E in photography.

6 I don’t like

F is Robbie Williams.

A What do you 1) B It’s reallv 2)

. You must 3)

love stories! A But I don’t 4) B Don’t vou? What kind 5) you like? A I’m 6) B Oh. I 7)

16

of the book?

on crime stories. like them at 8)

it!

U nit 5

D Put this conversation between two people in the right order. Start with b.

a Oh, it’s my favourite book! b What did you think of Lord o f the Rings? You saw it last night, didn’t you? c I didn’t like that either. I only read a few pages, d Awful? No, it was great! Why didn’t you like it? e Really? f

Oh I see. What about the book?

g I thought it was awful. What about you? h I don’t like fantasy films very much.

E Choose from the box two things you hate, two things you don't like, two things you like or enjoy, and two things you love (or use your own ideas). Complete the sentences.

going shopping for food

buying new shoes

sunbathing

having a bath

using the internet

cooking for my friends

going for long walks

formal clothes, like suits

writing letters

people who never say they’re sorry

sleeping late

pop music

holidays with my family

hot weather

I h a te____________________________ . I h a te____________________________ . I don’t lik e ___________________________ . I don’t lik e ___________________________ . I lik e _____________________________. I enjoy___________________________. I lo v e ____________________________ . I lo v e ____________________________ .

O VER TO YO U

What kind o f food do you like? What food do you dislike? What do you like doing in your free time? What kind of music do you like? What sports do you like watching or playing? (See U nit 32 for names o f food, and U nit 26 for hobbies and sports.)

17

UNIT 6 A t a cafe or restaurant At a cafe A Hello, what would you like? B I'd like a coffee and a croissant, please. A What can I get you? B An apple juice, please. A Yes, can I help you? B A cheese and tomato sandwich, please, and a mineral water with ice and lemon. Can I see the menu, please? How much is that, please?

A Answer the waiter's questions, using the food and drink in the pictures. a piece of chocolate cake 1 What would you like?

a mineral water with ice and lemon

I’d

a packet of crisps

2 What can I get you?

At a restaurant A Good evening. How many of you? B There are eight of us. A There's a table for eight here. B Thank you. Can we see the menu? A Here it is. Would you like a drink? B Yes, please. Can we see the wine list? That was delicious! Can I have the bill, please? Do you take credit cards?

18

, please.

U nit 6

B You and three friends are entering a restaurant. Put this conversation in the right order.

C Match what the customer says with the correct replies.

D Complete this conversation in a restaurant, by filling in the gaps.

^ S ta rte r} IfoK' /X/yy*"' yisy- (/ytwvvhojy. <sw farm- «• UA+Jir*- tS&tn* Uf tMOV*

M diit

V -

Course}

owirr* vjtxvxrx ■*

Desserts

-v' IM. c***-

OVER TO YOU

You

a Good evening. A table for four?

d Yes, three Pepsis and an orange juice, please.

b Here it is. Would you like a drink?

e Thanks. Can we see the menu?

c This way, please. Over here.

f

C ustom er

W aiter

1 Can we have the bill, please?

A I’m glad you enjoyed it.

2 Do you take credit cards?

B Certainly, I’ll get it for you.

3 Are you open at weekends?

C It comes to £35.50.

4 How much is it?

D Visa and Mastercard are fine.

5 It was delicious!

E Yes, but we’re closed on Mondays.

W aiter

C ustom er

to

V*L

Yes, please.

Before the meal Are vou readv to 1) now?

Yes. I’d 2) soup as a 3)

Soup, right, and then for your 4) course?

I’ll just have a cheese omelette, I think.

Would vou like a 5) to follow?

Ice cream, please, if you’ve got it.

OK, and what would you like to drink?

A sparkling mineral water, please, with 6) and lemon.

«A-

f*fk(A*n A W -^ y

vrjsj

W aiter

the

After the meal Was everything all right?

Delicious, thank you.

Oh good. Would you like a coffee?

No. just the 7) please.

Certainlv. I’ll 8) it for you.

Do vou 9) cards?

American Express is 10)

Oh, that’s good.

credit

Do you have a favourite restaurant? What’s your favourite thing on the menu?

19

UNIT 7 T eleph on in g A A A A

Can I speak to Mr Lodge, please? B I'm afraid he's in a meeting. Can I help? Can you take a message, please? B Yes, certainly Just say Beth phoned. B I will. Thank you. Goodbye. B Goodbye.

A A A A

Hi, Liz, it's Mandy here.B Oh hi, Mandy. How are things? Oh, not bad, you know. B Are you going tothe cinema tonight? I think so. Are you? B Yes. Shall we go together? Good idea. I'll collect you at 7. B Thanks. Ring me onmy mobile if you're going to be late. A OK. See you later. B See you!

Hello, can I speak to Nick, please? Oh hi, Nick. It's Sarah here. U C X i'

A Put each of these phone conversations in the right order.

1 a Yes, I’m Tony Simpson. b Hello, can I speak to the manager, please? z a Can I speak to Mrs Walker, please? b Thank you. Goodbye. c Just say Edward rang. d Can you take a message, please? O o a Oh, not bad, you know. b Yes, I think so. How about you? c Hi, Steve, it’s Lucy here. d Great idea. 7.30 at your place?

20

Hi Sarahl)

Hold on a moment, Mr Simpson. d Can I have your name, please?

c

e

Goodbye.

f Yes, certainly. g Right, I’ll tell her. h She’s in a meeting. Can I help? e Probably. Shall we meet up and go together? f See you then! g Hi there, Lucy. How are things? Are you going to Matt’s h tonight?

U nit 7 4 a That’ll be fine. b I’d like to make an appointment, please. c Dr Ellis. d I’m Caroline Wyatt. e Thanks very much. Bye.

B Complete the sentences with words from the study box.

1 Can vou take a 2 Hello, can I

f

Is Friday morning at 10 o’clock OK? g Who would you like to see? h That’s fine, then. Friday at 10 o’clock with Dr Ellis. i Goodbye. j And your name, please? . please? to Yasmin, please?

3 I’m afraid he’s in a

•

?

4 Hi there. Joe. How are 5 Mr Wright’s office. Can I 6 OK. vou can collect me at 8 o’clock. Bye.

C You are answering the phone. What would you say in this conversation?

vou? vou then.

Hello, can I speak to Tina Brown, please? Well, can I leave a message, please? It's Jeff Jones speaking. Just ask her to ring me on my mobile when she's free. She has the number. (

D Find the best answer to each question. Use each item only once.

Thanks. Goodbye?

1 Can I speak to Matt Peacock, please?

A This week or next week?

2 Hello, Steve. How are you?

B 0793 8705144.

3 Can I make an appointment for Friday?

C Not bad, and you?

4 Can you take a message, please? D That would be great. 5 Shall I collect you at 6.30? E I’m sorry, he’s not here. 6 What’s your mobile number?

F Yes, o f course.

21

UNIT 8 Staying at a h otel a single room a double room a family room with air conditioning with a balcony with a view of the sea / the mountains bed and breakfast half board full board to book a room to spend a night in a hotel to check in to check out to pay the bill manager receptionist room service credit card Is there a private bathroom? Is it a non-smoking room?

A Match these words or phrases with their meanings.

1 check in

A a room and all meals

2 a double room

B something attractive to see out of the window

3 full board

C a room for two people D to give the hotel money to pay for your stay

4 book a room 5 bed and breakfast

E having food or drink brought to your room

6 a view

F to tell the receptionist you have arrived at the hotel

7 a receptionist 8 a credit card

G to arrange to stay at a hotel H a person who answers the phone at a hotel, or deals with people arriving

9 pay the bill

I

10 room service

B Now use some of the words and phrases to complete these sentences.

a room and breakfast

J a way of paying without using cash

1 There are four of us, so we’ll need tw o ______

rooms.

because I enjoy 2 I always ask for a room with a _____________ looking at the mountains. 3 We’re only spending a night at the hotel, so we just want ________________ a n d _________________. 4 Can you phone the hotel a n d ________________ our rooms for tomorrow, please? 5 We want to have all our meals in the hotel, so we’ve booked before six says we must 6 The in the evening. If we arrive late, they may let someone else have our room. 7 The bath was dirty, so I complained to th e ________________ . 8 Can you c a ll________________ and ask them to send up some coffee and biscuits?

22

U nit 8

C Mr Marsh is phoning the Blue Bay Hotel. Complete the conversation with words from the study box.

a room for tonight, please?

Mr Marsh:

Can 1 1 )_______

Receptionist:

A 2 ) ___________or a double, sir?

Mr Marsh:

A double, please, with private 3 ) ___________and a 4 ) __________ of the sea.

Receptionist: You can have number 15, sir. What time will you 5 ) __________ in? Mr Marsh:

About 5 o’clock this afternoon.

Receptionist: And would you like full 6 ) ___________? and breakfast. No, thank you, just 7) Mr Marsh: Receptionist: That’s fine, sir. We’ll see you later. Mr Marsh:

D Mr and Mrs Marsh are now in room 15 at the hotel. Mrs Marsh is on the phone. Complete the conversation with phrases from the box. There are two more than you need.

Yes, goodbye.

chicken sandwich halfboard Mrs Marsh:

credit card

mineral water

room service ten minutes

Hello, is that 1 )____________

Hotel employee: Yes, madam, can I help you? Mrs Marsh:

Yes, can you send up a 2 ) ___ and a bottle o f 3 ) _____________________ to room 15, please.

Hotel employee: Certainly, madam. The waiter will be there in 4 ) _____________________. Mrs Marsh: Thank you very much.

E The Marshes are leaving, and Mr Marsh is paying the bill. Match the receptionist's replies (A-C) with what Mr Marsh says (1-3).

1 We’d like to check out, please. 2 Do you take credit cards? 3 Oh good. Here’s my card, then. A Visa and Mastercard only, sir. B Thank you very much, sir. C Here’s your bill, sir.

OVER TO YOU

Do you like staying at hotels? Why or why not? Have you stayed in a hotel you really liked or didn’t like? What was good or bad about it?

23

.

UNIT 9 Finding your way

Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the post office? Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the market? Could you tell me where the nearest bank is, please? Go up / down / along the road. Turn right at the corner / traffic lights. Turn left at the roundabout into Church Street. Take the first turning (on the) left. Go straight on. Go over the bridge / crossroads. Go past the library. It's very near the cinema. It's opposite the theatre. It's on the corner of North Street and Market Street. You'll see it on the left / right. It's not far. You can't miss it. (See Unit 29 on places and buildings.)

A Look at the map. Choose different places to start from, and ask for directions to 1) the hospital 2) the police station 3) the post office 4) the market Answer the questions by giving directions. Practise in pairs if you can.

Sports centre

Petrol station

Secondary school

Swimming pool ^ Police station Hospital Bus station

Theatre Cinema

Post office

Railway station Tourist office

Museum

Bank

Supermarket Market

Library Petrol station CROWN STREET

24

Health centre

U nit 9

B Complete the four conversations about finding the way, using words from the study box. Put one word in each space.

1 A Excuse 1 )___________, could you 2 ) ___________ me the way to the supermarket? B Yes, 3 ) ___________left into North Street. You’ll see 4 ) ___________on the right. A Thank you. 2 A 1 )___________me, can you tell me 2 ) ___________ the bank 3 ) ___________ ? B Go down the 4 ) ___________, and it’s 5 ) ___________ the museum, 6 ) ___________the corner of New Road and Bond Street. A Thank you. 3 A Excuse me, could you tell me the way 1 )___________the post office? B Yes. Take the first 2 ) ___________on the right. It’s not 3 ) ___________. You can’t 4 ) ___________ it. A Thank you very much. 4 A Excuse me, 1 )___________can I get to the cinema? B Go over the bridge and 2 ) ___________left. You’ll see the cinema 3 ) ___________the right. It’s very 4 ) ___________ the garage. A Thanks a lot.

C Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1 You can cross a river by using a bridge / roundabout. 2 The best place to buy stamps is a post office / museum. 3 If you break your arm, you need to go to the hospital / police station. 4 Most people go to school / the cinema in the evenings or at weekends. 5 At the supermarket / garage you can buy everything you need for the week’s meals. 6 The bus driver waited for the bus station / traffic lights to turn green. 7 If you want to get to the bank, turn / take left at the next corner. 8 Could you tell me the way / road to the hospital please?

OVER TO YO U

Where is the hospital in your town? Where is the police station? Where is your home?

25

UNIT 10 Reading signs and n otices A Match these words from signs and notices with their meanings.

1 goods

A to mend or fix something

2 no parking

B how much money you have to pay for something

3 residents

C you buy a ticket for this and watch it in a theatre D don’t park here E when a shop sells its goods more cheaply than usual F a journey on a plane G people who live in an area H the money you pay for a bus, train or plane ticket I a shop selling medicines and make-up J the money you get back in a shop when you give more than the price of something K things which you buy or sell L a place or situation which isn’t safe

4 fare 5 danger 6 price 7 a flight 8 a show 9 change 10 a chemist’s 11 repair 12 sale

B Where can you see these notices? Choose the correct answer.

FLIGHTS TO STOCKHOLM GATE 2A

NO SMOKING AT THESE TABLES

3

a) in a cafe

a)

at a station

b) in a school

b)

at an airport

c) in an office

c)

at a bus stop

QUEUE HERE FOR TODAY’S SHOW

4

a) on a bank window b) on a house window c) 0n a shop window

a) outside a shop b) outside a post office c) outside a theatre 5

26

PLEASE WAIT TO BE SEATED

50% OFF

6

NO CREDIT CARDS ACCEPTED a) on a bus

a) in a bank b) in a restaurant

b) outside a house

c) on a train

c) in a shop

U nit 10

C Match each sentence

A

with the correct notice.

NO CHANGE GIVEN EXACT FARES ONLY

C

DANGER! KEEP OUT

F

MARINA CINEMA Adults £5 Children £2.50

D

B

IN CASE OF FIRE, DO NOT USE THE LIFT E

RESIDENTS’ PARKING ONLY G

SLOW DOWN SCHOOL

PHOTOS READY IN ONE HOUR

1 Tourists must not leave their cars here. 2 Tickets for children are half price. 3 You must have the right money for this. 4 It is not safe to go in. 5 They can develop your films very fast for you here. 6 Use the stairs to get out, if there is a fire. 7 Do not drive fast - there are children here.

D Look at the notices. Are

1

SA LE MUST END 31 ST AUGUST

2

FRENCH SPOKEN H ERE

3

BOOTS THE CHEM IST

4

OPEN MONDAY TO FRIDAY ONLY

the sentences true (T) or false (F)? Write T or F after each sentence.

BREWINS FOR MEAT

6

SPEED CAM ERAS

8

A LL ELEC TR IC A L GOODS REPAIRED

EXIT

1 You can buy things at specially low prices in September. 2 People here can speak Finnish to you. 3 You can buy medicines here. 4 This shop is open at weekends. 5 You can buy vegetables here. 6 They can mend your video recorder here. 7 This is a good place for you to take photos. 8 This is the way out.

27

UNIT 11 W h a t ’s on T V ? What's on television? What's on TV (tonight)? What's on tonight? What time does the programme start? Which channel is it on? Let's watch ... We could watch... Shall we watch...? We could video BBC1 BBC2 CNN Channel 4 Channel 5 Sky Sports a documentary a play a soap opera a film a cartoon a series a quiz show a chat show commercials the news (See Unit 18 on suggesting.)

A Match these words with their meanings.

B Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

1 a documentary

A a film that tells an amusing story by using moving drawings

2 a quiz show

B a piece o f writing acted on television or in the theatre

3 a soap opera

C a programme that gives facts about a subject

4 a cartoon

D ments - very short films to make us buy things

5 a series

E a story filmed for the cinema or television, a movie

6 a play

F a programme about the lives of a group of people, shown once or more every week

7 a film

G a programme where people have to answer questions

8 commercials

H a number of TV programmes about the same subject

1 The Simpsons - that’s my favourite___________. The whole family are drawn so well. 2 I really enjoy a good T V ___________, especially if I’ve already seen it at the theatre. 3 I love watching o ld _________ _ on TV. Gone with the Wind is on tonight. 4 While th e ___________are on, I usually go to the kitchen and make a cup of coffee! and try to answer the questions 5 We often w atch________ ourselves. ________ . He talked a 6 Last night I saw David Beckham on a lot about his family.

28

U nit 11 7 That programme sounds good. W hich____________ is it on? 8 We’ll be out tonight, so we’d better_____________ that film.

C Why do you watch TV programmes? Match the sentences (1-5) with the best reasons (A-E).

1 I like watching the news because ... 2 I like watching quiz shows because ... 3 I like watching cartoons because ... 4 I don’t like commercials because ... 5 I like watching soap operas because ... A you get to know the people. B it tells me what’s happening in the world. C they interrupt the programmes. D it’s fun trying to answer the questions. E the drawings make me laugh.

D Complete this conversation.

A What’s on 1 )___________tonight? B There’s a chat 2 ) ___________. A We could 3 ) ___________that. B Yes, and maybe the news? A Yes, OK. B Wait a minute, there’s a good film 4 ) ___________, too. A Oh, is there? Well, let’s forget about the 5 )___________and the 6) __________ . B Yes, let’s just watch the 7 ) ___________. It’s got Tom Cruise in it. A Fantastic! What time does it 8 ) ___________?

E Put this conversation between two people in the right order, starting with c.

a And what channel is the film on? b Oh, let’s just listen to some music instead, c What time does the documentary start? d Channel Four. e So we could video the film and watch the documentary, f

OVER TO YOU

8 o’clock, I think.

What kind of TV programmes do you like, and why? What kind of programmes do you dislike, and why? What’s your favourite programme? How much television do you watch every day?

29

UNIT 12 Talking about p eop le and objects Shape: fat slim thin short tall Hair: dark blonde grey short long straight curly Character: (positive) kind polite generous sociable (negative) selfish rude mean shy What does he / she look like? He has a beard / a moustache. She has blue eyes. She wears glasses. What is he / she like? He's a very kind person. She's very mean. He's polite to everybody.

A Match these words from the study box with their meanings.

1 sociable 2 mean 3 a moustache 4 straight 5 slim 6 blonde

B Match the opposites.

1 generous 2 short 3 fat 4 straight 5 polite 6 long

7 sociable C Look at the pictures and the descriptions of Sam and Lizzie. Which picture shows Sam and which picture shows Lizzie?

30

A B C D E F A B C D E F G

{" L ' i

attractively thin interested in meeting people light yellow thick hair above the mouth with no curls or waves not keen on spending money thin mean rude shy short curly tall

U nit 12 My friend Sam is tall and thin.

My little sister Lizzie is short and not very thin!

He has short dark curly hair.

She has long blonde hair.

He always wears glasses.

People say she’s pretty, but I don’t agree.

He’s a sociable person, and he’s very generous.

She smiles a lot, but she’s very selfish.

He’s always polite to our teacher.

Shape: square EH round O rectangular Size: big small long short thick thin Weight: heavy light Material: plastic metal leather wood glass Colour: pale dark black white brown What's it like? It's sharp. It's in three parts. It has a window / a face / a strap / a handle. It has three legs. It's made of glass. It's used for cutting.

D Complete the sentences with the words from the box. There are three more than you need. Can you guess what the five things are?

wood handle

for strap

long

time

books

parts

made

window

square

put

of end

1 It’s square and black. It has a strap that you can put round your neck. It’s m ostly________ _ of plastic. It has a little___________that you can open and close. You need to a film in it before you can use it. 2 They’re made o f metal. They have two which open and close. They’re very sharp, and they’re u sed ___________ cutting. 3 It has a round face with numbers on it. It’s on a leather ___________so that you can wear it on your wrist. You look at it when you want to know th e ___________! 4 It’s made o f _________ _______ . It has a rectangular top and four legs. You can have big ones, small ones, low ones and high ones! You can p u t___________, magazines and coffee cups on it. My favourite one is quite light but holds a lot of clothes. It has a comfortable___________for carrying it.

OVER TO YOU

What does your best friend look like? Can you describe something on your desk / in your bag / in your room?

31

UNIT 13 T h e daily routine What do you do every day? I wake up. I get up. I have a shower. I have a bath. I have breakfast / lunch / dinner / supper. I leave the house at 7.30. I catch a bus / train at 8 o'clock /8a.m. I drive / walk / cycle to school / work / the office. I work at home / in an office / outside / in a factory all day. I study at school all day. I have lunch at my desk / in the park / in the canteen / at a cafe / at home. What does Tim do after work? On the way home he visits his friends or goes to the supermarket / squash club / gym / swimming pool. In the evening he does his homework / cooks dinner / listens to music / sees his friends / watches a video /plays chess / uses his computer / watches TV / checks his e-mails. (See Unit 43 on the present simple, and Unit 39 on question forms.)

A Complete the sentences with words from the study box.

1 ___________is the first meal of the day. 2 I’m going t o _________________________ to school on my new bike. 3 We need some more fruit juice and biscuits, so I’ll go to the ___________on my way home. 4 I always___________my e-mails in the evening. 5 I go to th e ____________three times a week, because I’m trying to get fit!

B Billy goes to school every weekday. Put the sentences about his routine in the right order.

a I catch a bus to school, b School starts just before nine, c On weekdays I wake up at about 7 a.m. d I have breakfast at 8. e I arrive at school at about ten to nine, f

C What does Billy do every morning? Answer the questions, using complete sentences.

I get up half an hour later.

1 What time does Billy wake up? 2 When does he get up? 3 What happens next? 4 How does he get to school? 5 What time does he arrive at school? 6 What time does school start?

32

U nit 13

D Sophie is a hospital doctor. Match the pictures with the sentences describing her routine.

1 In the morning I visit patients who are in bed in the hospital. 2 I only have time for a quick cup o f coffee at 11 o’clock. 3 At lunch time I have a sandwich in the park. 4 In the afternoon I work in a clinic where patients come to see me. 5 I go to the supermarket on my way home. 6 I listen to music in the evening.

Here are the answers to some questions about Sophie's daily routine. Can you complete the questions?

OVER TO YO U

When _

9

In the morning.

What _

9

She has a quick cup of coffee.

Where

In the park.

Where

In a clinic.

Where

To the supermarket.

What

She listens to music.

What time do you wake up? What time do you get up? What time do you have breakfast? What do you do in the morning? What do you do in the evening?

33

UNIT 14 Telling people what to do to switch it on to switch it off to push to pull to lock to unlock to open to close First... Then/Now... Finally... Turn the handle / dial / key to the left / right. Don't press that button. Put some coins / washing powder / your card in. Tap your number in. Wait for a moment. Say what you want. Ask for cash / a receipt / help. Take the money / receipt / ticket out. What can I do? What should I do? Say you 're sorry. You should go home.

Why don't you write him I her a letter?

(See Unit 18 on suggesting.)

A Your friend is staying in your house. Tell him / her how to use the washing machine. Match the pictures with the sentences.

1 Put the dirty clothes in the machine. 2 Close the door. 3 Put some washing powder in the drawer. 4 Turn the dial to programme 6. 5 And then switch the machine on.

B Someone asks you 'What should I do?' Find the best answer (A-E) for each problem (1-5).

1 I don’t understand the lesson. 2 I’ve broken my sister’s pen. 3 This is a new TV, but it doesn’t work. 4 I’ve lost my wallet with $100 in it! 5 My boyfriend doesn’t love me any more! A Take it back to the shop. B You should forget about him! C Go to the police station and ask them if they’ve found it. D Say you’re sorry, and buy a new one for her. E Why don’t you ask the teacher to help you?

34

U nit 14

C You and your sister drive into a public car park. You are telling her how to use the ticket machine. Put the sentences in the correct order.

a Put them in the slot, b First decide how long you want to stay, c Then find the right coins, d Now wait for your ticket. e After putting the money in, press the green button.

D You are helping a friend to get money from a cash machine. Complete the sentences with words from the box. There is one extra word.

say tap

take

put

receipt

1

F irst_______________your card in.

2

T hen___________ your number in.

cash

wait

3 Ask to take out som e___________. 4 __________ how much you want. 5

Ask for a _______________________.

6 __________ your card, the money and the receipt.

E More problems for you to solve! Tell these people what to do, using the clues in brackets ().

1 The door’s locked, (turn / key)! 2 My new jacket’s too big. (take / back / shop!) 3 My walkman isn’t working, (switch / on!) 4 I haven’t done my homework, (tell / teacher) 5 I haven’t got enough money, (find / part-time job?) 6 Where’s my newspaper? (look / living room) 7 I’m worried about my Canadian friend, (write / letter) 8 I need some cash for shopping, (go / cash machine)

OVER TO YOU

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

This radio isn’t working.

_____________________

Someone’s stolen my bike!

_____________________

This maths is too difficult.

_____________________

35

UNIT 15 Using buses, trains and taxis Buses and trains: fare

timetable driver enger inspector express day return ticket weekend return ticket student reduction ticket office to book a ticket luggage lost property no smoking to get on to get off to catch a bus / train to miss a bus / train Buses: bus coach bus stop conductor bus station Taxis: fare driver enger luggage tip to get in to get out Trains: platform carriage buffet car railway station the Underground / the Tube (in London)

A Match the words or phrases with their meanings.

1 luggage

A the person who checks bus or train tickets

2 fare

B the person who sells tickets on a bus (not the driver) C extra money you can give a taxi driver, if you like

3 conductor 4 buffet car

D suitcases, bags and rucksacks

5 engers 6 inspector

E a ticket to go and come back in one day

F people who travel on a bus or train G the money you pay for a bus, train or taxi 7 day return journey 8 lost property H things that engers leave on buses etc. I the carriage on a train where you can buy 9 coach drinks, sandwiches etc.

10 tip

B Choose the correct words from the brackets to complete the sentences.

1 ‘Which (coach / bus)

J

a long-distance bus goes to the castle, please?’ ‘Number 27A.’

_ was going much too fast. One old lady The b u s ____ nearly fell off her seat! (driver / conductor) Can you tell me how much th e ___________to the station is, please? (fare / price) I asked for a ___________return ticket because I was spending Saturday night away, (day / weekend) T h e ___________walked through the train, checking all our tickets, (conductor / inspector) I was a ___________on the 5.25 from Manchester yesterday. (customer / enger) , the bus will be here very soon. If you wait at the (ticket office / bus stop)

36

U nit 15 8 Trains to Bournemouth leave from ___________number 5. (platform / way) 9 Travel in the first fou r___________for Cambridge. (carriages / trains) 10 I think the taxi driver’s hoping for a ___________! (tip / ticket) 11 A n ___________is a fast train or coach, which doesn’t often stop, (underground train / express) 12 I’ll use th e ___________to plan my journey. (ticket office / timetable)

C Travelling by taxi, train or bus? Match the conversations with the pictures.

A Two to Hove Station, please. B That’ll be £2. A Can you tell us which stop to get off at, please? B Certainly. A I’d like a day return to London, please.

□

□

][

B That’ll be £14.60. If you hurry, you can catch the 12.20, from platform 3. A Thanks a lot. A Preston Park, please.

BD

B OK. Lovely day, isn’t it?

a

A Yes, but I think it’s going to rain. B Here we are then. That’s £3.50. A Here you are. Keep the change. B Thanks very much.

D Choose the best answer (A-E) to the questions (1-5).

1 Does this train stop at Croston? 2 I think I left my coat on the train yesterday. 3 What time is the last bus? 4 Where can I find a taxi round here? 5 Is it cheaper going by Tube than by bus? A You should go to the lost property office. B On the corner of Queens Road and Market Street. C No, this is an express. The one you want is on platform 9. D No, but it’s usually quicker in the rush hour. E I think it leaves the town centre at midnight.

OVER TO YOU

Which do you prefer - travelling by bus, train or taxi? Explain why.

37

UNIT 16 Planning a holiday Where shall we go on holiday? What shall we do? We could book... a package holiday / a beach holiday / a skiing holiday / an activity holiday Shall we travel ...by plane / car / coach / train / bike? Let's g o t o ... Mexico / China / Egypt / Thailand. We could visit Spain or Italy. Shall we go to Fiji or the Caribbean? We could... rent a villa / rent an apartment / stay in a hotel / stay with friends / stay in a youth hostel / buy a tent and go camping / stay at a campsite I'd like to / I'd prefer to / 1think it's better t o ... goby plane, and then hire a car. When I'm on holiday, I like going to museums / sunbathing / eating out / learning a language / sightseeing / reading novels / cycling / going swimming / doing water sports. What about you? (See Unit 18 on suggesting.)

A Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the sentences.

holidays because everything is organised for 1 I lik e_______ you. (package / skiing) 2 Because we’re students, the best place to stay is in a youth . (hotel / hostel) 3 We could___________a villa, with enough room for the whole family, (stay / rent) holidays best. She’s in and out o f the sea 4 Tracy lik es__ all day. (activity / beach) 5 I really want to relax, so I’m going to do a lot o f ___ (sightseeing / reading) 6 Chris really lik es___________when he’s on holiday. (sunbathing / suntanning) on holiday - 1 hear the 7 We’ll have more time fo r _______ restaurants are really good there, (eating out / cooking) 8 We could___________swimming in the morning a n d ___ water sports in the afternoon, (be / go, do / go)

B Some people are planning their holiday. Complete the sentences with words from the study box.

go by plane and then 2 I’ll take my bike and go keep me fit! 3 W e ___________go b y ___ from the railway station.

a car. every morning. That will and take a taxi to the hotel

U nit 16 4

_________ we go by car? Then we can take a tent and stay at ___________sites.

5

If we want to save money, we c a n _____in a ___________ hostel. What do you think?

a guidebook a port tickets foreign currency a credit card travel insurance a camera sunglasses sun cream swimming trunks a swimsuit a rucksack walking boots a map

C What do people need on holiday? Match these words with their meanings.

D Put the words in brackets in the correct order, to complete the sentences.

)

1 foreign currency

A you use this to take photos

2 travel insurance

B this tells you the best places to visit

3 rucksack

C money from a different country

4 guidebook

D you need this in case something goes wrong on holiday

5 camera

E you carry things in this, on your back, if you’re on a walking holiday

I need sun cream ____________ (my / stop / skin / to / burning) I usually take a credit ca rd ___ (more / in / money / need / 1 / case) A port is necessary__________ (foreign / most / for / countries / visiting) 4 Have you got the tickets? We can’t _________ (plane / them / get / without / the / on) 5 Without my sunglasses, I can’t ____________ (in / sun / the / read) 6 You’ll need your swim suit_________________ (swim / to / if / want / you) 7 I’m taking my walking boots to Switzerland (because / it’s / walkers / perfect / for)

E These are all things that you may have to do before you go on holiday. Match the two halves of each sentence. Use each item only once.

1 I’ll ring the travel agent and book 2 I’ll ring the bank and order

A

at the hotels online.

B

in my camera.

3 I’ll check that

C

my tickets.

4 I’ll book rooms

D my suitcase.

5 I’ll put a new film

E

some currency.

6 I’ll pack

F

my port is still OK.

39

UNIT 17 Inviting, acceptin g and refusing Inviting

Accepting / saying yes

Refusing / saying no

Can you come to a party? Would you like to come for a coffee?

I'd love to. What time? Yes, that would be lovely. Yes, I think so. When is it?

I'm sorry, I can't. What a pity I can't come! I'm afraid I'm too busy.

More formal (people you don't know well): I'd like you to come to dinner.

Thank you. That would be very nice. I'm sorry. I don't think I can come.

Notice: I'd like / love = I would like / love

A Choose the correct words from the brackets to complete the sentences.

B Match each invitation (1-5) with the best answer (A-E).

you come to my birthday lunch? (Can / May)

1

2

like you to come to dinner with me and my wife. (I’l l / I ’d)

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

What a pity I

come! (don’t / can’t)

Yes, th at____

be lovely, (would / could)

I’m sorry, I don’t

_______ I can come, (think / sure)

Yes, I __________ so. (say / think) _________ you like to play tennis with me? (Would / Will) _________ afraid I’m too busy. (I’d / I’m) Thank you. That would be v ery ___________. (well / nice) I’d

to. What time? (wish / love)

1 Can you come to lunch on Monday? 2 Would you like to come in for a coffee now? 3 Would you like to go for a picnic this weekend? 4 I’d like you to come to a party at my house. 5 Come round for dinner tonight! A Sorry, I’ve got a meeting this evening. B That would be very nice. When is it? C I’m sorry, that’s my day in London. D I’d love to. Where shall we go? E That would be lovely, but I prefer tea!

C You are speaking to a friend. Invite him or her, using the words in brackets.

40

1

. ? (come / cinema / with me)

2

. ? (play squash / with me)

3

. ? (come / pizza / with me)

4

. ? (come ice-skating / with me)

5

. ? (come / concert / with me)

U nit 17

Read the story about Lulu's birthday. In each sentence there is one extra word, which should not be there. Find the twenty extra words.

1 When Fiona came into the work office, she found her friend Lulu crying. 2 ‘What’s all the matter, Lulu?’ she asked. 3 ‘I haven’t got any friends!’ replied the Lulu sadly. ‘Nobody does invites me anywhere! 4 I never go to out! And I’m getting be old!’ 5 ‘But you’re young only 24!’ said Fiona, trying not to laugh. 6 ‘Yes, but it’s just my birthday tomorrow and then I’ll be 25! I’m too old to make the new friends!’ 7 Fiona went away and once e-mailed all the people she and Lulu knew. 8 Soon Lulu’s her phone was ringing. 9 ‘Can you do come to a party? Please us come, Lulu!’ 10 ‘Come to dinner it’s tonight! Say a yes!’ 11 ‘Can we go to the cinema in this week? There’s a one good film on!’ 12 Lulu phoned to Fiona. ‘I’ve had the lots of invitations!’ she said happily 13 ‘Oh, what a very surprise!’ said Fiona, smiling to herself.

OVER TO YOU

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

Would you like to meet me at a cafe?

__________________

I’d like you to have dinner with me.

__________________

Can you come to a beach party tonight?

__________________

41

UNIT 18 Suggesting There are six easy ways of making a suggestion: Let's go for a walk. Shall we go for a walk? We could go for a walk. Why don't we ask Tony to come? How about going for a swim? What about eating out tonight? Here are some possible answers: Yes, good idea. Yes, why not? Oh yes, let's do that! Oh, I'm not sure. Oh, I don't know.

Choose the correct ending (A, B or C) to complete the suggestions.

1 Shall we 2 Let’s

A go skiing tomorrow.

3 How about 4 We could

B going for a swim?

5 What about

C have lunch out?

6 Why don’t we

B Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the suggestions.

OVER TO YOU

42

1 We could____

2 Why don’t we 3 Let’s ________ 4 How about _ 5 Shall w e ___ 6 What about ________ 7 Let’s ______ 8 Why don’t we

the museum, (visit / visiting) ____ a different restaurant? (try / trying) shopping this afternoon, (go / going) _____ Portuguese? (learn / learning) ___ a newspaper? (buy / buying) ______ some housework? (do / doing) someone the way. (ask / asking) ________ tickets for that concert? (get / getting)

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

Shall we go to the cinema tonight?

__________________

We could go camping this summer.

__________________

Why don’t we invite some friends round?

__________________

Let’s get up early and go for a walk before breakfast.

__________________

UNIT 19 A skin g perm ission Asking permission means asking someone if it's all right to do something. Here are two ways of asking permission, with the answers people usually give:

Asking

Answering yes

Answering no

Can I borrow your pen? May I open a window?

Of course. / Certainly: Please do. Go ahead.

No, I'm sorry. No, I'm afraid not.

and two even politer ways of asking, with possible answers: Could I possibly use your phone? Yes, that's all right. Do you mind if I come in ? Of course not, please do.

A Match the questions

Well, I'm not sure. I'd rather you didn't.

1 Can I borrow your car?

A I’d rather you didn’t. I hate the smell.

2 Do you mind if I sit here?

B No, I’m sorry. I need it myself.

3 May I have supper later?

C I’m not sure. I only give it to my friends.

4 Could I possibly see the manager?

D Certainly. I’ll leave it in the fridge.

5 Do you mind if I smoke?

E Yes, o f course. I’ll ring him at once.

6 May I have your e-mail address?

F O f course not, please do. This seat’s free.

with the best answers.

B Ask your friend if you can borrow or use the things in the pictures. Choose the correct words from: calculator car dictionary hairdryer jacket mobile phone some money pen

C Ask permission from your teacher or boss to do these things.

1

leave school early / leave work early?

2

take a day off school / work next week?

3

move to a different class / office?

4

have less homework / work a shorter day?

5

go to the dentist this afternoon / tomorrow?

43

UNIT 20 T hanking and saying sorry Here are some ways of thanking someone and replying: Thank you. Thanks. Thanks a lot. Thanks very much. Thank you very much. Thank you so much.

Not at all. My pleasure. Don't mention it. That's all right. That’s OK. You're welcome.

Thank you very much / Thank you so much are what we say when we don't know a person very well, or want to be extra polite.

A Sometimes we explain why we want to say thank you. Match the thanks with the reason.

A B 2 Thanks for phoning. C 3 Thank you for my present. 4 Thank you very much for the flowers. D 1 Thanks for the meal.

It’s just what I wanted. They’re lovely. It was great to talk. It was delicious.

B How would you reply to these people?

j ^ |TlCKETS]i=£>

' ^ ^Thanks a lot!)

44

U nit 20

Here are some ways of saying sorry, and replying: Never mind. It's all right. It doesn't matter. It's not important. Don't worry about it. That's OK.

I'm sorry. I'm very sorry. I'm really sorry. I'm awfully sorry. I'm so sorry.

C What are these people saying? How would you reply?

You are the customer! Your reply:

It’s your shirt! Your reply:

It’s your cup! Your reply:

D Complete the six conversations with words and phrases from the study boxes.

O VER TO YO U

A

Here’s your breakfast!

B

A

I’m sorry I’m late.

B

A

B

My pleasure.

A

B

Never mind.

A

I can lend you £10, if you like.

B

A

It was your mistake, you know.

B

Someone says ...

What’s your reply?

Thank you for the lovely chocolates! I’ve broken your pen. I’m really sorry.

45

UNIT 21 Days, dates and time Days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday Months of the year: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December Some well-known days which are always on the same dates each year: New Year's Day (1st January), Valentine's Day (14th February), Hallowe'en (31st October), Bonfire Night (5th November), Christmas Eve (24th December), Christmas Day (25th December), Boxing Day (26th December), New Year's Eve (31st December) Other days or periods which change each year: Ramadan, Good Friday, Easter Day

Dates are written like this: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th etc You can write: 14th May 2003 or May 14th, 2003 or 14.5.03 or 14/5/03 but you say: the fourteenth of May two thousand and three or: May the fourteenth two thousand and three. (See also Unit 57 on prepositions.)

A It's Monday today. Answer these questions about days of the week.

1 What day is it tomorrow? 2 What day was it yesterday? 3 What day is it the day after tomorrow? 4 What day was it the day before yesterday?

B Answer these questions about months of the year.

1 Which month are we in at the moment? 2 Which month is the first of the year? 3 Which month is the last o f the year? 4 Which month has the fewest days? 5 Which month has the fewest letters?

C Find the correct name from the study box for each of these dates. Then match each date with what people in Britain often do on that day (A-E).

1 5th November 2 25th December 3 26th December 4 1st January___ 5 14th February _ A light fires and watch fireworks B go to sports matches C send cards to their girl/boyfriends D get up late after yesterday’s party! E give each other presents

46

U nit 21

D Some of these dates are wrong. Tick the correct ones, and rewrite the wrong ones.

1 1th May 2 4rd June 3 2nd February 4 30st August 5 10th May

E What's the time? Write each of these times in words.

6 22th April 7 18th November 8 3nd March 9 5th September 10 13rd August

11 31st January 12 12th October 13 11th July 14 21rd April 15 3th December

1 4.45 2

11.15

3 8.40 4 2.35 5 5.30 6 1.15 7 7.30 8 6.45 9 9.55 10 9.05

OVER TO YOU

Which day of the week do you like best, and why? In which month do you usually have a summer holiday? When is your birthday? What time do you usually get up in the morning?

47

UNIT 22 N ationalities, countries and languages If you know the name of someone's country, you can make an adjective for his or her

nationality: with -n, -an or -ian: Argentina ~ Argentinian, Brazil ~ Brazilian, ~ German, India ~ Indian, Italy ~ Italian, Jordan ~ Jordanian, Korea ~ Korean, Mexico ~ Mexican with -ese: China ~ Chinese, Japan ~ Japanese, Lebanon ~ Lebanese, Portugal ~ Portuguese with -ish: Britain ~ British, Denmark ~ Danish, Ireland ~ Irish, Scotland ~ Scottish, Spain ~ Spanish, Turkey ~ Turkish with -i: Iraq ~ Iraqi, Israel ~ Israeli, Kuwait ~ Kuwaiti, Pakistan ~ Pakistani There are some exceptions: Cyprus ~ Cypriot, ~ French, Greece ~ Greek, the Netherlands ~ Dutch, Peru ~ Peruvian, Switzerland ~ Swiss, Thailand ~ Thai

A Complete the sentences with the correct nationality.

1 She’s from Italy. She’s _____ 2 They’re from Korea. They’re 3 I’m from Japan. I’m ________ 4 We’re from Turkey. We’r e ___ 5 You’re from Kuwait. You’r e _

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

B Test your knowledge. Match the pictures with the places. Which countries are they in? the Taj Mahal the Sphinx the Eiffel Tower the Colosseum Machu Picchu

48

She’s from . She’s __ They’re from Greece. They’re I’m from Switzerland. I’m ___ He’s from Brazil. He’s ______ We’re from the Netherlands. We’re She’s from Britain. She’s _________ I’m from . I’m _____________

U nit 22

We often use the same word for someone's nationality and his or her language: French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Welsh But there are many exceptions: Austrians speak German, Brazilians speak Portuguese, the British speak English, the Chinese speak Mandarin or Cantonese, Egyptians speak Arabic, Mexicans speak Spanish, most Indians speak Hindi, Pakistanis speak Urdu.

C Complete the sentences with the correct language or nationality.

. He’s Danish.

1 Frederick is from

2 Rania is Egyptian. She speaks___________. 3 Carlos and Conchita are Mexican. They speak 4 I’m ___________. I speak Swiss German. 5 Rajiv i s ___________. He speaks Hindi. . You speak Mandarin. 6 You’r e _______ 7 Luigi is Italian. He speaks 8 Barbara is Austrian. She speaks___________ 9 I’m ___________. I speak Welsh and English. 10 My friend is Brazilian. She speaks_________

D Test your knowledge again. Complete the sentences with the correct country and language.

1 The capital of. there.

is Ankara. People speak

2 The capital o f . there.

is Lisbon. People speak _

3 The capital of. there.

is Canberra. People speak

4 The capital of. there.

is Buenos Aires. People speak

5 Seville is i n .

_ . People speak _

there.

6 Seattle is in

_. People speak

there.

7 Kobe is in

there.

8 The capital o f . there.

is Amman. People speak Arabic

9 The capital of. English there.

is Nairobi. People speak Swahili and

10 The capital of. there.

OVER TO YOU

. People speak__

is Islamabad. People speak

What nationality are you? Where do you come from? What’s the capital of your country?

49

UNIT 23 H om es and furniture house flat/apartment bungalow cottage farmhouse villa castle palace caravan detached house semi-detached house terraced house

J

A Find names from the study box for these places where people live.

B Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

on the sixth floor. It’s a bit small, but 1 I live in a(n) there’s a wonderful view of the city. 2 The pop star Madonna had her wedding in a romantic in Scotland. in the country, with 3 Many people’s dream home is a roses round the door. 4 My parents live in a __________ house, but luckily their neighbours on both sides are very quiet. 5 Bill takes h is ___________from place to place. When he finds somewhere that he likes, he stays there for a few months.

C Match each picture with the correct word or words.

palace

bungalow

semi-detached house

farmhouse

villa

terraced house

U nit 23

D Complete these sentences with the correct words from Exercise C.

1 The Queen o f England lives in Buckingham___________. 2 On our last Italian holiday, we rented a beautiful________ near the beach. It was expensive but comfortable. 3 My grandfather likes h is ___________because there are no stairs. houses and warm than detached ones. We live in a animals.

houses are easier to keep

in the country, but we don’t keep any

Living room: chair table armchair sofa television carpet curtains Dining room: chair table cupboard Kitchen: cooker fridge freezer sink washing machine dishwasher microwave Bedroom: bed wardrobe chest of drawers Bathroom: bath shower toilet (wash)basin

E Choose the correct room from the box to complete each sentence. There are two extra words, which you don't need.

kitchen

dining room office sitting room / living room bedroom bathroom hall

1 People have baths or showers in th e _____________________ . 2 People cook their meals in t h e _______________________. 3 People relax and watch TV in th e _____________________ . 4 People sleep in a (n )_____________________ . 5 Some people work in a (n )_____________ every weekday.

F Which word is the odd one out in each group? Explain why.

1 television chair sofa armchair 2 toilet bath shower fridge 2 wardrobe cupboard table chest o f drawers 4 washing machine 5 dishwasher

OVER TO YOU

cooker

freezer

wardrobe

television

fridge

washbasin

What kind of home do you live in? What furniture is there in your bedroom? How would you like your home or room to be different?

51

UNIT 24 Families parents husband wife child(ren) grandparents grandchildren relations

grandfather father brother son grandson uncle nephew

grandmother mother sister daughter granddaughter aunt niece

father-in-law son-in-law brother-in-law mother-in-law daughter-in-law sister-in-law cousin

m. = married to %

Charles m. Sarah

i ^

Gemma m. Mark %

AileenLinda

A Look at the family tree and complete the sentences.

Philip

f :

Robert m. Laura

Peter

David

1 Gemma is Robert’s

2 Gemma is Laura’s _ 3 Gemma is Peter’s _ 4 Peter is Gemma’s _ 5 Peter is Charles’s 6 Charles and Sarah are Peter’s 7 Peter is Linda’s ______________ 8 Linda is Robert’s _____________ 9 Mark is Gemma’s ____________ 10 Charles is Linda’s ___________ 11 Peter and David are Robert’s _ 12 Mark and Gemma are Philip’s

B True or false? Tick (✓ ) the sentence if it is true. Correct it if it is false. There may be two ways of correcting a sentence.

1 Your uncle is your mother’s or father’s sister. 2 Your aunt’s or uncle’s daughter is your cousin. 3 Your grandmother is your father’s or mother’s aunt. 4 Your father-in-law is your husband’s or wife’s father. 5 Your niece is your brother’s or sister’s son.

OVER TO YOU

How many brothers and sisters have you got? Have you got any uncles, aunts or cousins? Are your grandparents still alive?

52

UNIT 25 R e cy clin g A Find the words that go together and put them in pairs. Then find the reason why they go together (in CAPITALS). Exa m p le : Easter and Christmas are HOLIDAYS.

1 half past two

A

Kuwaiti

2 Spain

B

Friday

HOMES FURNITURE

3 Tuesday

C

cottage

ROOMS

4 kitchen

D chest of drawers

COUNTRIES

5 castle

E five to nine

DAYS

6 sofa

F

7 niece

G office H Japan

8 German

B Here are some notes that Cathy has made in her diary for next year. Answer each question with the name of a month.

TIMES NATIONALITIES

cousin

RELATIONS

9 M 1 Y NOTES CoBeoe sLotfts “1/t

Pcv.ji*S uMU)dLr\0 2 .2 ,/C o

Sfcu..!%g useek«Pid SB/2.

Cyprus 2J^/(o - Co/~7 (C c^ 'L ioaLfc.1)

2-teL bLrt-hctay 2 .S /”7

"Dentist 1 3 /3 TVieotre trip IO/S

tfoseph home froco ChLcagO l”7 /& -3 l/&

1 In which month does college start? 2 In which month does Cathy go skiing? 3 In which month is she seeing her dentist? 4 In which month is her theatre trip? 5 In which month is Paul’s wedding? 6 In which months is her holiday in another country? 7 In which month is her friend’s birthday? 8 In which month is her brother visiting from America?

C Some of these times are

1 6.20 It’s twenty past six.

not correct. Tick the right ones and correct the wrong ones.

2 2.15 It’s quarter to three.

D Write the names of the language spoken by most people in these countries.

3 7.30 It’s half past eight. 4 1.45 It’s quarter to two.

5 3.05 It’s five to three. 6 8.15 It’s quarter past eight. 7 9.35 It’s twenty-five past nine. 8 10.30 It’s half past ten.

1 Mexico

8 Italv

2 Brazil 3 the United States

9 10 Sweden

4 India

11 Poland

5 Jordan

12 Greece

6 China

13 Pakistan

7 Austria

14 Norwav

53

UNIT 26 H obbies, sports and entertainm ent What do you like doing in your spare time? What are your hobbies? I listen to music I watch TV. I play the guitar. I go to the cinema a lot. I enjoy cooking. I use the internet. I go swimming / walking / hiking / climbing / cycling / running /jogging / riding. I like (water)skiing. I keep fit at my local gym. I do yoga / aerobics. I go to an aerobics class. What sports do you play? I play tennis twice a week. I'm in / 1play for a local football team. She's very good at hockey. He's very keen on squash. I've started playing golf. I gave up bton a year ago. I've ed a sports club. I'm a member of a sports club. What's the score? It's one - nil.

It's a draw.

play a game / match win a game / match lose a game / match

Places where you play or do a sport a course (golf) a court (bton, basketball, squash,

Things you use for sports a bat (baseball, cricket, table tennis) a racket (bton, squash, tennis) a stick (hockey) clubs (golf)

tennis, volleyball) a pitch (cricket, hockey, football) a pool (swimming)

A Complete the sentences

1 What are your _

with the correct words from the study box.

2 I like t o _______

fit at my local

3 I __________ yoga once a week. 4 Every week I ___________roller skating. 5 I __________ the guitar in the evenings. 6 I often___________the internet in m y __ 7 She’s very good 8 We

54

time.

_______ basketball. squash every Thursday.

B Match the words or

1 give up

A the final result of a game

phrases with their meanings.

2 a team

B a group of people playing a sport together

3 win

C become a member

4 a draw

D equal points for both teams

5 the score

E to stop doing

6 (a club / class)

F to get more points than the other player / team

U nit 26

C Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

1 Yesterday my brother played A

at the East

Y ork___________, with the new

he bought last week.

2 Oh good, th e ___________is free now. We can start our game of ___________. Where’s y ou r___________ ? 3 The younger pupils play *

___________on the school

twice a week 4 I go

D Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete each sentence.

every day in my local

1 What happened? Did you win you r___________? (game / score) 2 Can I borrow you r___________? Leo wants me to play table tennis with him. (bat / club) 3 Is there a basketball___________in the park near your house? (course / court) 4 We didn’t win, but we didn’t lose either - the result was a ! (draw / nil) 5 I was asked to play in th e ___________for an important match. (club / team)

What kind of films do you like? horror films action movies romantic films comedies What kind of books do you like? novels thrillers love stories detective stories science fiction What kind of music do you like? pop rock folk classical jazz opera I like watching films / movies at the cinema / on video / on DVD. I sometimes go to a play / an opera at the theatre. I often read a magazine / book / newspaper on the bus to school / work. I usually listen to rock music on my walkman.

E Match these words with their meanings. Use each item only once.

OVER TO YOU

1 horror film

A a personal cassette / CD player

2 comedy

B a film that frightens you

3 novel

C a large thin book with a paper cover, which you can buy every week or month

4 classical

D a film or play that makes you laugh

5 thriller

E a book about imaginary people

6 walkman

F a play, film or book with an exciting story

7 magazine

G music which is serious, not modern

What kind of films do you like? What kind of books / music do you like? Do you play or watch any sports?

55

UNIT 27 T h e body, health and fitness Health problems

Parts of the body

flu a cold a cough a sore throat a headache (a) stomachache backache toothache

head ear eye mouth nose cheek face

I've got a pain in my ear. My ear hurts.

arm elbow wrist hand fingers thumb

leg knee ankle foot toes hip

neck back shoulder chest waist heart

I've got earache.

(See Unit 34 on doctors and dentists.)

Label this drawing of the human body with words from the study box.

B Complete the short conversations between you and your doctor with words from the study box.

56

1 ‘I’ve got a pain in my stomach.’

‘You’ve g o t_________

2 ‘M y ___________hurts.’

‘You’ve got earache.’

3 ‘I feel very hot and ill.’

‘You’ve g o t_________

4 ‘I’ve got a ___________ in my head.’

‘You’ve got a

5 ‘My throat_____________.’

‘You’ve got a throat.’

6 ‘My back hurts.’

You’ve got _

U nit 27

C Complete the sentences with the correct parts of the body.

Put y ou r_______

in this shoe to see if it’s your size.

“Well done!’ said the manager, shaking my I always wear my watch on my le ft_______ £Mmm, it looks delicious,’ said Philippa, putting the cream cake in h e r ___________. ‘Don’t worry, you’ll be OK,’ said Vivien, putting h e r ___________ round the little girl. The boy put h is ___________to the keyhole, but he still couldn’t hear anything.

Keeping fit do exercises take exercise go to a gym go to keep-fit classes run jog do yoga swim play sports go on a diet eat a balanced diet eat less sweet foodeat more fruit / vegetables have less stress in your life learn to relax more put on weight lose weight

D Complete these ways of keeping fit.

1 going on a _

5 playing___

2 taking_____

6 learning to

3 going t o ___

classes

4 eating more a n d _______

E Complete this text by putting a word from the study box in each space.

7 eating a __

diet

8 having less your life

in

‘Luke,’ said Ben one day to his friend. ‘I’ve got a problem. I’m getting fat.’ ‘You certainly need to 1 )___________weight,’ said Luke. ‘Why don’t you go to a 2 ) ___________?’ ‘It’s too expensive!’ said Ben. ‘Well, how about 3 ) ___________some exercises at home?’ suggested Luke. ‘I haven’t got time!’ said Ben. ‘Well, why don’t you 4 ) ___________round the park every day?’ said Luke. ‘People will laugh at me!’ replied Ben. ‘You should 5 ) ___________on a diet, and eat 6)

sweet food,’ said Luke. ‘But I love cakes!’

answered Ben. Luke was quiet for a few seconds. ‘I know!’ he said. ‘Buy a bigger pair of tros!’

F Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? What do you think?

1 Jogging is faster than running. 2 Going on a diet means eating less meat and fish. 3 You should have no stress at all in your life. 4 Everybody should take an hour’s exercise every day.

OVER TO YOU

What do you think is the best way of keeping fit? Are you fit and healthy? If so, why? If not, why not?

57

UNIT 28 S h opp in g and clothes a loaf of bread a box of tissues a packet of cereal a carton of milk/yogurt

a bunch of flowers a bag of sugar a tube of toothpaste a bag of potatoes

You can buy bread and cakes meat fruit and vegetables medicine and make-up sweets and newspapers books flowers

a bottle of water a jar of jam a bar of soap a can of lemonade a can / tin of tomatoes

at a baker's at a butcher's at a greengrocer's at a chemist's at a newsagent's at a bookshop at a florist's

supermarket trolley basket shelf checkout till counter carrier bag department store clothes shop shoe shop

change

receipt

(See Unit 32 on food and drink.)

A There is no supermarket where you live. Which shop do you go to to buy these things?

1 The Times_______

6 some potatoes_____

2 a tube o f cream __

7 a bar of chocolate__

3 a loaf of bread___

8 some headache pills

4 a beef steak_____

9 half a kilo o f apples

5 a bunch of flowers

B Choose the best word from the brackets to complete the sentences.

10 a novel_________

1 Can I have a carrier___________, please? (bag / basket) 2 Push t h e ___________over here, Darren, (car / trolley) 3 The packet I want is on the to p ___________. (shelf / counter) 4 I’ll pay for all my shopping at th e ___________. (check-in / checkout) 5 The assistant opened the till and gave me m y ___________. (change / cash)

C Complete the phrases with words from the study box.

1 a ___________o f sugar

7

a ______________ of tissues

2 a _______ _

8

a _____________of potatoes

3

a __________o f bread

9

a _______________ of pasta

4 5

a __________o f cereal a __________o f soap

10

a ________________ o f milk

11

a ______________ o f yogurt

12

a __________ of toothpaste

6a

58

o f oil

■ ________ of flowers

U nit 28

blouse boots cardigan coat dress gloves hat jacket jeans jumper/pullover/sweater sandals scarf shirt shoes shorts skirt socks suit swimming trunks swimsuit tie T-shirt top trainers tros She's wearing a coat. I think I'm size 10. Can I try this on, please? It fits you. (= It's the right size.) It suits you. (= It looks good on you.) It's made of silk / cotton / wool / nylon / leather.

D Put words from the study box under the four headings.

Clothes for cold weather

What you put on your feet

What you put on your legs

Clothes for women only

Look at the people in the pictures and say what clothes they are wearing, using words from the study box.

F Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

This shirt’s much too big - it’s the w rong___________for me. I’ll take m y ___________because I’d like to have a swim. ‘This suit looks great.’ ‘Why don’t y o u ________

it on?’

He’s ___________that awful old pullover again! Bright colours This jacket’s _

OVER TO YO U

her because she’s dark-haired. of wool, but it’s very light.

What kind of shopping do you like doing? What kind of clothes do you usually wear?

59

UNIT 29 Places and buildings airport art gallery bank bus station cafe car park cathedral church cinema college department store football stadium garage health centre hospital law courts library market mosque museum park police station post office railway station restaurant school shop shopping centre snackbar sports centre / field supermarket taxi rank temple tennis courts theatre tourist office university (See Unit 28 on shopping and clothes, and Unit 9 on finding your way.)

A Match the two halves of the sentences.

A to ask for information about

1 At a bank you can 2 A taxi rank is a place where

sightseeing.

3 A library is a place where

B if you want to park your car.

4 You go to an art gallery

C cars are repaired.

5 You go to a tourist office

D pay in or take out money.

6 At a snack bar you can

E you can borrow books.

7 A garage is a place where

F taxi-drivers park.

8 You drive to a car park

G to look at pictures. H have a quick meal.

B Put the four most

Studying

Shopping

Transport

Sports

Religion

suitable places from the study box under each heading.

C Complete the sentences

I have to be at the

with the correct words from the study box.

I’m going to th e __

half an hour before my flight. to pay in some cheques.

Can you get some stamps for me, if you’re going to the ___________? 4 Brian’s a doctor. He works at th e ___________. ___________ 5 I found this really interesting book in the public__________ 6 Douglas bought some meat and fish from th e ___________. 7 I went to th e ___________to fill in a form about the robbery. . They’re doing some work on it. 8 My car is at th e ______ 9 I sat on a bench in the

OVER TO YOU

60

______ and ate my sandwiches.

Which is your favourite place or building in your town or village, and why?

UNIT 30 R e cy clin g A Match the words with the things you can buy. Use each item only once.

B Complete each conversation with the best answer (A, B or C).

1 bar

5 carton

A yogurt

E toothpaste

2 bunch

6 tube

B tomatoes

F oil

3 bottle

7 loaf

C bread

G flowers

4 tin

8 packet

D cereal

H soap

What kind of books do you like? A Science fiction.

C On holiday.

B Classical.

What sports do you play? A I watch TV. B It’s a draw.

C I’m in a hockey team.

What kind of music do you like? It’s noisy.

C At a disco.

B Jazz.

What are your hobbies? A I’m a doctor.

C I’d like a new job.

B I like dancing and ice skating.

Find the odd word out in each group, and say why it is the odd one out. Then think of one more possible word to add to each group.

1 pitch course bat pool 2 tube racket tin carton 3 Greek Swiss Chinese 4 flat cottage villa office 5 uncle brother niece nephew 6 greengrocer’s taxi rank market post office 7 Tuesday August Sunday Friday 8 cooker jacket fridge washing machine 9 silk cotton wool sandals

D Match these parts of the body with either LEG, ARM or HEAD.

E Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete each sentence.

foot

knee

ear

elbow

cheek

mouth

eye

wrist

hand

nose

ankle

toe

10? (size / number) Are those shoes I’ve never seen her in a dress. She always wears a __________ and blouse, (shirt / skirt) Joe always wears a suit a n d ___________to look smart in the office, (scarf / tie) You look lovely - it really___________you! (fits / suits) I think the blouse is made

silk, (of / in)

61

UNIT 31 Studying and working lesson class pupil student teacher desk blackboard / whiteboard uniform subject timetable break homework take an exam an exam fail an exam mark (exam) results primary school secondary school private school state school college university I'm a student at a language school. David always gets good marks in maths. I hope I've ed the exam. I think I've failed the exam. We get our results next Tuesday.

A Choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the sentences.

1 I’m going to university)

. to study hairdressing, (college /

2 Look at the (teacher / timetable)

! It says we’ve got history at 11.30!

3 I’m sorry, miss. I couldn’t do last night’s ___________. (housework / homework) 4 The teacher sat at h is ___________and checked our names. (desk / whiteboard) 5 I missed breakfast, so I’ll have a sandwich in th e ___________ (break / school) 6 Everyone in m y ___________is really nice, (lesson / class) 7 ‘W hat___________did you get in English?’ ‘Seventy per cent.’ ( / mark) 8 ‘What’s your favourite_______ (teacher / subject)

Match the words and phrases with their meanings.

1 primary school 2

secondary school

A paid for by the parents B a person, usually over 16, who is studying

3 private school

C usually for pupils up to 11 years old

4 state school

D to be successful

5 subject

E usually for pupils over 11 years old

6 results

F what is being studied (e.g. maths)

7 a class

G paid for by the state or government

8 a pupil

H the marks you get in your exams

9 a student

I a number o f pupils who study together

10 (an exam)

62

?’ ‘Oh, geography, I think.’

J a person, usually under 16, studying at school

U nit 31

Jobs:

architect artist builder car mechanic dentist doctor electrician engineer farmer fireman hairdresser lawyer manager musician nurse plumber policeman / policewoman secretary shop assistant taxi-driver teacher vet waiter / waitress boss employee colleague company apply for a job earn money start/finish work What do you do? (= What's your job?) I'm a secretary. I work in an office. We start work at 9 o'clock. She's got an interesting job. She earns more than me. She works for a big company in Madrid. I applied for a new job last week.

C Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1 There’s something wrong with Ben’s pet snake. We’ll have to take it to the vet / doctor. 2 Sarah’s going to send / apply for a job as a teacher in Rome. 3 My chef / boss always arrives at work before me. 4 This radio doesn’t work! I want my money back! Let me speak to the manager / lawyerl 5 The downstairs lights aren’t working. I’ll phone the plumber / electrician tomorrow. 6 I don’t pay / earn very much, so I’m going to apply for a new job / work. 7 My job is a bit boring but I have some very nice colleagues / employees.

D Who can help you in these situations?

1 Your shower isn’t working. 2 You have terrible toothache. 3 There’s something wrong with your car. 4 The police are asking you a lot of questions! 5 You’re in a department store and want to try on a T-shirt. 6 You have to catch a train, but you’ve just missed the bus to the station. 7 Your garden wall is falling down.

OVER TO YOU

What are you studying? What is your favourite subject? If you work, what kind of job do you do? Where do you work?

63

UNIT 32 Food and drink Vegetables

Fruit

Milk etc

Meat & fish

Other

Drinks

beans carrots cucumber garlic lettuce mushrooms onions potatoes tomatoes

apples bananas grapes lemons melon oranges pears strawberries

butter cheese cream ice cream milk yogurt

beef chicken lamb pork cod prawns salmon trout

biscuits bread cake eggs honey jam oil pasta rice toast

apple juice coffee cola lemonade mineral water orange juice tea

Meals: breakfast lunch dinner supper Salad vegetables are usually raw. I like poached or scrambled eggs as a snack. We fry, grill or roast meat. We bake bread and cakes. We boil, fry, roast or bake potatoes. Fried tomatoes are delicious. That fish has no taste. Do you like salt and pepper on your food? (See Unit 6 for ordering food and drink, and Unit 28 for places where you can buy food.)

64

U n it 32

B Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

1 ____________is a white fish which comes from the North Sea. 2 _____________ is a long green vegetable which we often eat in salad. 3 ___________is the meat that comes from a young sheep. 4 Fishermen can catch___________a n d ___________ from rivers. 5 To make a sandwich, you spread___________o n ___________

and then add a filling. 6 Let’s have poached___________on toast for lunch. 7 Would you like a cup o f ___________with lemon? 8 ______________is a popular drink. It’s dark and rather sweet. 9 This cake i s ___________! It tastes wonderful! 10

is a very healthy drink. It has no sugar and no taste either!

C Choose the most suitable word or phrase (A, B or C) to complete each sentence.

1 To make good ___________you have to stir the mixture all the time. A fresh coffee B boiled rice C scrambled eggs 2 You can make excellent fruit salad with strawberries, A bananas and grapes B tomatoes and carrots C garlic and pears 3 If you want t o __________ , you cook them in a pan of hot water. A bake cakes

B boil potatoes

C grill prawns

4 I’m afraid this meat has n o ___________. A taste at all

B salt and pepper

C really delicious

5 What are we having fo r ___________tonight?

A breakfast

B lunch

C dinner

6 Experts say most of us should eat m ore___________. A roast potatoes

D Write five sentences about food and drink from the study box, as in these examples: I love oranges but I hate grapes. I like pasta but I don't like rice. OVER TO YO U

B raw vegetables

C fried chicken

1 2 3 ____________________________________________________________ 4 ____________________________________________________________ 5 _____________________________________________________________________

What do you usually have for breakfast? What do you usually have for lunch or dinner? What kind of food do you and your family eat on special days and holidays?

65

UNIT 33 W eather and scenery Directions: north south east west • There's a storm in the west. Seasons: spring summer autumn winter • David plays football in winter wind ~ windy, rain ~ rainy, sun ~ sunny, cloud(s) ~ cloudy, fog ~ foggy, mist ~ misty, frost ~ frosty, ice ~ icy snow a flood, floods a storm thunder lightning good / bad weather What's the weather like? What's it like today? It's warm / hot / cold / rainy / sunny / cloudy / frosty / windy / wet / dry today. It's snowing. It's raining. It's freezing! It's pouring! It's boiling! It's very hot - I'm boiling! It's really cold - I'm freezing! I love sunbathing. The temperature is 38 degrees. Egypt has hot, dry weather. It's a grey, cloudy day in London. Janet always has good weather on holiday.

A Match the explanations with the words on the right.

B Complete the sentences with the correct words from the study box.

1 very thick mist, so you can’t see anything

A lightning

2 when trees begin to lose their leaves

B summer

3 the coldest time of year 4 a bright flash o f light in the sky

C floods D winter

5 when most plants begin to grow again

E thunder

6 water covering land that should be dry 7 the hottest time o f year

F fog G spring

8 a loud noise in the sky during a storm

H autumn

1 Let’s put the heating on - it’s v e ry__ today. 2 It’s s o ____ today - I’ve ju 3 j f s so warm a n d ___________- 1 think I’ll have a swim. 4 It’s bitterly cold in here - I’m ___________! 5 Just look at the rain! It’s ___________! 6 It’s so hot in the car, with no air conditioning - it’s ___

C Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.

1 Pete often goes skiing at / in winter. 2 Drive carefully, because the roads are icy / rainy. 3 Yesterday was a miserably grey, cloudy / sunny day. 4 The children saw a flash o f thunder / lightning in the sky. 5 What’s the weather similar / like in your country? 6 It’s been snowing / raining —all the rooftops are white. 7 Too much pouring / sunbathing can give you a headache.

66

U nit 33

mountain hill volcano valley field forest rainforest desert

canal bridge footpath village town grass trees

lake river (river)bank stream island sea beach cliff

The scenery / countryside was very beautiful / hilly / flat.

D Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence.

goes through a farmer’s field, but he lets people 1 The use it. (bridge / forest / footpath) People still use some o f th e ___________in for transporting goods by boat, (canals / lakes / streams) Portia sunbathed on the beautiful sandy___________near her hotel, (beach / desert / field) The climbers had a wonderful view from the top of the ___________. (countryside / forest / mountain) We had a great holiday on th e ___________. The only way to reach it is by boat, (cliff / hill / island) The farmhouse was by a river in a beautiful green___________ (grass / scenery / valley)

E Which is the odd one out in each group and why?

F Make nouns by ing together pairs of words from the box. Then complete the sentences with the words you have made.

OVER TO YO U

1

river lake

2beach

desert

mountains

3

river sea

4

canal field

foot

hill

cliff

lake bridge

rain

sea

stream rainforest

path

forest

1 Stuart and his father sat on the

bank

river

, fishing.

2 The soldiers got lost in the Brazilian _ 3 The walkers left the road and took the mountains.

over the

What’s the weather like in your country? What’s the scenery like there?

67

UNIT 34 D octors and dentists have / make an appointment the doctor's / dentist's surgery the waiting room the receptionist a prescription medicine tablets cream

a tooth toothache a filling fill a tooth have a check-up take a tooth out an X-ray

(See Unit 27 for parts of the body and small illnesses.)

A Complete the conversation between a patient, a receptionist and a doctor with words from the box. There are two more than you need.

careful meeting appointment

seat problem chemist’s sun

prescription twice spots

chocolate back

Patient: I’ve got a(n) 1 )________

with Dr King at 10.30.

Receptionist: Please take a(n) 2)

________ . Ah yes, the doctor’s

ready for you now. Do go in. Patient: Good morning, doctor. Doctor: Good morning. What’s the 3 ) __________ ? Patient: I’ve got 4 ) __________ all over my chest, doctor. And my 5 ) __________ is very red. Doctor:

Mmm, I see. I think you’ve had too much 6 ) __________ .

Patient: I was on the beach all day yesterday. Doctor:

Yes, that’s it. Well, take this 7 ) ___________ to the 8 ) _________ . They’ll give you some cream. Put it on 9 ) _________ a day. And be more 10 )___________ in future!

Patient: I will. Thanks very much, doctor.

B Here is a conversation between a dentist and a patient. The dentist's part is in the right order. Put the patient's part in the right order.

OVER TO YOU

68

D entist

P atient

Good afternoon, Mr Lee.

a

Yes, that’s right.

Just a check-up?

b

OK, I will.

Any problems since your last visit? Let’s have a look. Open wide.

c d

Thanks. Goodbye. Good afternoon.

Yes, you’ll need a filling.

e

Oh no!

Just a small one. Can you make a new appointment?

f

Can you see anything wrong?

See you soon, then.

g

I had toothache yesterday.

How often do you go to the doctor or dentist? Is it free in your country, or do you have to pay?

UNIT 35 R ecy clin g A Who are these notices for? Choose from the people (A, B or C).

B What is the correct word for each description?

NO FOOD IN THE CLASSROOMS

2

NO DOGS SHEEP IN THIS FIELD

DANGER SNOW 1KM AHEAD

4

PLEASE TRY TO KEEP YOUR APPOINTMENT

1 A teachers

B parents

C students

2 A farmers

B walkers

C vets

3 A drivers

B skiers

C police officers

4 A managers

B patients

C shoppers

the side o f a riv er________________ higher than a h ill________________ a very large number of trees________________ a large sandy area with almost no w ater________________ a space between two mountains, often with a river running through i t ________________

C Which is the odd one out in each group, and why?

1 cod

prawns

2 coffee

milk

3 apple

honey

4 grill

roast

5 lettuce 6 banana

D Complete the sentences with the correct verb.

beef tea

salmon cheese

lemon

pear

fry

bread

tomato

potato

fish

meat

cucumber

cheese

an appointment with the doctor. I’d like to T h ey___________ Portuguese in Brazil. The dentist is going t o __________ one o f my teeth out. We’l l __________ the river by the bridge. Let’s __________ swimming this afternoon. the 7 o’clock train if I can. I always I haven’t studied enough, so I think I’m going to this exam. which pupils 8 Every morning the teachers have to have arrived. the exam. Then I can get a new job! 9 I hope I ca n ______ more exercise. 10 You’ll feel better if y o u ___ ___ on the next size? 11 This skirt doesn’t fit. Can I __________ 12 T rees__________ their leaves in autumn.

69

N ouns A noun is a word for a person, place or thing. We use a noun for something you can touch, like an orange, or something you can't touch, like a wedding, or something you can't see, like love.

A Underline the nouns in these sentences.

J

1 When does the bank open? 2 What a surprise to see you! 3 I left my bicycle outside the shop. 4 We went to a great party yesterday. 5 He bought some fish and chips for lunch.

Nouns can be singular (only one), or plural (more than one), or uncountable (see Unit 64 on countables and uncountables). To decide if a noun should be singular or plural, look for a clue to help you. If you see any of these clues, the noun must be plural:

Before the noun

After the noun

numbers {two, three, forty, a hundred) many, a few these, those

plural verb (are, were)

To make the plural, we add -s to most English nouns: cat~cats, table-tables, girl-girls, boat-boats, house-houses (See Unit 71 on spelling for help with other plural endings for nouns.)

B Decide if the sentences need singular or plural nouns. Then complete them with the correct words from the box.

bottles meals 1 How manv

books clocks

3 I’ve bought three 4 There’s a very old 5 Sue onlv eats two small

8 Some of the school 9 Can I borrow your

tree

television

car

e-mails

were waiting outside?

2 Have vou got a

6 These plastic 7 Tony sends a few

taxis

in vour bedroom? to read next week. errowine in his garden. a day. are all emptv now. every dav. have stopped working. to go into town, please?

U nit

Here are some common nouns which have irregular plurals: child ~ children mouse ~ mice life ~ lives wife ~ wives

woman ~ women foot ~ feet knife ~ knives sheep ~sheep

man ~ men tooth ~ teeth leaf ~ leaves fish ~ fish

C Complete the sentences

into the field, (sheep)

The farmer took all his

with the plural form of the words in brackets.

____ . (child) ‘Time for bed!’ Lucy told th e ________ I’m sure there a re __________ under the stairs, (mouse) The grass was covered with dea d ___________. (leaf) The cook liked h e r ____________ to be very sharp, (knife) Tom brushes h is _____________ three times a day (tooth) Most of th e ___________in our village work at the local factory. (man) 8 People say that cats have n in e___________. (life) 9 T m coming!’ shouted Hazel, and jumped to h e r ___________. (foot) 10 There were three___________waiting at the bus stop, (woman)

Sometimes you can put two nouns together to make one idea: a night train (a train which travels at night) an office computer (a computer which you use at the office) a sports centre (a centre where you do sports)

D Put these sentences in the right order. Notice that two nouns go together in each sentence.

1

someone

did

door

2 shoe

into

3 paid 4 card

bill he hotel never I my

5

China

6

car

7

street

8

our

I

shopthe

in guide seen

you

the we

we have

lorry in

the

went the use

credit

a

tourist

the

lamp

centre

ring bell?

used

key? into

the

shopping town

crashed the

did

UNIT 37 Sentence forms A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop. Here is the simplest and most common sentence form in English: • Maria is Spanish. • I drive a car. • He teaches adults. • The hotel is very good. You can add more information which is just as important by using and: • Michael is German and his girlfriend is Swiss. • The hotel is very good and it has a big swimming pool. • I drive a car and I've never had an accident. • He teaches adults and he enjoys his job. (See Unit 63 on linking words.)

Read these sentences and underline the verb in each one.

1 Claudia is Mexican. 2 She speaks Spanish. 3 She lives in a flat in Mexico City. 4 Claudia drives a sports car. 5 She has some good friends.

B Now add some more information. Match the sentences from Exercise A with the correct ones from Exercise B, and link them with and. Look back at the study box for some examples.

Put these sentences in the right order

1 She sees them at weekends. 2 She drives very fast. 3 Her husband is Brazilian. 4 They also own a beach house. 5 He speaks Portuguese.

x speaks Arabic he 2 loves C lare s k iin g 3 take you photos good 4 a Patrick new bought car 5 mother delicious her cakes bakes 6 newspaper a morning reads my uncle 7 lived it in they house and built a 8 it letter I posted and finished the 9 the washed she meal cooked the dishes and 10 girlfriend baby married had he his they and a

72

UNIT 38 Be Present simple I am/I'm he is/he's she is/she's it is/it's we are / we're you are / you're they are / they're Negatives I am not /I'm not he is not/he isn't she is not / she isn't it is not/it isn't we are not / we aren't you are not / you aren't they are not / they aren't

Questions Am i...?

Is he...?

A Choose the correct form of be from the brackets to complete the sentences.

Is she...? Are we...? Are you...? Are they...?

excellent, (is / are)

1 Your school

2 I ___________ tired today, (is / am) 3 That cam era___________ cheap, (aren’t / isn’t) 4 W e________

. she your friend? (Are / Is)

5

6 7 8 9 10

.sorry, (are / is)

. you sure? (Is / Are) They

_____ here, (am not / are not)

Rachel

_______ an artist, (is / am)

_______

.I late? (Am / Are)

He

___ my boss, (isn’t / am not)

Be is often used with names: • I'm Clare. • You're Ben, aren't you? • It's Richard on the phone. ages: • He's eleven. • Miranda is twenty-two. • Jason's only three. nationalities: • I'm Scottish. • She’s Latvian. • We're Peruvian. jobs: • Toby's a hairdresser. • They're both engineers. • Sharon's a doctor. adjectives: • I'm shy. • She's worried. • They're very intelligent. this /that /these /those: • Is that your flat? • This is my book. • These are my parents. question words: • Where's your school? • How much is the course?

B Complete these sentences with the correct present simple form of be.

It

my birthday and I

nineteen today!

Do you know my uncle? H e ________an architect. ‘W here________Elizabeth?’ ‘S h e________ at home.’ ‘How o ld ________you?’ ‘I ______ __thirteen this your pen? And

and a half.’

____ those your shoes?

6 M ark____

proud of hissuccess, and s o _________ his parents.

7 ‘Madonna

___ a writer, is she?’ ‘No, sh e __________ a singer.’

73

UNIT 39 Q u estion forms Questions expecting the answer yes or no start with a verb: • Are you Spanish? • Does he work there? • Can you do that? Questions with be: • Is John at home? • Is she a TV producer? • Is this your bag? • Aren't you happy? • Am I late? Do is used to make questions with another verb: • Do you agree? • Does it cost a lot? • Do they know the answer? (See Unit 38 for be and Unit 42 for do.) «

A Complete these questions with the correct form of be or do in the present simple.

1

you Irish?

6

you understand?

2

he a teacher?

7

she good at sport?

3

they live near you?

8

I look OK?

4

he speak Malay?

9

we too early?

I a neighbour of

10

the door locked?

yours?

B Put these questions in the correct order, starting with a verb.

1 you are Hungarian? 2 Peter generous is? 3 me help you can? 4 me you love do? 5 Berlin do in live they? 6 know does answer the anybody? 7 she friends is o f one your? 8 party you my to come can? 9 that cousins live do your in house? 10 ten does cafe at open the?

C Match these questions and answers.

1 Do you live here?

A No, she isn’t.

2 Can you swim?

B Yes, I am.

3 Are you in love?

C Yes, I do.

4 Do they speak Italian?

D Yes, I can.

5 Is she your teacher?

E Yes, it does.

6 Does the concert finish at

F No, they don’t.

ten o’clock?

74

U nit 39

We use question words to ask for information. Here are some questions and answers: • Who wrote Hamlet? Shakespeare did. • Why are you so tired? Because I work too hard! • Where is the museum? Opposite the station. • What are you reading? War and Peace. • Which film do you prefer, Titanic or Star Wars? Oh, I think Titanic's much better. • When does he go on holiday? Next week. • Whose bike is this? It's mine. How do you open this? Just turn it towards you. • How long are you staying? Only six weeks. • How many students are there in your class? About fifteen, I think. • How often do you eat out? About once a week. • How much does this cost? One pound fifty. •

D Complete each question with the correct question word(s). Then match the questions and answers.

1

’s your name?

A I’m a student.

2

do you live?

3 4

do you do? are you studying?

B Economics and English.

5

subject do you prefer?

6

kind o f music do you like? brothers and sisters have you got?

7

8 ___________do you spend your free time? 9 ___________is your favourite actor or actress? countries have you 10 visited? E Complete this conversation by writing the questions.

1. 2

.

C I go to the cinema a lot. D The USA and Mexico. E I really like Julia Roberts. F One brother, no sisters. G Economics, I think! H Graham Dee. I Hard rock is my favourite. J Toronto. A Jessica White. B Two sisters and one brother.

3

C Near Southampton.

4

D I’m a teacher.

5

E Maths, physics and chemistry. F Maths is my favourite, I think. G I go sailing at weekends.

8

H Classical and jazz.

9

I

A few European countries, plus Egypt and Australia.

75

UNIT 40 R ecy clin g A Write the plural forms of these nouns.

B Match these nouns to make one idea.

Now do the same with these.

C Complete these sentences with the correct form of be in the present simple.

1 table

6 child

11 leaf

2 foot

7 knife

12 man

3 life 4 e-mail

8 fish

13 chip

9 boat

14 mouse

5 tooth

10 bottle

15 house

1 door

A

bill

2 hotel

B

centre

3 credit 4 town

C

bell

D

card

5 car

E

guide

6 tourist

F

lamp

7 street

G

shop

8 shoe

H

key

1 P au l________a fashion designer. You can find his clothes in all the best shops. 2 ________you at home now? Can I come and see you? 3 W h y ________you so late? You were late yesterday too! 4 F iona_______ very happy with Charles. T hey________ madly in love. very old - fifteenth-century, 5 My neighbours’ hou se____ I think. Excuse me, w h ere________the tourist office? Y ou _______ wrong! Jed’s c a r ________ a Ford, it’s a Toyota. I ________the youngest in the class! Jerry is younger than me. My brothers top shelf. 10 My friend Mary hospital.

D Complete the questions with the correct question word(s) from the box.

who

___a nurse - she’s a doctor at the local

what

where

1

_’s your name?

2

. do you live?

3

. do you do? . kind of music do you like?

4

76

which

very tall, but even they can’t reach the

how

how many

U nit 40

5 __________ brothers and sisters have you got? 6 __________ do you spend your free time? 7 __________ is your favourite sports person? 8 __________ countries have you visited?

E Tick the correct questions and rewrite the wrong ones.

1 What your name? 2 How long can you stay? 3 You live where? 4 Whose phone is this? 5 Why you are unhappy? 6 Can you fly a plane? 7 You are student? 8 How much cost this? 9 You open this door how? 10 Which film is you prefer?

F Match the two halves of these sentences and link them with and. Use each item only once.

1 My town has a football stadium

A read them in a week.

2 Connor bought the books

C bought a postcard of it.

B I watch matches there.

3 Kieran finished his work

D I often walk to work.

AND

4 We called an ambulance

E handed it in to his professor.

5 Jade visited the castle

F waited for it to come.

6 I live near the town centre

G Put these questions in the right order, starting with the verb.

1 you 2 he

Ed’s in

3 about

is

doctor

are?

San Francisco?

you

that

are

sure?

4 she university is at? 5 way I am your in? 6 he

H Which is the odd one out in these groups of words, and why?

is

friends

7 they

why

8 your

cousins

1 which 2 take 3 Adam 4 is

Venice

are

your are

they

who eat

one

happy does

in?

aren’t?

white drive

where and

Brazil am

of?

why

speak ticket

aren’t

what

cook football

isn’t

77

UNIT 41 Have Present simple I / we / you / they have

he / she / it has

We often use have to talk about food, drink, meals, baths, showers, and also people's timetables: • I have a shower every morning. • Let's have lunch on the balcony. • Rosie has tea and toast for breakfast.

Negatives I / we / you / they do not have / don't have he / she / it does not have / doesn't have

Questions Do I / we / you / they have ... ?

A Make sentences 1-4 negative.

Does he / she / it have ... ?

1 Dennis has a bath in the evening. 2 My parents have hot milk with their coffee. 3 I have my breakfast before 8 o’clock. 4 We have dinner on the balcony.

Now make sentences 5-7 into questions.

5 Sarah has sugar in her tea. 6 You don’t have a shower at the gym. 7 The President has a daily meeting with his advisers.

I / we / you / they have got / 've got he / she / it has got /'s got We often use have got to talk about family, things we own, and health problems: • He's got three brothers. • She's got a new bike. • I've got a headache.

Negatives I / we / you / they have not got / haven't got he / she / it has not got / hasn't got

Questions Have I/we/you/they go t... ?

B Complete the sentences with the correct short form of have got. Then make each sentence negative.

78

Has he /she/ it got... ?

stomachache. 1 I_ _ a large flat in 2 We Barcelona. a problem, Y ou______ an expensive S h e______ new watch. ___ petrol in it. The car

6 They tickets. 7 He 8 I me. 9 It 10 They

their plane a broken leg. my mobile with a message on it. iobs in Paris.

UNIT 42 Do Present simple I / we / you / they do •She does her work well.

he / she / it does

• Let's do the washing-up now.

Negatives I / we / you / they do not do / don't do he / she / it does not do / doesn't do Questions Do I / we / you / they do ... ? Does he/she / it do ... ?

A Complete the sentences with the present simple form of do.

everything he can to help.

1 He always.

2 I usually _

_ the ironing on Saturday morning,

3 M axine___

yoga every day.

4 They often

__ business in .

5

you always

_____ your homework?

6 Let’s ________this crossword together! 7 ________Robert often________ the cooking?

We use do to make questions and negatives for other verbs: • Do I sit here? • Do you understand? • Where does she live? • I don't know. • The radio doesn't work. • They don't speak Greek. (See Unit 39 on question forms, and Unit 43 on the present simple.)

B Use the present simple form of do to complete the sentences.

1 2

he work with vou? thev speak French?

3 Sorrv. we nine.

open till

4 No. she come from Italy. She comes from Spain.

C Tick (✓ ) the correct sentences and rewrite the wrong ones.

5 6

Whv

you ask that?

No. I

like spiders, vou understand?

7 8 9

I’m afraid he _______ want to see you. you mean? What

1 He often do some shopping on his way home from work. 2 The minister don’t want to see anybody this morning. 3 Do everybody agree with my plan? 4 Believe me, my friends don’t tell lies. 5 I don’t the washing-up myself - 1 use a dishwasher! 6 Sorry, we not accept credit cards in this shop. 7 Graham doesn’t work in our department any more. 8 Excuse me, when do this office close? 79

Present simple I / we / you / they eat he / she / it eats

I / we / you / they go

he / she / it goes

We use the present simple to talk about people's habits and things they do regularly. We often use never, occasionally, sometimes, often, usually, always, and every day with the present simple: • They often go to the Canary Islands. • She never eats oranges. We also use it to talk about things that are usually or always true: • The sun rises in the east. • Most young children grow very fast. Note that some verbs take -es after he I she / it: watch ~ watches, wash ~ washes, ~ es, go ~ goes, do ~ does These verbs usually take the present simple, not continuous: believe, belong, dislike, hate, know, like, love, mean, need, own, prefer, seem, understand, want, wish (See Unit 13 on the daily routine.)

A Choose the correct verb from the box to complete the sentences.

watches speaks

belongs

speak

1 Ju lie_________ 2 She sometimes

does

play

go

hates

rides drinks

wants

do

writes

know

German.

3 We often_____

_________tea. ___shopping.

4 She never____

____any homework.

_________ letters. 5 Jo occasionally 6 The b a g ____________ to me. _________ tomatoes. 7 Luke really___ _______ a bike to work. 8 Mr Jon es_____ 9 I

the housework every week.

10 You _

__ very good English.

11 Tania

____ TV every evening. tennis.

12 They sometimes 13 W e __

it’s difficult.

14 Aidan

a holiday.

B Put the verbs in brackets

1 S h e_______

her hair twice a week, (wash)

in the correct form to make present simple sentences.

2 L uigi______

_ for a South American company, (work)

3 I sometimes

_______ dinner for my parents, (cook)

4 Edward___

excellent photos, (take)

5 I __________ water __________ at 100° Celsius, (know, boil)

80

U nit 43

Rosemary really

_____ strawberries and cream, (love)

My cousin often .

____ in that soap opera, (appear) wrong every time L e o ___________the

Something_____ computer! (go, use) I occasionally_____

__ an e-mail to my uncle, (send)

10 The boss never___

____much at lunchtime, (eat)

11 The sales manager

________30,000 km every year, (drive)

12 Jill usually_______ house, (catch, )

the bus to school. I t ___________her

Negatives I / we / you / they do not eat / don't eat he / she / it does not eat / doesn't eat • You don't work very hard. • Mark doesn't like cheese. Questions Do I / we/ you / they e a t... ? Does he/she /it eat ...7 • What time does he get up? • Do you buy a newspaper every day? (See Unit 39 for more help with question forms.)

Make the sentences marked (N) negative, and change the ones with a question mark (?) into questions.

D Ask questions about these four people, using the present simple. Then answer them.

Alex Anna Rod Leila

Home Frankfurt Milan Dublin Amman

1

He knows my brother. (N)

10 This tastes good. (N)

2

She gets up early. (?)

3

They earn a lot of money. (N) You seem right for the job. (N)

11 They take photos on holiday. (?) 12 I enjoy big parties. (N)

4

13 We know what you mean. (N) 14 It rains a lot in April. (?)

5

He drives very fast. (N)

6

You speak Turkish. (?)

7

I feel very well. (N)

8

You use your microwave. (?)

15 He plays hockey at weekends. (?) 16 College starts in September. (N)

9

Antonio works for Fiat. (?)

17 Yasmin comes from Dubai. (?)

E xam ple

q u e s t io n s :

What language does Alex speak? Where does Rod often go on holiday? What kind o f food does Leila like? Language German Italian English Arabic

M usic jazz rock classical pop

Clothes jeans skirt & top suit tros

Food vegetarian pasta steak & chips fish

Holiday the Alps the USA Cyprus Egypt

81

UNIT 44 Present continuous I am working we / you / they are working he / she / it is working I am not working we / you / they are not working he / she / it is not working Short forms I'm working we /you /they're working he / she / it's working I'm not working we / you / they aren't working he / she / it isn't working We use the present continuous to talk about things happening now, often with adverbs like now, at the moment, today and this week: • Sonia is doing her homework at the moment. She isn't watching TV. Questions Am I going ... ? Is he/she/it going ... ? Are we/you/they going ... ? (See Unit 46 for the present continuous used for the future.)

A Complete these present continuous sentences. Then make them negative.

__laughing at a funny joke!

He I

trying to concentrate.

W e _ __studying Greek at the college. ____working late today.

They

driving John’s Porsche! She _ __ cooking supper for my friends. I Y o u _____ standing on my foot. 8 The ta x i_____ waiting for you.

B Complete these present continuous sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

We

__hard for the exams, (study)

H e.

_to Frank at the moment, (talk) my friend in New York, (e-mail)

I P h il___

___his new job this week, (start)

The dog

______ its food now. (eat)

Y o u ____ H e _____ 8 They.

C Complete these questions with am, is and are.

82

_ much too fast! (drive) to music in his room, (listen) __in the garden, (relax)

1

. anyone coming with me?

2

. Debbie helping you today?

3

the girls watching a video?

4

. I talking to myself these days?

5 6

.you enjoying the party?

7

. I speaking to the manager?

. we all waiting for the doctor?

U nit 44

D Read these situations and answer the questions.

You are eating your lunch. Your friend phones and asks, ‘Hi, what are you doing?’ What is your answer? You are in the middle of a shower when the phone rings. You jump out, find a towel, and answer the phone. It’s your brother, who says, ‘Hello, what are you doing?’ What do you reply? You are on the beach, enjoying the sun. Your mobile phone rings. It’s your girlfriend or boyfriend, who asks, ‘Hello, what are you doing?’ What do you say?

Spelling of -ing forms For most verbs, just add -ing: • start ~ starting, go ~ going, stay staying If necessary, drop the -e at the end of the verb and add -ing: • make ~ making, give ~ giving, hope ~ hoping Double the letter at the end of the verb to keep a short sound the same, and add -ing: • run ~ running, swim ~ swimming Change -ie at the end of the verb to -ying: • lie ~ lying, die ~ dying

E Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

A m i ______

in your place? (sit)

I’m ju s t ___

__ a note to my mother, (write)

Ithink he’s

______ with friends at the moment, (stay)

We’r e _____

Ray will his exam this time, (hope)

I’m alw ays________ _____people’s birthdays, (forget) up the street with a gun! (run) Oh look! Someone’s up, so we’ll have breakfast soon.

9 My grandmother’s ___

_ down. She’s not well today, (lie)

10 That company i s _____ (lose)

F Underline the correct verb form in each sentence.

__ like a leaf! (shake)

I’m so frightened! I’m 8 The children a r e ____ (wake)

more and more money every week.

1 I’m taking / takeing as many photos as possible on this trip. 2 ‘Where’s Louise?’ ‘She’s still swiming / swimming in the lake.’ 3 Fay’s cuting / cutting up the vegetables for me to cook. 4 The roses in the garden are dying / dieing now. 5 I can’t hear. What’s that man saing / saying? 6 Go on! Don’t stop now! You’re winning / wining the race! 7 We’re makeing / making sandwiches for Kevin’s birthday party. 8 They’re sleeping / sleepping on the balcony because it’s so hot.

83

UNIT 45 R e cy clin g A Read this short text about hair. Choose the best word (A, B or C) for each space.

Most of us 1 )_________ grows on our heads. 2)

know very much about the hair which _________you know these facts?

growing before a baby is born,

• Hair 3 ) _____

faster than boys’,

• Girls’ hair 4)

the strongest of all. • Red hair 5) _ • A six-year-old child 6) __________about 100,000 hairs on his or her head. grow as fast in winter as in summer, • Hair 7) _ out each day.

• About 40-100 hairs 8) A 1 do 2 Can

don’t Do

3 starts

begin

4 grow

growing

5 are

is

6 has

have

7 does

doesn’t falling

8 falls

B Complete these sentences with the present simple or continuous form of the verbs be, have, or do.

B

1 S h e______ the manager.

11 Let’s _____ a cup o f tea.

2 _____ you got a headache? 3 _____ you like potatoes?

12 This film _____ really excellent!

4 W here_____ Cameron work?

13 I _____ staying at home today.

5 H olly_____ dark hair.

14 B en _____ studying in Hamburg.

6 Your parents_____ very nice. 7 I __________ lunch at the moment. 8 _____ everyone understand now? 9 W hat_____you mean? 10 _____ Scott your brother?

C Make these nouns plural.

15 _____ you worried about it? 16 I usually_______ a shower. 17 V ienna______ on the River Danube. 18 S h e _____ only seventeen. 19 _____ they speak Danish? 20 _____ you Moroccan?

1 child

4 house

7 clock

10 tree

2 cat

5 sheep 6 knife

8 fish

11 foot

9 leaf

12 meal

3 orange

84

C are Have can grows am hasn’t isn’t fall

U nit 45

D Tick (✓ ) the correct questions and rewrite the wrong ones. Then match them with the correct answers (A-H).

E Present simple or present continuous? Read these sentences and decide which tense to use. Then complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1 Who is your name? 2 How do you live?

A Thailand, Japan and Australia.

3 What do you do? 4 What are you studying?

B Oh, history’s my favourite. C Malcolm Murdoch. D Curry, I think.

5 Which subject you like best? 6 What kind o f music like you? 7 What is your favourite food?

E In a village near Glasgow. F History, geography and French.

8 Which countries you want to visit?

G I’m a student. H I really like folk music.

1 Aaro n ________________ excellent English, (speak) 2 Charles often ___________on holiday to Sicily, (go) 3 Look! The fire engine________________ ! (arrive) 4

T h ey___________ their next holiday at the moment, (plan)

5

K a rl_______________________ tennis every Tuesday, (play)

6 Fish alw ays___________strange when I ____________ it! (taste, cook) 7 Run! The bus driver____________ for you! (wait) 8 I’m ju s t ___________ these flowers up. They often ___________ over if it’s windy, (tie, fall) 9 Brandon never___________to his parents, (write) 10 Jessica___________all kinds of fruit, (love) 11 Don’t speak while I ___________! (talk) 12

W ater___________________________________at 0°C. (freeze)

13 ‘W here___________Alice?’ ‘S h e____________ in the garden.’ (be, sunbathe)

F Make these sentences negative.

1 There is a bank near here. 2 I like cheese. 3 Sam works for Microsoft.

7 I’m thinking about the problem.

4 It’s a useful book.

8 Those videos are cheap!

5 We’re leaving today.

G Put these questions in the right order.

1 you

sure

are ?

2

my

3

he

where: are sandals ? your is cousin ?

4

in

Alan

5

you golf often ?

6

get

when

why

is

Cairo ?

do

how

play

does

6 I understand what you mean.

up

he ?

7 hospital in work Nicole does a ? 8 you the on train now are ? 9 you tea do always drink ? 10 computer now using you are the ?

85

UNIT 46 T h e future We use the present continuous to talk about plans and arrangements for the future, often with expressions like soon, tomorrow, next week: • I'm seeing Max tonight. • We're having a barbecue at the weekend. We use going to to talk about future intentions - things we have decided to do: • I'm going to tell him what I think. • Are you going to eat that sandwich? We use will / 'II / won't in these situations: a saying what we think will happen: • I think he'll the exam. b deciding something at that moment: • You look tired. I'll make you a coffee. c inviting and asking politely: • Will you have tea with me tomorrow? d saying what will happen in a certain situation: • If you invite me, I'll come. e promising: • I'll be very careful. • We won't be late. We use Shall I / we when offering help and making suggestions: • Shall I help you with your bags? • Shall we go to the cinema tonight? We use the present simple to talk about fixed times for buses, trains, planes and important visitors: • The train leaves at 3.30. • The minister arrives at 10 o'clock.

A Match the two halves of the sentences. Use each item only once.

1 Who do you think

A shall I take it for you?

2 Our foreign guests

B I’ll the exam.

3 Next time I promise

C will win the World Cup? D will you have dinner with me?

4 That case looks heavy -

F I’ll pay the money back sooner.

7 What time does

G to Indonesia tomorrow?

8 I’m going

H arrive at 7 p.m.

9 Are you flying 10 Is he giving

B Complete the sentences with the most suitable verb form: I'll I'm going to Shall I Will you

86

E the plane take off?

5 If I study hard, 6 Perhaps you’re free tonight -

I a talk at the weekend? J to study law at university.

2

Stay there,____________________open the window. ________________ paint my bedroom this weekend.

3

________________ marry me?

4

________________ help you with the research?

5

________________ please be quiet?

6 7 8

________________ never do anything like that again!

1

________________ leave my present job soon. If you lik e ,_________________ send you a postcard.

U nit 46

C Make sentences about the future, using the words in brackets.

1 W hat___________ this evening? (you / do) 2 W here___________ on holiday this year? (you / go) 3 I think___________ the match. (Mexico / win) 4 Don’t get up - ___________ who’s at the door. (I / see) 5 ___________ you to count the money? (we / help) 6 If there’s a problem,___________ here to help you. (I / be) 7 What tim e___________ ? (your flight / leave) 8 I promise___________ anything again. (I / never / steal) 9 ___________ please____________ the door? (you / shut) 10

D Read these situations and answer the questions, using the words in brackets.

to a different town next year, (we / move)

1 You are very excited about going on holiday to Ibiza. What do you say to a colleague? ‘Next Monday I ________________ to Ibiza!’ (fly) 2 You want to invite someone to lunch with you. What do you say to him or her? ‘________________ lunch with me on Tuesday?’ (you/have) 3 Karl sometimes drives too fast, but he’s promising his parents to be more careful. What does he say to them? ‘OK, I promise I ________________ more slowly!’ (drive) 4 Someone asks what time you’re going on holiday. What do you answer? ‘Our flight________________ at midnight.’ (leave) 5 You’ve bought two theatre tickets for Saturday. Your girlfriend / boyfriend asks, ‘What are we doing this weekend?’ What do you say? W e ________________ to a play on Saturday. It’s a surprise!’ (go) 6 Your sister is outside the front door of your house. She’s carrying a lot of shopping. What do you call to her out of the window? ‘Don’t worry, I ________________ the door!’ (open)

UNIT 47 There is, There are, It is We use There is / There's / There are the first time we talk about something: • There is a park nearby. • There are some books on the table.

Negatives • There isn't a bus stop in my road.

• There aren't any good schools.

Questions • Is there a post office near here?

A Complete the sentences

I’m sorry,

with the correct words from the study box.

• Are there any questions7

a TV in the room. a beautiful sandy beach at Seaton, any students who need to leave early? several policemen outside the hotel, a tourist office in town?

I think

_______ a public phone outside. any engers on the train, a doctor in the hotel?

We use It is / It's and They are / They're to talk about something we have already mentioned: • I like your watch - it's lovely. • Look at these. They're really cheap! (See Unit 38 for question and negative forms of be.) We often use It is with an adjective, to make a general comment, and to talk about time, dates, distance and the weather: • It's easy to make a mistake. • It's too late to go out. • It's four o'clock. • It's time to go. • What day is it? • It's Monday. • It's ten miles from here to Liverpool. • It's raining again.

B Choose the correct phrase from the study boxes to complete each sentence.

________________ a lovely sunny day! Let’s go for a walk. ________________ two hundred cars in the car park. ________________ nice of you to help. ________________ some money in the wallet that I found. These are the computers.________________ only a year old. I’m going to start doing yoga.________________ good for you. ________________ any biscuits left? ________________ difficult to make your own pasta? 9 How fa r ________________ to the beach?

88

UNIT 48 That clauses Verbs like think, believe, hope, know, say and be sure / certain are often followed by a that clause: • • • • • • • •

I think (that) you'll like him. We believe (that) he's telling the truth. He hopes (that) he can come to the party. I know (that) it's true. I am sure (that) you're right. I'm certain (that) he's Jane's brother. She says (that) she can't understand. They say (that) sweets are bad for you.

Read this conversation between two girls, and choose the best sentences (A-F) to complete it. There is one extra sentence that you don't need.

Ruth: Oh look, there’s Kate with her new friend! Lulu:

Oh yes! Do you know him?

Ruth:

Yes, he’s nice - very friendly andintelligent, as well as good-looking! And he really likes Kate. 1 )___________. His name’s Toby.

Lulu:

I’d like to meet him sometime.

Ruth:

Why don’t you come to dinner on Saturday? I caninvite him and Kate. 2 ) ___________.

Lulu:

Great idea! But I must check my diary. 3 ) ___________. What does Toby do?

Ruth:

4 ) ___________. But he doesn’t write much!

Lulu:

Oh well, that gives him more time for Kate!

Ruth: Yes, 5 ) ___________.

B Put these sentences in the right order.

A I hope I’m free.

D We believe she’s wrong.

B He thinks she’s wonderful!

E I think you’re right!

C I’m sure they’ll come.

F Kate says he’s a writer.

1 certain 2 I’m

there

3 he’s 4

you’ll

5 you’ll job 6 say 7 he

be

party

better I

sure

the

feeling sure

is

rich

help

to

8 know

that like

answer

to now the

I

think coming you’re

get

wants

right

India

I’ll

they very he

I’m

the

hope

I’m that

Olivia

says I

that’s

89

UNIT 49 M odal verbs Can / can't / couldn't: • I can swim • Can he ski? • He can't speak Russian. • Why can't you come? • They couldn't get there on time. (= It wasn't possible.)

Can / can't / may / could: • Can I sit here? = (Is it OK?) • May / Could I sit here? (more polite) • You can't park here. (= You're not allowed to.)

May / might: • It may / might rain. (= Perhaps it will rain.) • That may / might not be true. (= Perhaps that isn't true.) (See also Unit 19 on asking permission, and Unit 46 for shall and will.)

A Match these questions or sentences with the correct answers.

1 Can you ride a motorbike?

A No, it was too windy.

2 It may get windy later.

B All right. Is 6 o’clock OK?

3 I’m sorry, you can’t sit here.

C Yes, and it might rain, too.

4 They couldn’t climb K2.

D Of course. Here you are.

5 Can I help you carry that?

E No, perhaps he won’t.

6 May I borrow your guitar? 7 We can’t go swimming today.

F Yes, I can.

8 Can I have dinner early tonight?

G It’s too far. H No, we can’t - the pool’s closed.

9 Your horse may not win.

I Oh yes please, it’s heavy.

10 Why can’t we walk there?

J But the seat’s free!

Should / shouldn't: • You should study harder. (= This is my advice.) • What should I do? (= Give me your opinion.) • You shouldn't be so rude. (= It would be a good idea to be more polite.)

Must / have to: • You must pay / have to pay when you buy something. (= It's important to pay for things) • Do I have to pay for this? (= Is it necessary?) Mustn't: • You mustn't leave without paying. (= It's important not to.) Don't have to / needn't: • You don't have to / needn't pay for the bags - they're free. (It's not necessary.) Notice that need and don't need take the infinitive with to: • I need to go to the bathroom. • Do you need to see a doctor? • You don't need to lose weight.

U nit 49

B Complete each sentence with the correct word or phrase from the brackets. If you find it difficult, look at the examples in the study box.

hard for my English exam on Friday.

1 I must (study / to study)

2 We needn’t _____

out if we don’t want to. (go / to go)

3 Where should I _

____the address? (write / to write)

4 Can anyone here

_____ Czech? (speak / to speak)

5 I don’t n eed_____ _______

a doctor, (see / to see)

6 The weather might

_______soon, (change / to change)

7 Sorry, we couldn’t _ 8 May I ____________

your phone number? (have / to have)

9 I think you should _

____________you’re sorry, (say / to say)

10 You m ay__________

C Match the two parts of the sentences. Use each item only once.

here any sooner, (get / to get)

wrong about that, (be / to be)

You needn’t

A stop studying if you have a headache.

Marilyn has

B be a sunny weekend.

You can

C buy me any flowers.

You should It may

D speak Dutch, so please can you translate this?

I couldn’t

E understand any of the lesson. F to sell her mother’s house.

D Complete the sentences with the correct verbs from the box. Two are used twice.

may

need must can’t should couldn’t needn’t can

1 I ____________be at home later in the evening, but I’m not sure.

2 I know you live in Egypt, b u t__________ you speak Arabic? to speak to the manager as soon as possible. 3 I 4 I pushed and I pulled, but I __________ open the door. 5 D avid___________ type very fast, you know, and he’s very hardworking. visit their grandmother if they don’t want to. 6 T hey_____ snow tomorrow. What do you think? 7 I t ________ 8 Y o u _______ _ the embassy immediately - it’s the only thing to do. 9 ‘Jonathan didn’t get the job.’ ‘Why not?’ ‘Because h e _________ drive!’ 10 If you ask me, I think y o u ____________ accept. It’s a very kind invitation.

91

UNIT 50 R e cy clin g A Read this information about cows and choose the best word or phrase (A, B or C) for each space.

some facts. How much 1) about cows? Here 2) ______to drink over grass, and they 4) Cows 3 ) ____ 100 litres o f water a day. Unlike humans, they 5 )_________ four stomachs. In its lifetime, a cow 6 ) _________ produce about 200,000 glasses of milk. The spots on a cow are like a fingerprint each animal 7 ) _________ a different pattern. 8 ) _________ are many kinds of cows around the world. The wild cows of the Serengeti 9 ) _________ run as fast as 110 kilometres an hour. In India, people 10) _________ great respect for the cow as a holy animal. B

C

1 you know

know you

do you know

2 is

are

3 eat

do eat

be are eating

4 must

need

should

5 has

having

have

6 has

may

can’t

7 has

got

have

8 They

It

There

are

can

showing

show

A

9 do 10 shows

B Match the two halves of these sentences about the future.

C Underline the negative part of each sentence.

1 If you buy the tickets,

A shall I carry it for you?

2 It’s too hot here -

B will you have lunch with me?

3 You’ve got a lot of luggage -

C it will rain this afternoon.

4 I’m free next Thursday -

D I’ll go to the concert with you.

5 Look at the clouds! I think

E arrives at Gatwick at 11 a.m.

6 The French President

F I’ll open the window.

1 I don’t eat mushrooms

5 She isn’t my piano teacher.

2 She never tells the truth.

6 The children aren’t ready.

3 Why can’t you do it?

7 You don’t seem to understand.

4 We haven’t got a sailing boat.

D Make these sentences negative.

92

8 He doesn’t ride a scooter.

1 I am in love with you.

5 He’s a family doctor.

2 He’s got a mobile phone.

6 He likes well-cooked meat.

3 We’ll be there by 4 p.m.

7 We speak Italian very well.

4 They are good basketball players.

8 They’ve got football practice tonight.

U nit 50

E Match the two parts of the sentences. Use each part only once.

1 It’s

A

2 It isn’t

B

3 They are 4 They aren’t

C D after two hours!

5 Is it 6 Are they

E F

F Complete each sentence so that it means the same as the one before. Use the word in capitals, but do not change it. Use between tw o and five words.

THERE

1 You can see three boys in the photo In the photo______________________

boys. YOU

2 What’s your job? do?

W h at__________

MAY

3 Perhaps it will snow today. I t ___________________________today.

SHOULD

4 I advise you to take care. Y o u _______________________

care.

5 I must go or I’ll be late. I _______________________ or I’ll be late.

TO

6 Jeremy stays in bed until 8 a.m.

GET

Jerem y___________________________before 8 a.m. 7 My subject at college is economics.

AM

At college I ___________________________economics. 8 I agree with you.

THINK

I ___________________________right. 9 Can you tell me what this costs?

MUCH

H ow ___________________________, please? 10 Diane always arrives on time.

NEVER

D iane___________________________late.

G Choose the correct words to complete this true story.

Allan Falby is a policeman in the state o f Texas, USA. His job is to 1) ride / drive his motorbike on the highways, making sure 2) they’re / there are no problems. One day he 3) was / were in an accident with a truck. He was badly hurt, but the driver left 4) he / him by the side of the road and drove away. Luckily another driver, Alfred Smith, stopped 5) and / but saved his life. Five years later, Falby arrived 6) at / in the scene of a crash in the same area. A man was 7) lieing / lying in the road, badly hurt. Falby was able to call 8) a / an ambulance and save his life. The man was Alfred Smith!

93

UNIT 51 A d jectives (1) Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun, and usually go before it. They don't change their spelling for singular or plural. • It was a great party. • I love red roses. Colour: black white red pink orange yellow purple grey pale green dark brown navy blue Size: big large long wide small little short narrow Shape: square □ round O rectangular I I Opinion: good great fantastic wonderful lively nice bad awful terrible horrible • The weather was terrible. Number: first second third fourth twentieth twenty-first

last

(See Unit 66 for more about adjectives.)

A Complete the sentences with a suitable adjective from the box. Use each item only once.

narrow

round long navy blue great awful tall

fourth

1 Polly’s wearing a sm art_______ suit. 2 Most watches have a ________face. 3 We loved the film - it w a s________! 4 T h e ________streets of the village were full of people. 5 Joseph ed his driving test t h e _______ time he took it. 6 The girls waited a _______ time at the station. 7

A v e ry ________policeman called Peter’s name.

8 The meal w a s________. I couldn’t eat it.

Adjectives ending in -ed often describe people's feelings: • I'm interested in computers. Adjectives ending in -ing often describe the thing itself: • Computers are interesting, frightened ~ frightening, amused ~ amusing, thrilled ~ thrilling, tired ~ tiring, bored ~ boring, excited ~ exciting, interested ~ interesting, shocked ~ shocking

B Some of these sentences have the wrong adjective. Tick (✓ ) the right sentences, and correct the wrong ones.

1 Jeffrey was boring by the programme. 2 I’m frightened of the dark. 3 This is such an amused book! 4 My mother was shocking to hear the news. 5 It was an exciting experience for everybody. 6 My brother thinks horror films are thrilled.

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UNIT 52 Possessives Possessive adjectives (my, his, her, its, our, your, their) tell you who owns something: • My car won't start.

• Can I borrow your pen?

We use possessive pronouns (mine, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs) instead of a possessive adjective plus a noun: • My name's Charlotte. What's yours? (= your name) • Is that little boy their son? No, he's mine. (= my son) Notice also: • John is a friend of mine. • It's an idea of his.

A Match the two halves of the sentences. Use each item only once.

1 I can’t see 2 Is this your mobile 3 We’ll eat at our house 4 I’m borrowing your car 5 He’s saving his money 6 This dog’s bark is worse 7 Tina’s lending me her walkman 8 Alan and s call their house

A or at theirs. B ‘His and Hers’!

C D E F G

we’re spending ours! your glasses anywhere. than its bite! or is it mine? because mine’s at the garage until Friday.

H so I don’t need yours, thanks

We show that something belongs to someone by using's after a singular noun: • the teacher's books • John's house We use s' after most plural nouns: • our neighbours' house But we use 's after irregular plurals: • the children's room • people's opinions

B Complete the sentences with the right word from the brackets.

1 Jack couldn’t answer the history________________ question. (teacher’s / teachers’) 2 Oh dear! T h e _________________ toys are all over the room. (children’s / childrens’) 3 He isn’t a friend of yours, he’s a friend o f ________________ ! (my / mine) 4 That’s t h e ________________ car, isn’t it? Who is he visiting? (doctor’s / doctors’) 5 Steve loves water polo. It’s a hobby o f ________________ . (him / his) 6 Do you se ll_______________________ shirts? (mens’ / men’s)

95

UNIT 53 Pronouns We use pronouns instead of nouns or names.

Subject pronouns (I, he, she, it, we, you, they) usually come before the main verb. • I do yoga on Wednesdays.

• We know your brother.

Object pronouns (me, him, her, it, us, you, them) are used after verbs and prepositions: • I saw him yesterday. • Please come with me.

• They gave us cheese sandwiches.

Demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those) show which things or people we are talking about: • What's this? • That's my sister's car over there. This, that, these, those can also be used before a noun: • This apple tastes awful.

• me those keys.

(See Unit 52 for possessive pronouns.)

A Choose the correct pronoun from the brackets to complete the sentences.

Why don’t you h e lp ___________? (we / us) I’ll g iv e___________a call, (he / him) Are you listening t o ___________? (I / me) are asking for it!

G iv e___________the m oney!________ (they / them, They / Them)

Mike a n d __________ are going swimming. Do you want to come w ith __________ ? (I / me, we / us) The Campbells - do you k n ow ___________well? (they / them) A m ___________cooking the dinner tonight? (I / me) Can you give this letter to ___________? (she / her, she / her)

when you see

9 Do you thin k__________ speaks Finnish? (he / him) 10 Can you throw that ball back t o ___________ ? (we / us)

Some of the conversations have the wrong pronouns. Tick (✓ ) the right sentences and correct the wrong ones.

1 ‘Is your sister at home?’ ‘Sorry, he’s out.’ 2 ‘Who’s there?’ ‘Us are here.’ 3 ‘Is this your parents’ CD? ‘Yes, I think so.’ 4 W hich are the best strawberries?’ ‘Them are the best ones.’ 5 ‘Is these your girlfriend’s computer?’ “Yes, it belongs to her.’ 6 ‘Where’s Tom?’ ‘I saw he at the bus stop.’ 7 ‘Why are you wearing them horrible shoes?’ ‘Because they’re comfortable.’ 8 ‘Who’s making the coffee?’ Y ou are!’ 9 ‘I really like Dido.’ T es, I like she too.’ 10 ‘Does that Saab belong to Mr Lloyd?’ ‘No, this is his car.’

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Relative pronouns up or connect parts of sentences. Who is used for a person: • I phoned the woman who sent me the letter. Which and that are used for a thing: • It's the film which / that I told you about. Why is for a reason: • She explained why she was angry. Where is for a place: • Is that where you live? When is for a time: • Is there a time when you can come? Whose is for something belonging to someone: • She's the girl whose photo is in the newspaper.

Match the two halves of the sentences, and connect them with who, which, whose, why, when or where.

D Complete the story with relative pronouns from the study box.

1 She’s a director

A

2 He lives in a house

B

3 There’s the man 4 I’ll e-mail you

C my brother works. D

5 That’s the cafe

E

6 That’s the reason

F has ten bedrooms.

Last summer Hugo went on holiday for two weeks to the island of Sardinia. He stayed in a hotel 1 )___________had a wonderful swimming pool and beautiful views of the sea. It was in a village 2 ) ___________the local people went fishing in the winter, and foreign visitors came in the summer. Hugo spent his first day on the beach, but on the second day he felt very ill. First he was too hot, then he was too cold. He couldn’t understand 3 ) ___________ he felt like that. So he went to see the local doctor, 4 ) __________ was a very nice man, and 5 ) ___________ English was excellent. ‘Summer is a time 6 ) _______ people often feel ill,’ the doctor said. ‘It’s too hot for most of us! Take this medicine, and stay out of the sun.’ Hugo took the doctor’s advice, and stayed in his room for the rest of his holiday. He soon felt better. ‘What a cheap holiday!’ he thought happily.

UNIT 54 Past simple We use the past simple to talk about completed actions at a fixed point in the past. We often use dates or times, or words like yesterday, last, ago: • We walked to school yesterday. • I saw him last week. • We went there two months ago. Regular verbs have an -ed or a -d ending: • She looked at me and I smiled at her. These are some common irregular verbs: be ~ was / were, come ~ came, do ~ did, drive ~ drove, fly ~ flew, give ~ gave, go ~ went, have ~ had, lose sit ~ sat see ~ saw, spend ~ spent, take ~ took, write ~ wrote

lost,

(See Unit 69 and page 144 for more irregular verbs.)

A Complete the sentences using the past simple of the verbs in the box.

be

dance drive give go help spend stay take want

see shout write

1 N adia________________for the Moscow Ballet in 1996. 2 I ___________all the way from Hamburg to Cadiz in my Volkswagen Beetle. 3 The whole fam ily___________to build the new house. 4 Richard___________ angrily at the other driver. 5 The d og ___________ so dirty that th ey____________ it a bath. 6 Jonathan___________all his money on CDs. 7 Shakespeare__________ a large number o f plays. 8 The teacher___________ to change the time o f our lesson. 9 W e ____________ Kylie Minogue in Saturday’s concert. 10 Last year Anthony and I ___________ on holiday to Crete. W e ___________in a lovely hotel, a n d ___________ hundreds of photos.

We make past simple questions with did: • Did you enjoy the party? • Did he speak to you? • Who did you see? To make negatives, we use didn't: • I didn't ask for help. • They didn't say thank you. But we DON'T use did in questions and negatives with the verb be and most modals: • He wasn't happy. • She couldn't do it. • Were you late? (See Unit 38 for help with be, and Unit 49 for help with modals.)

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B Make these sentences into past simple questions, starting with D id C Make these sentences negative.

D Choose the correct verbs from the box to complete the text about Eva Peron.

E Now make questions about the text, to fit these answers.

F Complete these past simple questions, using one word in each space.

1 You flew to Geneva.

5 Rebecca borrowed the money.

2 We lost all the money.

6 Martin went home for lunch.

3 They gave him a prize.

7 He sat on the beach all day.

4 You showed her your photos.

8 He wrote twenty postcards.

1 Colin was in the kitchen.

5 Neil wrote to his uncle.

2 I lost the car key. 3 I saw the bank robbers.

6 She worked in that restaurant.

4 We flew to Hawaii.

7 They danced all night.

found was loved went fell got

died became helped knew wanted met

Maria Eva Duarte was born in a small town in Argentina on 17 May 1919. Her family was very poor, and she 1 )___________to become rich and famous, so she 2 ) ___________to live in Buenos Aires. Here she 3 ) ___________work as an actress. In a short time she 4 ) ___________all the important people in the capital. When she 5 ) ___________Juan Peron, he 6 ) ___________ in love with her and soon they 7 ) ___________married. She 8 ) ___________ him in his career, and he 9 ) ___________President in 1946. Many poor Argentinians 10 )___________Eva Peron - they called her Evita. By now she 11 )___________one of the richest and most powerful women in the world. She 1 2 )___________of cancer on 26 July 1952, at the age of thirty-three. 1 ___________________________

Argentinian.

2 ___________________________

Because she wanted to become rich and famous.

3 ___________________________

She worked as an actress.

4 ___________________________

Juan Peron.

5 ___________________________

In 1946.

6 ___________________________

Evita.

7 ___________________________

On 26 July 1952.

8 ___________________________

Only thirty-three years old.

1 _________________ you in Paris last week? 2 _________________ Robert at school yesterday? 3 ________________ you see that programme about volcanoes? 4 _________________ Celia to buy the bread? 5 _________________ that man a TV actor in the 1980s? 6 ________________ you make a mistake just then? 7 ________________ he look relaxed during the interview? 8 ________________ they surprised at the news?

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UNIT 55 R ecy clin g A Tick (✓ ) the correct sentences, and rewrite the wrong ones.

1 I am washing my hair every day. 2 Are you understanding the professor’s questions? 3 I’m painting the sunset - isn’t it beautiful? 4 My nephews are liking pasta very much. 5 Gerry usually walks to work. 6 Zak’s teachers are knowing that he will the test. 7 Elaine’s having a shower at the moment. 8 Oh no! It starts to rain! 9 My friends are waiting for me at the bus stop.

B Complete this text about a young man called Reece, by writing one word in each space

Reece is a very busy young man these days! It all 1 )___________in February, 2 ) ___________he went skiing in the Italian Alps. Next he 3 ) ___________a week o f winter sunshine in the Canary Islands, with some friends. He 4 ) ___________at home in April and May, but a Malaysian friend 5 ) ___________married in June, so Reece 6 ) ___________to the wedding in Kuala Lumpur. From there he flew to Australia to visit 7 )___________only uncle, 8 ) ___________ lives in Queensland. When he 9 ) ___________back in England yesterday, 10 )___________was no time to relax. He 11 )___________ to catch the next train to Aberdeen, 12 )___________he’s starting a new job tomorrow!

I'IWVi

C Complete the conversations and sentences with the correct pronouns.

1 ‘Does this belong to the Hall family?’ ‘No, it isn’t ______ , it’s mine!’ 2 ‘What about the police?’ ‘I haven’t seen ______ yet.’ 3 ‘Help! Help! Can someone h e lp ______ , please!’ 4 ‘Sonia phoned.______ wanted me to le n d ______ my car!’

100

5 “We all need to know! G iv e______ an answer, now!’ 6 ‘Is this Linda’s?’ T es, I think it’s ______ .’ 7 ‘This is my brother’s house.’ ‘Oh, I didn’t know it was _ 8 ‘It’s George’s birthday, so I’m giving______ a present.’

D Match the two halves of these sentences. Use each item only once.

1 Tell me why

A

ran away.

2 He’s the boy who

B

Napoleon died.

3 This is Jamie, whose

C D E F

you’re so unhappy.

4 That’s where 5 Is this the book which 6 Is there a time when

E Match five of these adjectives with their meanings: awful fourth lovely navy blue round square tall white F Some of these sentences are wrong. Tick (✓ ) the right ones, and correct the wrong ones.

you told me about? we can have lunch? brother is ill.

1 It comes after third. 2 It’s a shape, with four equally long sides. 3 It’s a dark colour. 4 It’s the opposite of short, for people and buildings. 5 It means very bad. 1 I must to buy a newspaper on my way home. 2 Can you ride a horse? 3 You should work harder. 4 I was boring by the film. 5 It may not to rain at the weekend. 6 I think you should need more money. 7 Do you must go to work every day? 8 You needn’t to get up early during the holidays. 9 Maxine is frightened o f wild animals. 10 We were thrilling to win the prize. 11 I couldn’t used my computer. 12 It was an interesting experience.

G Replace each group of words in italics with one verb that means the same. Use the past simple form. All the verbs come from Unit 54.

1 We went by plane to Guadalajara. 2 I couldn’t find my way in such a large town. 3 The visitors spent the night at an expensive hotel. 4 The children went on foot all the way home. 5 Everybody in the village worked together to build the new school. 6 Carlos took the car to the car park in the town centre. 7 Rick sent a letter to his French penfriend. 8 The shop assistant was sure about the price of the toy.

UNIT 56 Present perfect The present perfect is formed with has / have + the past participle: I / we / you / they have finished he / she / it has finished Short forms I / we / you / they've finished he / she / it's finished For regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the past simple, but you have to learn the past participles of irregular verbs. (See Unit 69 and page 144.,) We use the present perfect for actions with a result in the present: • She's lost her bag. (= It happened in the past, but the result is that she hasn't got her bag now.)

A Complete these present perfect sentences with one or two words.

1 Raymond

2

I _________

helped me a lot in my work. always wanted a better job.

3 T hey_____ ____been friends of ours for a long time. 4 I think you _________ parked in the wrong place. 5 Y u k o_____ ________ learnt a little more English recently.

6 7 8 9

‘Eat some more!’ ‘No thank y o u ,___________finished!’ ‘Where’s Sarah?’ ‘_______ gone shopping.’ Yes!! R onaldo___________scored again for Brazil! ‘You look tired, Liam.’ ‘W ell,___________just walked home, and it’s a long way!’

10 ‘Are you and Chris going on holiday?’ ‘Yes, two weeks in the Caribbean.’

Negatives I / we / you / they have not / haven't finished he / she / it has not / hasn't finished

Questions Have I / we / you / they finished? Has he / she / it finished? We use the present perfect to talk about recent actions at no fixed time, often with just, already, recently: • We've just received your e-mail. • I haven't seen Andrea recently. • I've already been there. We also use it for actions or experiences which are not finished, often with yet, so

far, ever: • 'Have you ever been to Cuba?' 'No, I haven't been there yet.'

For with the present perfect covers a period of time, but since is used for a fixed point in the past: • I've worked here for three years. • We haven't been to the theatre since March.

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B Complete these sentences with fo r or since.

1 We haven’t seen A ndy________

_ his birthday.

2 I’ve lived in this tow n_________

I was twenty.

3 It hasn’t rained____________ over two weeks. 4 The children have been quiet____________ at least ten minutes! last weekend.

5 I haven’t played squash 6 I’ve had this ca r_______

C Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using the word in capitals. Do not change the word. Use between two and five words.

six years.

1 The last time I was here was March. I

SINCE March.

2 Your letter arrived a few moments ago.

JUST

W e _________________________________ your letter. 3 Is Ecuador one of the places you have visited?

EVER

H ave________________________________ Ecuador? 4 Joe still has to do his project. his project yet. J oe_____________________________ 5 Somebody has already bought our house.

NOT SOLD

W e ________________________________ our house.

Which tense - present perfect or past simple? Use the past simple for finished actions, at a fixed time in the past, or with words like yesterday, last..., ago and dates or times. Use the present perfect with just, already, recently, yet, so far, and ever, or if there is a connection with the present, or if no fixed time in the past is given.

D Decide which tense to use: present perfect or past simple. Complete the sentences using the words in brackets, and the correct form of the verbs. (See page 144 for a list of irregular verbs.)

1 I ___________ Eric at the market yesterday, (see) 2 ___________ (you / ever)____________to South America? (be) 3 Sven

to work every day last week, (cycle)

4 Manfred

___ in Bordeaux in 1999. (work)

5 Alison

_ a new leather jacket. It’s lovely, (buy)

___(already)____________to the office, (go) 6 Vanessa _ interest in Cliff Richard over twenty years 7 My aunt _ ago. (lose) ____ his driving test, () (just) 8 Billy_____ (w e)___________ so far? (collect) 9 How much money (not) __________ your papers 10 I’m sorry, I ______ anywhere, (see)

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UNIT 57 Prepositions At, in and on are prepositions of place. At is used for an address with a number, or a building. We also say at home, at work, at school: • He lives at 13 Sydney Street. local post office.

• I'm at home all day.

• He works at the

In is used for a street, town, region, country or continent: • She works in Japan. • I live in Europe. or a covered space: • His glasses are in the car.

On is used for a flat surface: • The food is on the table.

• The clock's on the wall.

To, from, into and out of are used with verbs of movement: • She flew from Singapore to Brisbane.

• I ran into the classroom.

Notice that we never use to with arrive. You arrive in a place, and at a building, and you arrive home: • I arrived in Thailand last week. • We arrived at Gatwick airport. • What time did you arrive home?

A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition from the study box.

1 I’ve left my ja ck et____Sue’s house. 2 Carlos arrived____Stuttgart airport. ^ They w ork ____southeast Asia. 4 We’ll clim b____ the top o f the hill. 5 I’ve just arrived h ere____ Paris. 6 I rushed____ the house and down the road. 7 Look, the document’s ____the screen. 8 She’s staying____the Malibu Hilton. 9 The biscuits a r e ____the cupboard. 10 She w alked____ her bedroom and lay dow n____ the bed. 11 He lives____ 10 Downing Street. 12 I’m staying____home this evening.

Here are some more common prepositions and expressions: • He cleaned the computer with a special cloth. • I hate rude people like Janice. • Sally looks very like her sister. • Fred's new car is parked in front of his house. He always travels by car. • The baker's is the shop at the end o f the row, next to the newsagent's. • We're going on holiday to Fiji on Saturday. • Ahmed is in hospital with a broken leg. • There's a flat for sale in my street.

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B Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions from this unit.

1 Is your mountain b ik e _____ sale? 2 What happens_____ the end of the story? 3 I love visiting art galleries,_____ the P rado______ Madrid. 4 The cook cut the apples_____ a sharp knife. 5 ‘What’s _____ the box?’ ‘I’ll open it and see.’ 6 Are you h e re_____ holiday o r ______business? 7 The theatre’s righ t_____ to the museum. You can’t miss it. 8 There’s a children’s playground_front of our school. 9 I’m travelling_____ Denm ark_______ plane. 10 That boy looks

.your brother.

We also use at, in and on to talk about time.

At is used for exact times, festivals and mealtimes: • at 2.30, at Easter, at the weekend, at lunchtime Note that we say at night, but in the middle of the night.

In is used for seasons, years, months and times of day: • in summer, in 1999, in December, in the morning

On is used for days of the week, dates and special days: • on Thursday, on 2nd May, on New Year's Day Note that we write 2nd May, but we say It's the second of May.

During is used for length of time: • Please don't talk during the concert.

C Choose the correct preposition for each time phrase.

1 in / on summer

12 at / in night

2 in / during the meal 3 at / in the afternoon 4 in / on 1901

13 at / in midnight 14 in / on April 17th

5 at / in the weekend

16 in / on Valentine’s Day

6 at / in seven o’clock

17 at / on Tuesday morning

7 in / on February

18 at / on 4th July 2001

8 at / on 2.20 p.m.

19 at / in the middle o f the night

9 at / in winter

15 at / on my birthday

10 at / in Christmas

20 at / during the evening

11 at / on Friday

21 in / on your wedding day

105

UNIT 58 Past continuous I / he / she / it was watching we / you / they were watching I / he / she / it was not / wasn't watching we / you / they were not / weren't watching

Questions Was I /he/she/it watching ... ? Were we/you/they watching ... ? We use the past continuous to talk about an action in the past that was not finished. Sometimes two continuous actions happen at the same time: • I was thinking while I was lying in the bath. Sometimes a short, past simple action cuts into a long, continuous one: • I was walking down the road when suddenly someone screamed. Sometimes we use the past continuous to describe the beginning of a story: • The sun was shining, and the birds were singing.

A Complete the sentences in the past continuous, using verbs from the box. You will need to use one of the verbs twice.

listen Martha T hey__

have

talk

rain

do

drive

watch

to work when suddenly her mobile phone rang. TV while their mother was cooking dinner.

When we arrived at Manchester airport, i t ____. Trevor____his homework when the door bell rang. The teacher____about the lesson, but no o n e ____ to him. When the police arrived, L isa ____her breakfast. W hat____(you )____ at 7 o’clock last night?

B Match the two halves of the sentences. They are all at the beginning of a story.

1 It was a lovely day, 2 Rain was falling, 3 Hundreds o f tourists were arriving, 4 The whole team was getting excited,

C Match the sentences with the short answers (A -E ). Example: '/ was studying very hard.' 'Were you?'

106

A and we were ready for the match. B and the sun was shining. C and everybody was getting wet. D and the hotels were full.

5 I was feeling tired,

E and I needed a holiday.

1 They were painting their house.

A Was she?

2 Tracy was playing tennis.

B Was I?

3 Charles was eating a burger.

C Were they?

4 I was working in Vancouver.

D Was he?

5 You were waiting in the wrong place!

E Were you?

UNIT 59 Articles We use a, an or the before most nouns in English. An is used before words beginning with a, e, i, o, u and before silent h: • an egg • an Italian • an hour A is used before all other letters and before u or eu when they sound like 'you': • a book • a useful thing • a European

A/an is used for singular nouns: • I ate an apple. for jobs: • He's a pilot. and for certain numbers, speeds, times and costs: • a hundred • 80 kilometres an hour • three times a week • £20 a kilo

The is used for a person or thing already mentioned or known: • Yes, the film's called 'Deep Blue'. for groups of islands or states, and groups of people: • the Seychelles • the USA • the French • the old for rivers, seas and mountain ranges: • the Danube • the Pacific • the Alps after play with musical instruments: • She plays the piano very well. and when there is only one of something: • the North Pole • the moon • the President

No article is used for most street names, most countries and lakes: • East Street • Malta • Lake Constance in expressions like at / to work, at / to school, at / go home and when making general comments about things: • Life is funny.

A Complete these phrases and sentences with a,an,the, or - .

1 They cost £1.50____kilo. 2 The plane flew o v er____ Andes. 3 He goes swimming twice ____ day. 4 I h a d ____ icy shower. 5 They go t o _____school by bus. 6 Paris is o n ___________ Seine.

B Some of these sentences

1

are not correct. Tick (✓ ) the right ones, and correct the wrong ones.

We’re going to see film tonight.

2

I walked down the Oxford Street.

3 He crossed the Atlantic in a small boat. 4 River Thames flows through London. 5 My aunt cooked an hot meal for us.

• Fruit is good for you.

7 Chris lives n ea r____ Lake Victoria.

8 She’s ____ opera singer. 9 ____ cheese is good for you. 10 The play’s on a t ____ National Theatre. 11 She was lucky to g e t____ university place. 6 My father’s actor and my mother’s writer. 7 I phoned my friend at the work. 8 I like chocolate very much! 9 Her office is in the Town Hall. 10 No smoking is allowed in classroom!

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UNIT 60 R ecyclin g A Complete the text about the film star Grace Kelly, by putting one word in each space.

Grace Kelly was born 1 )___________12th November 1929 2 ) ___________Philadelphia, USA. She was the daughter of an Irish-American millionaire and 3 ) ___________good-looking wife. Blonde and beautiful, Grace 4 ) ___________at acting school, and then acted 5 ) ___________theatre plays and TV programmes. 6 ) __________1951, her first Hollywood film made her 7 ) __________instant success. She went on to act in many more 8 ) __________, with famous actors 9 ) ___________ Gary Cooper, Clark Gable and Cary Grant. 10 )___________the 1954 Cannes Festival, Prince Rainier of Monaco 11 )___________her and 12 )___________ in love with her. Only a few months later, Grace married 13 )___________and became Princess Grace of Monaco. Thirty million people 14)___________her wedding on television. The Prince and Princess 15 )___________three children, and seemed very happy. Then one day 16)___________September 1982, Grace 17)___________driving her daughter Stephanie home, when she suddenly 18 )___________ill. 19 )___________ was a terrible accident. Stephanie was hurt, and the Princess died 20) ___________hospital the next day.

B Complete Laura's e-mail by writing one word in each space.

Hi, Sophie! We’re having a barbecue 1 )_________ my house 2 )__________ Saturday afternoon. I live 3 )_________ 52 Norton Road. 4 )_________ you know 5 )__________ that is? You can come any time after 12, 6) _________ I think we 7 )_________ finish at about 7 p.m. 8) __________ will be lots of delicious food. I’m 9 ) __________ to make one of my special rice salads. 10) _________ you come? I hope so! Love, Laura

C Complete these sentences with verbs from the box in their correct form.

arrive

feel

look think

lose walk

rain see wash

stay

1 Outside it w a s ___________, and I w a s ___________ very unhappy. 2 Logan w a s ___________hard while he w a s___________ his hands. 3 We w ere____________________ after the old lady when the doctor 4 I w a s___________down the road when I ___________ an accident. 5 Emma w a s ___________ in a mountain village in Nepal when she ___________her port.

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D Present perfect or past simple? Read these sentences and decide which tense to use. Then complete the sentences with the verb in brackets.

1 Well done! Y o u __________________ the race! (win) 2 W e ___________________ enough for our holiday yet. (not / save) 3 Shannon__________________ the shopping, (already / do) 4

T h ey______________________me that CD for my last birthday. (give)

5

I ________________ you a

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

letter last week, (write)

Thom as______________________ his arm two weeks ago. (break) K atie___________________ in Chicago for ten years now. (live) I ____ my Italian exam! (just / ) A shley_____________________a hundred metres so far. (swim) Yesterday I __________________ up at 7 a.m. (wake) __________________ any tennis recently? (you / play) In 1987 Jordan’s u n cle__________________ a new house, (buy) __________________ a sports car? (you / ever / drive) Shakespeare___________________in 1615 - he died in 1616. (not / die)

15 W e __________________ for the same company since 1991. (work)

E Complete these sentences with a, an, the , or - .

1 I’ll meet you i n ____ O’Connell Street, outside____ Gresham Hotel. 2 He went climbing i n ____ Alps, w ith ____ group of his friends. 3 Look a t ____moon! It’s just o v e r____ hills at the back of your house. 4

St Lucia i s ____ island i n _________ Caribbean. It’s _____ beautiful place fo r ________ holiday.

5 We crossed____ Rhine, and continued driving through____ .

6 It cost £ 2 ____kilo, so we bought____ hundred kilos! 7 They paid us £ 1 0 ____hour, and we did the work a t ____ home. 8 She goes t o ____ gym tw ice____ week. It’s the one i n ____ sports centre. 9 I think that’s ____ Italian restaurant where Morgan h a d ____ wonderful meal last week. 10 He lives i n ____ small village n ea r____ Lake Victoria. 11 I h a d ____ awful headache on Monday morning, but I went to ____work anyway. Luckily____ headache soon got better! 12 ____ time i s ____ money! That’s w h at____ people say!

UNIT 61 A dverbs (1) Adverbs describe a verb: • He walked quickly. • She smiled happily. or they can describe an adjective: • The exam was surprisingly easy. Most adverbs look like this: adjective + -ly: • slow ~ slowly • careful ~ carefully but note these spelling changes: • angry ~ angrily • terrible ~ terribly and these exceptions: • good ~ well • fast ~ fast • hard ~ hard

Other kinds of adverbs Time: suddenly, now, yesterday, last / next week, soon, later, first, then, next, recently, just, yet, already, at last • We saw that film last week.

• First he had a shower, and then he went out. How much: very, too, rather, a bit, a little • The tea was too hot to drink. • I'm a bit tired. Place: here, there, everywhere, left, right, straight on • Turn left at the traffic lights. • Stay there! Don't go away. How often: never, occasionally, sometimes, often, usually, always • We often eat out. • I sometimes go swimming after work. (See Unit 54 on the past simple, and Unit 56 on the present perfect.)

A Make adverbs from

1

quick

these adjectives.

2 3 4 5

good

B Complete these sentences with the correct adverbs from the study box.

comfortable quiet easy

6 careful 7 possible 8 nice 9 musical 10 cold

I haven’t typed the report it now.

11 12 13 14 15

fast

16 probable

usual

17 helpful

hard

18 polite

slow

19 sad

rude

20 angry

, but I’m going to do

2 The beach w a s__________ crowded so we went home. 3 I _________ _ watch football on Saturdays. I never miss a match! 4 Go ___at the crossroads. Don’t turn right o r ____________! 5

he bought his ticket;___________ he got on the train.

6 That’s a nice car, but it’s probably expensive for me to buy. 7 So you lived in Wales? Did you like living___________ ? 8 I’v e ___________ done the washing, so you don’t need to do it. 9 Make sure you check every word very___________ . 10 Jam es___________ drinks coffee. He says he hates the taste.

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U n it 61

Some verbs (appear, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste) take an adjective, not an adverb, to describe the subject: • That girl looks happy. (happy describes the girl) We use an adverb if we want to describe the action: • She looked closely at the photographs. (closely describes the verb)

Read these sentences. Which gaps need an adverb, and which need an adjective? Choose the correct word from the brackets.

1

Sachiko always drives

2 3

That pizza sm ells___________! (delicious / deliciously) Liz sm iled_______ at her teacher, (sweet / sweetly)

4

This fish tastes _

____ . (bad / badly)

5

Martin’s feeling

_____ today, (happy / happily)

6 7 8 9

You look _______

. (slow / slowly)

in that dress, (beautiful / beautifully) ___________there was a knock on the door. (Sudden / Suddenly)

You’ve explained the problem rather___________. (good / well) The book sounds_______ (wonderful / wonderfully)

. I must read it!

Order of adverbs Time adverbs and here / there usually go at the beginning or end of the sentence: • Last year we went skiing. • He was very happy there. Adverbs that tell you how often {often, always etc), and the adverbs just and already, usually go before the verb: • I always walk to work. or between two verbs: • She has never been there. • I can already do it. but after the verb be: • They are usually late for school.

Yet goes at the end of the sentence: • I haven't done it yet. Left, right, straight on, home go just after the verb: • Turn right now. Very, too, rather, a bit, a little go just before the adjective: • It's very cold. • I feel rather tired.

D Put these sentences in the correct order.

1 never I Estonia to have been

2 3 4 5 6

hospital turn the at left rather today sad she looks drove very home he fast Cyprus is it sunny often in you here enjoying are yourself?

7 last received she letter at his

8 don’t swim sea usually they the in 9 promise study I hard to 10 children very didn’t well feel the 11 your have yet homework you finished? 12 school always to walks he

111

UNIT 62 ives The present simple ive is formed with am / is / are + the past participle: • I'm called Clare. • The grass is cut every Monday. For the past simple ive we use was / were + the past participle: • The cars were made in Italy. We use the ive when an action is more important than the person who does, it or when we do not know who did it: • My car was stolen last night. (The police don't know yet who did it.) Sometimes we add by plus the person or thing doing the action: • The story was written by Graham Greene. Notice: • I was born in Grenoble, (not */ am born)

A Use these words to make ive sentences. Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 144 if you need to.

1 In this town / the streets / clean / every week. 2 This CD player / make / in Korea. 3 My wallet / steal / last Thursday. 4 Marcus / injure / in the accident. 5 Five hundred pupils / teach / in this school.

6 The children’s teeth / check / twice a year. 7 My house / build / a hundred years ago. 8 All the food at the party / eat / very quickly. 9 Millions of e-mails / sent / every day. 10 Two windows / break / by a football / yesterday. B Match the two halves of the sentences. Use each item only once.

C Complete these ive sentences, using the correct form of the verbs in the box.

1 2 3 4 5 6

This dictionary was

A planted in the park.

The fax machine was

B served from 12.00.

Some new trees were

C born in Oporto.

My sister and I are

D printed in Egypt.

Lunch is

E repaired this morning.

Maria was

F both taught by Mr Dean.

break

export

make

paint

speak

tell

1 French and Germ an________________ in this office. 2 My mobile phone________________ in Hong Kong. 3 Diamonds_________________ by South Africa every year. 4 The Mona L isa ________________ by Leonardo da Vinci. 5 Liam’s le g ________________________ in a skiing accident.

6 When the alarm rang, everybody________________ to go out.

112

UNIT 63 Linking words Linking words are used to up parts of sentences. Here are some common ones: And links two ideas which make sense together: • I went shopping and bought a suit. But links two ideas which are different: • He studied hard, but he failed the test. Or links two or more things to choose from: • We could go for a swim, or we could have a picnic. Because shows a reason why something happens: • She came here because you invited her. If shows what could make something happen in the future: • He'll stay if you're polite to him. So shows a result: • Ivan had a headache, so he took an aspirin. When and where show time and place: • I'll call you when I'm ready. • I don't know where they live.

A up the following parts of sentences, using suitable linking words from the study box.

This year my parents had a holiday in Sri Lanka,___________ they went to Thailand as well.

2 Ali had lots of homework to d o ,___________ he didn’t watch any TV. 3 I’ll go to the party___________ you and I can go together. 4 He’ll leave his jo b ___________ he finds a better one. That will be easy! 5 I’ll go

you tell me to go. You’ve got the map!

6 I need a dictionary I want to look up this word. 7 I like H arry,______ sometimes he can be rather difficult. 8 Why don’t we e-mail Sue, ________ send her a text message?

B Match the two parts of the sentences. Use each part only once.

C Put these sentences in the correct order.

1 We can sit

A or go out to eat - you choose.

2 I’ll ring him

B because I missed the bus.

3 We could stay at home

C where you like.

4 I’m a bit late

D but it’s too expensive.

5 I’ll work really hard

E when I find the number.

6 I’d like to see the play

F if you give me the job!

1 speak we French together Russian or can

5 because angry he he was shouted

2

difficult but it’s I’ll try

3

stay don’t know to where they

6 do if I’ll work you the me pay 7 and closed locked it I door the 8 came when dog called the Adam

4

dinner when get home we have let’s

113

UNIT 64 Countables and uncountables Most nouns in English are countable, which means we can count them: • a bottle, two cats, five people, twenty rooms, a hundred students Some nouns are uncountable, so we can't count them: • bread, butter, food, furniture, gold, information, luggage, money, news, petrol, salt, scenery, sugar, rice, water We can't make uncountable nouns plural, and we use a singular verb with them: • I'd like some information, (not *l'd like some informations.) • The rice is delicious, (not *The rice / rices are delicious.)

Mark each noun with C for countable or U for uncountable.

B Some of these sentences are not correct. Tick (✓) the right ones and correct the wrong ones.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

butter student flat sugar water scenery person rice bike news

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

salt book luggage computer bag information money museum office furniture

1 The news are bad today. 2 We visited both museums. 3 They’re very good breads. 4 People are waiting for the train. 5 I’m buying some new furnitures.

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

114

Are there any butter in the fridge? I think my luggages are on the plane. Five student lives in my flat. Swiss sceneries are beautiful. The money is on the table. What informations do you need? No sugars for me, thank you. I don’t like them. A lot of gold were stolen from the bank. Is there enough petrol in the car? We bought a lot o f foods for lunch.

U nit 64

With uncountables, we use some, a lot of and a little: • Have some bread. • I've got a lot of homework. • She drank a little water. For questions and negatives with uncountables, we use any and much: • Is there any milk? • We haven't got much coffee. With plural countables, we use some, a lot of, a few, any and many: • He bought some new clothes and a few CDs. • I didn't see many people.

C Complete these sentences with some, or any.

Have you got questions?

2 Is th ere_____ rice left? 3 Sarah’s done _____ ____ useful work. Callum doesn’t want _____ fruit. Did you ta k e_____ good photos?

D Complete these sentences with much, many, a few, or a little.

E Match the two halves of the sentences. Use each item only once.

6 Have you seen good films this year? H ave_____ more chocolate cake. 8 I’d lik e _____ advice, please. 9 There aren’t _____ flats for sale. 10 We haven’t received_____ e-mails from you.

1 H ow ___________time do you need to do the job? 2 There are on ly___________good programmes on TV. 3 I’d like pepper on the pasta, please. 4 How people do you know at the football club? 5 I only saw _ _____ children playing baseball. 6 There isn’t ______water left in the bottle. 7 Could I have ________more butter, please? 8 Jasmine hasn’t got books in her bag. 9 Is there__________ news in the paper? 10 There weren’t ______people waiting at the bus stop. 1 How much

A time left.

2 How many

B apples with me.

3 There isn’t any

C of the rooms tomorrow.

4 We only want a little

D food is there?

5 We’ll paint some

E coffee, if you like.

6 I only took a few 7 Have some 8 Is there any

F luggage to put in the car? G people did you invite? H information.

115

UNIT 65 R ecy clin g

A Look at the picture and complete the sentences with the correct words.

1 There i s __ _furniture in the room. 2 There isn’t ____ luggage in the room. 3 There’s

_ apple_____the table.

4 There 5 There

. some grapes on the plate

6 There’s 7 There’s B Put these conversations in the right order.

C Now do the same with this conversation.

D Do the same again with this conversation.

E Complete these sentences with the correct adverbs.

two chairs_____ to the table. book _____ the bag. clock_____ the wall.

A Didn’t you buy any?

B We’re eating out tonight!

A Don’t we? Why not?

B No, there isn’t any.

A Is there any food in the house?

B We don’t need any.

A Anything else?

B I’ve had some, thanks.

A Well, have another steak, then.

B I can’t eat any more, thanks.

A Have some rice.

B I’ve had one, thanks.

A How much?

B Oh, just a little.

A What about potatoes?

B Yes, we always eat some.

A Do you eat bread with your meals?

B No, we don’t eat many.

1 I’m a slow thinker. I thin k________________ . 2

He’s a careful driver. He always drives_____________________.

3 Julia is a polite person. She speaks________________ . 4 You’re such a hard worker. You work v ery ________________ . 5

She’s a good cook. She cooks really_________________________.

6 Their lives were happy. They lived________________ together.

116

U nit 65

F Read this story and choose the best words (A, B, or C) to fill the gaps.

7

Tim’s a fast cyclist. He can cycle v e ry ________________ .

8

There was a cold look on her face. She looked________________ at us.

9

Is it possible? Can w e ________________ do it?

It was the 1 )________of the night, and Hannah was asleep. 2 ) ________she woke up. 3) W h a t________ that noise outside in the street? She looked 4 ) ____________ her bedroom window, and 5 )________two men, 6) ______were trying to steal her car. So she rang 7 ) ________police station. ‘I’m sorry, madam, we can’t come at the moment. We’re 8) ________ busy,’ a policeman told her. Hannah put the phone down slowly 9 ) ________waited for a minute. 10) ________she rang the police again. ‘I phoned you a minute 11) ________about two men stealing 12) ________ car,’ she said. ‘Well, you 13 )________hurry, 1 4 )________ I’ve found my 15) ________gun and shot them.’ Two minutes later 16 )________were six police cars outside her house and a police helicopter circling over her roof. The police were surprised to find the two men unhurt. The thieves 1 7 )________ arrested and taken away. The police chief said 18)________to Hannah, ‘You lied to 19 )________! You shot them, you said!’ T ou were 2 0 )_________as well!’ answered Hannah. T ou said you were too busy to come!’

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 G Complete these past simple ive sentences with w as or were.

A

B

C

time

middle

a

At last

Suddenly Next

were

is

was

out of

into

up to

saw

seeing

sees

which

who

they

the

a

to

yet

rather

now

or

because

and

Then

Now

Just

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A

B

C

before

past

ago

mine

my

me

needn’t may not

don’t

and

but

because

father there

father’s they’re

fathers’ they

were

was

are

angry

angrily

anger

we

our

us

lying

lie

liar

1 I ___________born in Bolivia. 2 Our computer___________repaired last week. 3 Those houses___________built in 1985. 5 W hen___________the car stolen? 5 The pupils___________sent home early.

6 These shoes__________________ made in Italy. 7 Duncan___________taught by Mr Woods. 8 One person____________killed in the accident.

117

UNIT 66 A d je ctiv e s (2) Order of adjectives Adjectives usually go before the noun they are describing: • It was a big house. They may also go after the verb be to describe a noun: • The boy's face was red. If there is more than one adjective, this is the correct order to use:

opinion size age shape colour nationality material NOUN • a pretty blue pullover • some delicious French cheese • a small round glass bowl

A Put these phrases in the right order.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

a gold watch beautiful a house white small table rectangular wooden a little dog pretty a Mexican a meal delicious old a building large box square a black

8 blue dress silk a 9 comfortable a leather old sofa 10 delicious Italian some ice cream 11 car new a nice 12 wonderful Russian a new film

We use comparatives to compare people or things. We use more or less for long adjectives, and -er for short ones, with than: • Ryan is shorter than his cousin. • Abigail is more intelligent than Ellie. Note these exceptions: • good ~ better • bad ~ worse and be careful with spelling: • fat ~ fatter • easy ~ easier

B Write down the correct comparatives for these adjectives.

C Complete these sentences with the correct comparative.

118

1 2 3 4

far ~ further / farther

9 comfortable

good

5 fat

happy

6 kind 7 beautiful 8 pretty

expensive easy

10 short 11 big 12 modern

13 bad 14 red 15 far 16 quick

There are four reasons why your new camera is better than mine!

1 2 3 4

It’s ________________ than mine, (small) It’s

_____________ than mine, (light)

It’s

than mine, (easy to carry)

It’s

than mine, (cheap)

U nit 66 And there are four reasons why Nathan’s car is better than ours! 5

It’s ________________________ than ours, (fast)

6 7 8

It’s ________________ than ours, (comfortable) It’s ____________________ than ours, (modern) It’s __________________ than ours, (expensive)

We use superlatives to talk about the best or worst person or thing in the class, at work, in the room, in the world etc. We use the most for long adjectives, and the + -est for short adjectives: • the most difficult question • the tallest building in the world Note these exceptions: • good ~ the best • bad ~ the worst • far ~ the furthest / farthest and be careful with spelling: • big ~ the biggest • happy ~ the happiest

D Write down the correct superlatives for these adjectives.

E Complete these questions from a general knowledge quiz, using the adjectives in the box. Use each adjective only once. Then find the correct answers.

1 2 3 4

long

5

bad

6 successful 7 happy 8 difficult

deep high

fast

1 2 3 4

high

fluent

big

9

fast

13 large

10 easy 11 good 12 polite

successful

easy

14 big 15 wide 16 tall

large

long

What’s the

mountain in the world?

A The Nile

What’s the

countrv in Africa?

B China

What’s the

animal on Earth?

C Everest

Which countrv has the world’s population?

5 Which is the

6 Who were the 7 Which language is

D Your own! E The Beatles

river in the world? group of the 1960s?

F Sudan G The cheetah

to learn?

'- H a j* *

119

UNIT 67 Gerund and infinitive A gerund is the -ing form of a verb acting as a noun. We use it after certain verbs, like love, enjoy, hate, avoid, mind, and all prepositions: • He enjoys playing football. • She's keen on dancing. We can also use it as the subject of a sentence: • Shopping is fun! • Learning a language is difficult.

A Complete the sentences with the gerund of the following verbs.

collect

cook

drink

Pat really lik es_______

get

play

read

sit

swim

meals for her friends,

I’m interested i n ___________ old books. ___________a lot of water is good for you. Kevin thinks he’s bad a t ___________maps. My grandmother hates___________in a cold room. I don’t m ind___________up early. _________ is good exercise for the whole body.

8 The boys are bored w ith ___________computer games now. An infinitive is the basic form (the first part) of the verb. We use it with to after many verbs (want, would like, decide, hope, promise, offer): • I wanted to watch the video. We use it without to after most modal verbs (must, can, may, might, should, needn't), let and make: • You can ski well. • They never let me play tennis with them.

B Do you need to or not? Complete the sentences, using the verbs in brackets.

120

1 Don’t worry. I think we c a n ___________it. (do) 2 I h op e___________you again soon, (see) 3 It m a y ___________a good idea. I’m not sure, (be) 4 I’d lik e __________ you for a meal, (invite) 5 Bernie’s parents didn’t let h im ___________out with his friends. (go) his mother’s advice, (take) 6 Matthew decided _ . harder in future, (work) 7 The boy promised __________ with the sports day. 8 Pam and her friends offered________ (help) 9 You m ust___________and see my new flat, (come) 10 Let’s have the barbecue today. It m ight_________ tomorrow. (rain)

U nit 67

Match the two halves of the sentences. Use each item only once.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Juan is keen

A waiting for half an hour? B meet Nina after work?

Do you mind The head has decided My friends have offered

C in learning to play chess. D arrive on Monday.

Can you

E on studying law.

I’m interested

F to move her office.

The parcel may

G staying in expensive hotels.

We all enjoy

H to take me out to dinner.

Many adjectives can be followed by to + infinitive: pleased, glad, happy, unhappy, sad, sorry, afraid, surprised • I'm surprised to hear that. easy, hard, difficult, possible, impossible • This shirt is impossible to iron, right, wrong • You're right to be angry.

D Complete the text with the correct phrases from the box. There is one extra that you do not need.

E Complete the sentences by choosing the correct verb.

• He was wrong to say that.

to learn sorry to say pleased to hear that happy to return hard to adapt surprised to find to do to improve Last summer Grace decided 1 )_____________ a two-week course in , because she wanted 2) __________ her French. On her first day at the language school, they gave her a test, and the teacher told her, ‘We’ll put you in the top class.’ She was very 3 ) ________________ , and, I’m 4 ) _________________ , she proudly told all her friends at home, ‘I’m one of the best students!’ But soon she was 5 ) ________________ how difficult the class was. She also felt very homesick. ‘It’s 6) _________________ to life in another country!’ she thought. At the end of the two weeks, her French was much better, but she was 7 )______________________________ home! 1 Couldn’t you find / finding the word in the dictionary?

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Luckily Ross avoided to have / having an accident. The teacher made us do / to do / doing extra homework. I’m pleased to say / saying we can help you. They’ve promised to be / being very good in future. I may see / to see / to seeing you again on Thursday. We hope arrive / to arrive / arriving early tomorrow. We never let the dog sit / to sit on the furniture.

121

UNIT 68 Adverbs (2) Comparatives When we compare the way people do things, we use more + than with -ly adverbs: • Ann speaks Greek more fluently than Jo. • Sandy drives more slowly than you. For short adverbs, we add -er: • hard ~ harder, late ~ later, early ~ earlier • She runs faster than he does / faster than him. Note these exceptions: • well ~ better • badly ~ worse • far ~ further / farther

A Complete the sentences with the most suitable comparative adverb.

1 I can do it easily, but I think you can do i t _____________ than me. 2 You can live cheaply in Italy, but you can liv e _________ in Portugal. 3 I must say, you cook badly, but your brother cooks even than you! 4 We try to get to work early, but the boss always arrives than us! 5 You did well in this week’s test, but I’m sure you can do in next week’s. 6 Ahmed drives slowly, but s drives______________ It’s quicker to walk!

Superlatives To talk about the best or worst way of doing something, we use the most with -ly adverbs: • Of all the boys, Sam spoke the most politely. (But sentences like this are not very common.) Note these common irregular forms: • the best, the worst, the furthest / farthest, the earliest, the latest, the fastest, the hardest • Bob worked the hardest. • I cycled the furthest that day. • Martina ran the fastest of all.

B Complete the sentences with the most suitable superlative adverb.

1 We all tried hard to win, but Paolo tried____________ 2 Everyone got up early on holiday, but Sammy got up 3 The girls all sang well, but Eve sang

of all.

4 Gordon and Bill speak fluent Arabic, but Kevin speaks it 5 The whole family eats fast, but Dad eats _

6 I know you both ran a long way, but I ran

122

o f all. i

UNIT 69 Irregular verbs There are many irregular verbs which you have to learn. Group 1: All the parts are the same, so they are easy to learn! cost ~ cost ~ cost hurt ~ hurt ~ hurt set ~ set ~ set cut ~ cut ~ cut let ~ let ~ let shut ~ shut ~ shut hit ~ hit ~ hit put ~ put ~ put Group 2: Parts 2 and 3 are the same. buy ~ bought ~ bought find ~ found ~ found catch ~ caught ~ caught get ~ got ~ got feel ~ felt ~ felt keep ~ /cepf ~ kept

lose ~ lost ~ lost spend ~ spent ~ spent think ~ thought ~ thought

Group 3: All three parts are different, so these are the most difficult to learn. begin ~ began ~ begun eat ~ ate ~ eaten take ~ took ~ taken break ~ broke ~ broken see ~ saw ~ seen wear ~ wore ~ worn

A Fill the gaps in this table of irregular verbs. Look at the study box if you need to!

B Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the verb in brackets. Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 144 if you need to. (See Unit 54 for the past simple and Unit 56 for the present perfect.)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

cost

cost

catch

caught

take eat

eaten

hurt

hurt

lose set shut

set shut

let

9 let

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

found

find see

saw wore

think spend

thought spent

keep

kept

buy

bought

1 Ramon at the Pasta House last every day. We had a wonderful holiday. The su n _______ (shine) W hat’s happened?’ T ___________my leg!’ (hurt) Y o u ___________too much last month! (spend) I ___________a new DVD player last week, (buy) Last year’s holiday_______ _______ us far too much, (cost) I ___________six letters since nine o’clock, (write) 8 Last winter everyone in my fam ily___________flu! (catch) 9 The b oss___________me leave work early last Friday, (let) 10 I’m sorry, sir. The concert (already / begin) 11 Oh no! I think I _________ ________ my credit card! (lose) 12 Isabelle was so thirsty s h e ___________three glasses o f water. (drink)

123

UNIT 70 R ecy clin g A Read the information about the Brazilian rainforest and choose the best word (A, B or C) for each space.

new the Brazilian rainforest there is 2) _justice to the people. If your neighbour steals way of 3) _ chickens, you do not 5 ) ___________to make a one of 4) _ _____the lawcourts in the nearest long, expensive journey 6) ________ _______ month, a judge arrives town, 7 )___________, once 8) ______ 9 ) ___________each village by boat. 1 )

_____________________

he arrives, he will listen to you 11) 10) the your neighbour. Perhaps he will visit the place 12 )________ chicken 1 3 )___________stolen. Then he will decide who is right, pay. The villagers think this is and who 14) excellent new system. 15)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B Match the first part of each sentence with the correct ending.

A

B

C

In

On

At

the

a

an

bringing

bring

brought

yours

you

your

have

has

must

at

in

to

because

so

and

in

a

the

B

C at

Since

into When

Because

and

or

with

if

when

where

were

was

is

must

may

have

a

one

an

A 9 to

10 11 12 13 14 15

1 He always avoids 2 Ruth decided 3 You needn’t 4 I really hate 5 They won’t let me

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 C Put these phrases in the right order.

124

I promised

A do the shopping.

They enjoy

B to do the shopping.

He’ll have

C doing the shopping.

Rupert is very keen on No, Michelle can’t We offered My friend’s children are good at I don’t mind Someone else should

1 box little square pretty a 2 modern a(n) building ugly 3 a(n) French film interesting new

4 watch expensive Swiss a(n) 5 dress old silk a beautiful

6 new delicious dessert a Italian

U nit 70

D Compare these things or actions, by using the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the sentences. Harry, (careful)

1 Steve drives.

_ Steve, (dangerous)

Harry drives

my backpack, but my luggage

2 Samantha’s case

Samantha’s, (expensive, easy to carry)

than today, (fast) Today

3 Yesterday I worked I’m working_______

Here are the answers to some general knowledge questions. What are the questions? Write them in the spaces using the words in the box. Use each word only once. E xam ple:

Which is the largest inland sea in the world? The Caspian Sea.

river

ocean

(slow) long

independent state

country high small mountain rich deep

1

The River Nile.

2

Mount Everest.

3

The Vatican City.

4

Liechtenstein.

5

The Pacific Ocean.

125

UNIT 71 Spelling Spelling means the way we write a word: • 'Can you spell your last name forme, please?' 'Yes, it's W.E.S.T.' This is the English alphabet: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz Look in your dictionary if you don't know how to say the letters. A, B, C, D etc are capital letters. We use them for the first word in a sentence, days of the week, months, countries, languages, nationalities, names of places, people, books, films, buildings and titles: • Tuesday, June, , Portuguese, the Pacific, Turin, Julia Roberts, Mr Jones

A Put capital letters in this story where they are necessary.

when I woke up, I didn’t know where I was. ‘I’m in a hotel bedroom,’ I thought, ‘so I’m still on my business trip, but which city am I in? paris? tokyo? rome? new york?’ then I suddenly ed, ‘o f course! it’s Wednesday, so it must be madrid!’

B Write answers to questions 1-4. Make sure your spelling is correct.

1 What is the capital city o f ?

Now speak your answers to questions 5-8. Make sure you pronounce the letters clearly.

2 What is the official language o f Brazil? 3 Which day o f the week has the most letters in its name? 4 What building does the President of the United States live in? 5 What is your full name? Can you spell it, please?

6 Where do you come from? Can you spell it, please? 7 What language(s) do you speak at home? How do you spell it / them? 8 What is your nationality? How do you spell that?

STUDY TIP

Learning new spellings Look hard at the new word. Imagine your brain is a camera, and you are taking a photo of the word. Now you should have a picture of the word in your head. Write down the word. Check - does it look like the picture in your head? Do this again tomorrow, and the next day. Try to use the new word, in speaking and writing.

126

U nit 71

Here are some words which sound like each other. Look at their spelling and what they mean in the sentence. • It’s too early to have dinner. • There are two cars outside the house. • They packed their bags and drove to the station. • Have you seen that beautiful painting over there? • She loves cats - they're her favourite animal. • Were you at home last night? • Where is your cousin studying? • There were only four people on the plane. • Are you ready for lunch now? • Did you get the right answer? • Write your name here, please. • He's got no money. • I don't know which way to go. • Bring your homework over here. • I didn't hear the door bell.

C Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.

1 I’m sorry, but this coffee i s ____ hot. I can’t drink it. (to / too) 2 She’s going t o ____ her postcards this afternoon, (write / right) 3 My parents spent____ holiday in Canada, (their / there) 4 I sa w ____ women waiting at the bus stop, (for / four) 5 They’ve lived ____ since 1986. (hear / here)

6 I stayed in the tow n ____Shakespeare was bom . (were / where) 7 Teachers____ almost all the answers! (know / no) 8 Have some of these grapes._____ delicious. (There / They’re)

D Tick (✓ ) the correct spelling in each sentence. All the words have appeared in this unit.

The plain / plane landed at Larnaca airport. I’m going to the cinema tonight with my friends / freinds. She lives in a beautiful / beautifull villa near Seville. He’s a student at a langage / language school. I’m studing / studying English at college. Are you on holiday / holliday this week? My father’s on a business / buisness trip.

The plural of nouns ending in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch or -x is -es: • bus ~ buses, class ~ classes, wish ~ wishes, beach ~ beaches, tax ~ taxes Notice also: • tomato ~ tomatoes, potato ~ potatoes For nouns ending in -y after a consonant, the plural ending is-ies: • city ~ cities, family ~ families, baby ~ babies (See also Unit 36 on nouns.)

E Write the correct plural of these nouns.

1 box 2 bird 3 boy

4 beach

7 dress

5 watch

8 tomato 9 bus

6 fox

10 party 11 wish 12 race

127

UNIT 72 Postcards name of the per5or\ you are writing to

place and date Dear +

person’s name your message

ending + _ your name

Cairo, 20.09.02 Dear Neil, It’s very hot here, but I love it. The Pyramids are wonderful. Hope work is OK. See you soon. Best wishes, Alan

stamp Mr Neil McCallum 92 Eastgate Street

number and street

H E X H A M -----------

town

NE46 4FQ ENGLAND

postcode country (if necessary)

Most postcards are written in an informal style, with short forms like I'm, it's, doesn't, you're. Possible endings: Love (for a close friend), Best wishes (for a friend), and Regards or Yours (for someone you do not know well).

A Look at these adjectives and decide whether they express good or bad feelings. Put them into two groups.

B Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives from the brackets.

C Put these names and addresses in the right order.

128

wonderful exciting awful lovely beautiful horrible terrible delicious fantastic boring great GOOD: BAD:

1 The food here is really_____ . I’m already two kilos heavier! (awful / great) 2 The mountains a r e _________ . I’ve taken lots of photos. (boring / beautiful) 3 The nightlife here i s _______ _ . There’s nothing to do! (exciting / boring) 4 The weather here i s ________ _ . It rains every day. (terrible / delicious) 5 The people in the village are _________. So friendly and helpful! (wonderful / horrible) Our hotel i s ___________. It’s so dirty and noisy! (fantastic / awful) Francis Adams, Park Lane 74, BS1 4HT, BRISTOL Miss Carole Spicer, KENDAL, LA9 2SR, 27 Castle Street HELSTON, TR12 2YG, 1A Meadow Road, Nigel Beaton

U nit 72 4 AUSTRALIA, Betty Toole, SYDNEY, 15/20 Waddell Avenue, NSW 2026 5 Mr Felix Tarrant, MONMOUTH, The White House, NP5 7PM, Monnow Street

6 W13 8VZ, Mrs Clarisse Miller, LONDON, 1 Walberton Road, Flat 4

D On postcards we often use short sentences, like Hope to see you soon or Going to the museum tomorrow. Shorten these sentences in the same way.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

E Correct the postcard. There are twelve

I wish you were here. I hope you your exam. I’m going to a different village tomorrow. We visited the Alhambra Palace yesterday. I’m flying home on Saturday. I think I’ll come back here next year. We’re having a wonderful time. I swam four times yesterday!

Minorca, 28.06.02

mistakes.

Dear friend Emilia, The weather here are wonderful. Swimming three time yesterday!

ENGLAND

Going a different beach tomorrow.

Emilia Foster

Flying to home at Friday.

Fairway Crescent 9

Hope your OK. Wish you are here.

BN3 3YW

Love,

HOVE

Trish

F You are on holiday in Scotland and want to write in English to a friend at home. Choose from the phrases, and write a postcard to him / her. Start with the date,and to put your name at the end.

1 Having a wonderful / an awful time here.

2 3 4 5 6

Scotland is a boring / beautiful country. The weather here is cold and wet, and / but I love thescenery. Scottish food is interesting / terriblel People here are very kind / a bit unfriendly. I’ve already been to Edinburgh / Glasgow, and tomorrow going to see the Loch Ness Monster / visit the Highlands.

I’m

7 Hope you are OK / enjoying life.

8 See you when I get back / soon. 9 Regards / Best wishes / Love

129

UNIT 73 E-mails E-mails are electronic messages, usually from one computer to another. You can use different styles. If your e-mail is about work: • use a careful, fairly formal style • include the correct beginning and ending • write in complete sentences If your e-mail is to a friend or someone you know well: • use a relaxed, informal style • you can write Hello or Hi instead of Dear • you don't need complete sentences • you can leave out small words like I or the Most people write most of their e-mails to people they know well, so usually the style is relaxed and informal. E-mails often look like part of a conversation. (See Units 75 and 76 for beginnings and endings of letters.)

A Look at the e-mail and answer the questions.

From: To: Sent: Subject:

Sarah Latimer < [email protected]> May 10, 2002 12.06 Teaching work

Dear Mr Freeman, Thank you for the information about teaching in your school in the summer. The job looks very interesting. I’d like to think about it, and I’ll write back to you soon. Yours sincerely, Sarah Latimer

1 Who is the e-mail from? 2 Who is the e-mail to? 3 What is the date and time when it was sent? 4 What is it about? 5 What kind o f style is it written in, and why?

130

U nit 73

B Look at this e-mail from Lucy to her brother Ian. Answer the questions.

Hi, Ian! Nice to see you last weekend. Thanks for paying for that wonderful meal! By the way, did you borrow my camera? I can’t find it anywhere. I need it for my trip to Tunisia next week. Love, Lucy 1 What happened last weekend? 2 Who paid for the meal? 3 What does Lucy want to know? 4 Where is she going next week? 5 What style is this, and why?

C Look at this e-mail from Ian, replying to Lucy. Put the parts of the e-mail in the right order.

a Love, Ian b Yes, it was a lovely weekend, wasn’t it? c Perhaps you left it in Tony’s car. d Hello, Lucy e Have a great time in Tunisia! f

D It is helpful to say what the subject of your e-mail is (what the e-mail is about). Read these parts of e-mails, and choose the best subject for each.

E Write your own e-mail to one of your friends about one or more of these things. Don't forget to say what the subject is.

Sorry, I haven’t got your camera.

1 So they said OK, and I’m starting work in Geneva on Monday! It’s very exciting ... (Next week / New job) 2 I’ll be in York for the weekend, so can I come and stay on Saturday night? I’d really like to. (Weekend visit / York) 3 Tom’s still in hospital, but he feels much better now. He’s been very ill. The doctors say ... (Hello / Tom’s illness) 4 We’re thinking o f buying Dad a new TV for his birthday. What do you think? (Dad’s birthday / TV) 5 Molly can come on the 25th or the 28th. I can only come on the 25th, so is that OK with you? (Molly / Dates) 1 A key or bag you left in their flat

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Some money you left in their house A jacket you left on their chair A CD you left in their CD player Your next holiday Learning English Your plans for next weekend Your work or schoolwork

131

UNIT 74 Notes and messages A message is a piece of information, either spoken, or written in a note or letter. A note is a very short letter which may • ask for or offer information • give or accept or refuse an invitation • thank a person for something • ask a person to do something • describe something you have lost • say you are sorry about something to put your name at the end of a note or letter.

A Complete these sentences, using the best word from the pair in brackets.

1 What are you _______ this weekend? (doing / going) _____ going to Cornwall, (am / are) 2 Fiona and I 3 You can take my ca r,___________you like, (when / if) 4 I’m ___________I haven’t done my homework, (pity / sorry) 5 The exam w ill________ _ difficult, I think, (be / is) _______ me. (about/w ith) 6 My father was angry 7 Sarah can’t go to school because she’s ___________in bed. (ill / suffering) 8 It’s my birthday___________Thursday, (at / on) 9 I promise I ___________do my best, (will / may) doctor didn’t know 10 Julian often had headaches, but why. (a /th e )

B Complete Charlotte's note to Antonia, writing one word in each space.

Dear Antonia, What are you 1 )_______

next weekend? Monday 2)

a holiday, so it’s 3 ) ___________long weekend. Magdi and I 4 ) ___________going to Paris. 5 ) ___________ you like to come with

6) ___________ ? It will 7 )____________ a lot o f fun! We want 8) ___________ go up 9 ) ______________ Eiffel Tower, and 10) ___________some shopping! Please let me know soon if you can come. Charlotte Study

tip

When you write a note, use easy language, and make sure your message is very clear. Keep it short!

132

U nit 74

C Complete Mario's note to his teacher Mr Haines, writing one word in each space.

Dear Mr Haines, I’m 1 )___________I haven’t 2 ) _____________to your classes this week. I’ve been 3 ) ___________, but now I 4 ) ___________ much better. 5 ) ___________doctor says I’m OK, so I’m coming back to school 6) ___________Monday. I 7 ) ___________ try to do all my homework this weekend. See 8) ___________soon. Mario

D Look at this task.

You need some money, so you want to sell something that belongs to you. Write a note to put on the wall of your classroom or office, in 25-35 words. Say: • what it is • how much it costs • how people can you

Now read the note that someone has written. Can you find and correct the mistakes?

E Look at this task, and answer the questions.

FO R S A L E

Computer, with a internet connection. Has two years, and work perfect. I’m paying £800 for it, but want sell for £500. Is anyone interesting? Ring 01253 557712. Read this note from your friend Rafael.

Mj -^atker is visiting ijour tow n on a business trip next wont k. Can tjou s u r e s t a apod kotel ^ o r kim? Can tjou Send me fke pk one number or e-mail address? ffe's briny n^ tjou a p resent ^rom me. Wken oay\ ke ojsie ft to ijou?

1 What is Rafael’s main message? 2 What are the three things that he wants to know? Now write a note in reply, in 25-35 words.

133

UNIT 75 Letters to friends and family In letters to friends and family, we often write the way we speak. We use:

• short forms • lots of questions • exclamations • endings like Yours, Regards, Best wishes, Love, Love from ... Here is an example: Dear Nadia, How are you? I do hope you like your new job. What's your boss like? I'm very busy at work at the moment, but I'm having a holiday soon. Mike and I are going to Crete on 15th June. We're really looking forward to it! Keep in touch. Love, Ingrid

A Put the parts of this letter in the right order, and add full stops where necessary.

a I’d like to come and see you b Dear Mandy, c and Joanne wants to come, too d See you soon e I hope you’re feeling better now f

Please phone me if that’s OK

g Best wishes, Andreas h My number’s 887272

B Complete the letter to a friend, using the expressions in the box.

i

Can we come next Thursday?

j

How are you? Best wishes

let me know How are you I hope Can you come

I’m sorry

Dear Maurice, 1 ) _____________

Jamaica like? 2) 3 ) ____________

? Did you have a good holiday? What was _____________ to hear about your uncle but he’ll be better soon.

here for the weekend on the 15th? There’s a 4 ) ____________ Westlife concert on the 16th. I think I can get tickets, if you 5 ) ________________ this week.

6) ________________, Stuart

134

U nit 75

C Complete this letter to a friend by writing one word in each space.

Dear Jasmine, I’m sorry I I ) ___________come to your party 2 ) ___________ 12th August, but I’ll 3 ) ___________on holiday with Abigail and Oliver. We’re 4 ) ___________to stay 5 ) ___________ Vienna for 6) ___________week, 7 )___________ Oliver’s brother lives there. Oliver says 8) ____________is a lot to see and do in and around the city, 9 ) ___________we won’t get bored! 1 1 0 )___________you have a wonderful party. Tell 11 )___________ all about it 12) _______________________________________I get back. Love, Bethany

D Put the parts of this letter from Lucy to her friend Tony in the right order

a Perhaps I left it there at the weekend, b You see, I really need it for my holiday next week, c Best wishes, Lucy. d A quick question - is my sun hat in your car? e Dear Tony,

E Now write the letter that Tony sends back to Lucy. Some parts do not sound right, or do not answer her letter (Exercise D). Cross out these parts.

Dear my M end Lucy / Dear Lucy, Yes, your hat is in my car. / Yes, I enjoyed the weekend too. I can bring it to your house this evening. / 1 am going on holiday next month. Have you any more questions? / Is that OK? Your friend, / Best wishes, Tony

F Correct this letter from Katie to her cousin James. There are ten mistakes.

Dear James, How is you? Do you still enjoy your new job? I want hear all about it. How is your new flat? I’m really sorry I can’t come to help you move last Saturday. I have to go on a business trip to Malta last weekend, because I’ve only just returned. I hope you didn’t need me. Can we meeting for lunch one day this week? Is Wednesday OK? Please let know me. You should e-mail when you prefer. Love, Katie

135

UNIT 76 Formal letters We write formal letters to people we do not know well - for example, when asking for information, applying for a job, or booking a hotel. We use:

• complete sentences • no short forms

• no exclamations • the correct beginning and ending

Here is an example:

Dear Sir or Madam, My husband and I are planning to visit North Wales in June. Would you please send us some information on public transport, places to stay and things to do in the area. Thank you in advance for your help.

Yours faithfully, Janine Ward (Mrs) If you use someone's name, the ending is different:

Dear Mrs Evans / Dr Slope,

A Complete the letter, using the expressions in the box.

... Yours sincerely,...

arrive late Yours faithfully private bathroom book the room looking forward confirm my booking Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to 1) ________________ of a single room with 2 ) _________________ for 19th and 20th January (2 nights). I rang you earlier today to 3 ) ________________ . You already have details of my credit card. I will 4 ) _________________ on the 19th, so I will not need dinner. I am 5 ) ________________ to my stay at the Court Hotel. 6) _____________ , Dennis Baxter

B Decide which of these expressions you can use in a formal letter, and circle them.

136

Yours faithfully, Love from ...

Would you please ...

See you soon.

Thank you for your letter o f 17th January.

I would like to ...

Hello there!

How awful!

You don’t understand.

Is that OK?

Are you having a party?

Dear Sir,

Yours sincerely,

What a pity!

What’s your new office like?

Best wishes,

UNIT 77 W ritin g a diary Writing a diary is a good way of practising your English. In your diary you can write about: • what has happened today • news you have heard • your ideas and feelings In their diaries, people often use: short sentences: Got up late. Watched TV this evening. short forms: I'll, isn't, can't exclamations: It was awful!

A Mark works in an office. Look at his diary and answer the questions.

Wednesday

Terrible dc^ toda^! (Hissed th e bus so arrived la te fo r important finance meeting. Everyone looked a t me when I went in! iTlaxwell ju st said, Come in, (Hark, but 1 could see he

Was

angr^.

Then m^ computer crashed, so 1 couldn t use it all da^. L a te r , (Tlelissa rang to sa^ she was too bus^ to go out tonight! Hope things will be b e t t e r tomorrow!

1 Why was Mark late for work? 2 Who do you think Maxwell is? Why was he angry? 3 What happened to Mark’s computer? 4 Who do you think Melissa is? 5 Have you ever had a day like this? What happened?

B Write Mark's diary for Thursday, using these ideas. Look back at Exercise A if you need help.

Thursday Good day today! Got up on time / arrived early for work Nobody in the office / 1 went in Maxwell arrived after me / 1 said, ‘Good morning, Mr Maxwell!’ I could see / surprised My computer / working well / did a lot of work Melissa rang to say / would like / go out tomorrow!

C Now write your own diary page for one or more of these days.

1 A day when everything went wrong 2 A day when you had some money to spend 3 A day when you did something new or interesting 4 A day when someone was angry with you

137

UNIT 78 Filling in forms Forms ask you to give information, usually about yourself. Here are some useful words and phrases: First name / Forename Family name / Surname / Last name Occupation Title Age Sex Height Nationality Marital status Date of birth Country of birth Address Postcode Phone number (daytime /evening) Signature BLOCK CAPITALS Initials Tick (✓) Cross (X)

A Match the words and phrases 1 - 1 0 with the information. Use each item only once.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

B Read this information, then fill in the form.

Age

A Swiss / Belgian

Occupation

B single / married

Sex

C 1.55m /1.70m D 2 5 /4 5

Surname Marital status Country of birth Nationality

E Mr / Mrs / Miss / Ms / Dr F Antonio / Miranda

Height

G sales manager / teacher H Italy / Lithuania

First name

I Benedetti / Harrington

Title

J male / female

You and your friend Karen Barker both live in a town called Lewes, She lives at 34 River Lane, and you live at number 38, so you have the same postcode - BN7 2KL. You often phone her, so you know her number by heart (01273 726127). You and Karen also share the same birthday (the last day of the year!), but she is a year older than you. You were born in 1980. You know she is interested in studying at the Open University. Fill in this form, asking them to send some information to her.

SEND FOR YOUR FREE INFORMATION ON OUR COURSES NOW, to: The Open University, PO Box 625, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA. Title

Initial(s)

Surname

Address Postcode Telephone

138

Date o f birth

U nit 78

C Everyone entering the USA has to fill in a customs declaration form. This gives information about who the travellers are and what they are bringing with them. Read the information and complete the customs declaration form for Mr Bergmann.

D Victoria wants to study at a language school. Look at part of the form which she has filled in. Correct her mistakes.

Kurt Bergmann and his wife are entering the USA, on flight number MON 8416. He was born on 24th April 1982, and he comes from . He and his wife are on holiday, and are going to stay at The Cherry Tree Hotel, Boston, New England for two weeks. They are bringing two suitcases of clothes with them, and about $800 in cash.

WELCOME TO THE UNITED STATES Each arriving traveler must complete this CUSTOMS DECLARATION Last name__ First name_____ Date of birth 3 Flight number Number of family traveling with you US address I am a US citizen. YES □ NOG (Tick ✓ box) If no, which nationality? I live in the US. YES n NO □ 9 If no, length of stay___ 10 This visit is for BUSINESS □ PLEASURE □ 11 I am bringing fruit, plants, meat, food, birds or animals with me. YES □ NO □ 12 I am carrying more than $10,000. YES Q NO [ |

EXCEL SCHOOL OF ENGLISH STUDENT REGISTRATION FORM First name: Navarro Surname: Victoria Sex: Female Nationality: Bolivian Home town / city: Student Occupation: La Paz Date of birth: Single Marital status: 08.lf.l983 UK address: 4A Flat, Kings Road, PL4 5JD Postcode: Plymouth Phone number 577439 What is your first language? Spanish Do you speak any other language(s)? Y E S [✓ ] NO Q If yes, which one(s)? English,

139

UNIT 79 T ellin g a story At the beginning we usually describe what was happening before the story really started, by using the past continuous: • The sun was shining as I walked home. It was a lovely day, and I was thinking about Susie. Then we say what happened next in the story, by using the past simple: • A man with a gun ran out of the bank. A police car arrived, and drove after him. Sometimes we finish the story by saying something like this: • It was exciting / frightening / fun for all of us. • I really enjoyed / the day / the trip / the experience. When you tell your friends a story, it is important to keep talking. Don't stop speaking if you can't think of a word - try to think of another way of saying it. When you write a story, plan it before you write it, in parts or paragraphs, like this: • describing the scene at the beginning of the story • the actions that happen in the story • the end of the story (See Unit 58 on the past continuous, and Unit 54 on the past simple.)

A The past simple is the most common tense used in telling stories. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the past simple. Check the irregular verbs on page 144 if you need to.

B Match these beginnings and endings of sentences.

140

1 Last night I __________ for eight hours, (sleep) 2 My cousin ________ to visit me on my birthday, (come) 3 The film _______at 3 o’clock, (begin) ______ his leg on a skiing holiday, (break) ^ Michael ___ us an amazing story, (tell) 5 They 6 I ____ a letter to my grandfather, (write) 7 His parents _______ a car. (buy) 8 The boy ___ off his bicycle, (fall) 9 She _ a mistake, (make) 10 I t __ a lot of money, (cost) 11 They _ me a wonderful present, (give) 12 We _ a port in the taxi, (find) 1 I was having breakfast We were living in London ^ Linda was visiting her aunt 4 The driver was trying to park 5 Paul was flying to Bangkok 2

A when the pilot became ill. B when she caught malaria. C when he hit a low wall. D when our son was born. E when the phone rang.

U nit 79

C Complete the story, using the linking words in the box. (It's a true story!)

so

and

because

after

when

then

ago

but

My husband 1 )___________I are very happy with our new house —number 30 - 2 ) ___________it’s in a quiet street. Soon 3 ) ___________we bought our house, our car stopped working, 4 ) ___________we called a mechanic to the house to repair it. ‘I know number 30!’ he said. ‘I lived here ten years 5 ) ___________!’ We asked a French student to stay with us for the summer. ‘I know this house!’ he said. ‘I stayed here last summer!’

6) ___________my brother came to stay with us. T know this house!’ he said. ‘7 )___________I was a boy, I came here to visit my friend Tom. He lived here at number 30!’ Perhaps we live in a quiet street, 8) ___________lots of people know our house!

D Complete the story with the verbs in the box. They are all in the past simple. Use each verb only once. There is one extra verb that you don't need.

opened

pointed saw lost drank

heard ran ate had shouted gave turned

woke

It was a cold, wet night and I was running down a dark street. There were no street lamps, and the houses 1 )___________no lights in their rooms. ‘I’ve 2 ) ___________my way!’ I thought. Where am I?’ Suddenly a door 3 ) ___________and I 4 ) ___________ inside. I was in a big dining room, and on the table there were cakes and bottles of fruit juice. I was hungry and thirsty, so I 5 ) ___________the cakes and 6) ___________all the juice. Just then I 7 )__________________________ a noise behind me. I 8) __ round, and 9 ) ____________ a red-haired woman, dressed in black. She 1 0 )_a gun at me. ‘No, no, don’t shoot!’ I 11) _______________ • Then I 12 )___________up. It was only a dream!

E Now write a story about one of these ideas or experiences. Look back at the study box before you start.

1 A dream you had 2 A story that someone told you 3 A journey you made 4 A funny or frightening thing that happened to you 5 Something that you saw on your way to school or work

141

UNIT 80 C orrecting mistakes When you finish a piece of writing, make sure you check: • • • • • • • •

the nouns (singular / plural / uncountable) the pronouns the word order the articles the prepositions the verb forms (regular / irregular) the tense of the verbs (past / present / future) the spelling

A Correct the mistakes in this text. They are all nouns. (See Units 36 and 64 for help with nouns.)

B Complete this true story by writing the correct pronoun or possessive adjective in each gap. (See Unit 53 for help with pronouns, and Unit 52 on possessives.)

It was a cold, snowy night. I switched on my TV and watched the new. There were picture o f persons and their childs, waiting for many hour at the airport. Some of them were sitting on their luggages, others were sleeping on the floor. Outside, the snows was still falling, so only one or two plane could take off. ‘For informations about your flight, ring these two number,’ said the airport official. I was glad I had no plan to travel. A young American woman, Mary L. Cousett, disappeared one day in 1983. The police wanted to arrest 1) ___________boyfriend, Stanley Holliday Junior, for murder, but 2 ) __________ could not find 3 ) ___________body. So they asked a psychic, Greta Alexander, to help 4) . Greta was a person with unusual powers, ________ could sometimes find out what people were thinking. 5 )______ ‘A man with a bad hand, 6) ___________name begins with S, will find the body,’ 7 ) ___________said. ‘8) ___________ will be near a bridge over a river, close to a church.’ The police continued 9 ) ___________search for the body, and soon 10) __________ was found. A policeman called Steve Trew, 11) __________ had a broken bone in 12) ___________ hand, discovered Mary’s dead body, close to a bridge over the Mackinaw River, half a mile from a church. Detective William Fitzgerald told reporters, ‘Greta did a great job - 1 3 )___________helped 14)___________ to find Mary Cousett. Now we can bring the murderer to justice.’

142

U nit 80

C Put the words in the right order in each sentence.

1 Why you can’t help me? 2 She phoned the woman who the letter sent. 3 The boys do every day their homework. 4 Bettina lives in a modern pleasant flat. 5 We came last week home.

6 Yesterday drove my father to Munich. 7 I can change my class? 8 I’ve seen never that film. 9 What time does open the sports centre? 10 The picture was by Rembrandt painted. D Complete the conversation with the correct prepositions. (See Unit 57 for help with prepositions.)

‘Do you often go 1 )___Spain 2 ) ___ winter?’ ‘Oh yes. It’s warmer 3 ) ___the south than the north, o f course.’ Yes, I I stayed 4 ) ___the Hotel Condestable 5 ) ___ Burgos 6) ___a few days one winter. It was freezing!’ ‘If you ever go 7 )___Burgos 8) ___ June, there’s a wonderful fiesta.’ ‘Really? Actually, I’ll be 9 ) ___Madrid 10 )___ business soon.’ ‘When are you going?’ ‘I’m flying out 11 )___Heathrow 12 )___ 21st October. The plane arrives 13 )___Madrid 14 )___ about 8 o’clock 15 )___ the evening. And then I’ll be back the following Friday.’ ‘Well, have a good trip!’

E Correct the sentences. Each one has a different kind of mistake in it.

1 I studied here for over a year now. 2 They speak too quick for me to understand. 3 I’m electrician and my brothers are plumbers. 4 That’s the woman who her husband owns the local garage. 5 I must go to the dentist yesterday because I had toothache. 6 There’s a lot of furnitures in this room. 7 Emily enjoys to phone her friends. 8 Peter is born in Riga. 9 The train was too expensive, because I went by coach. 10 This is the end to the exercise and Unit 80!

143

IRREGULAR VERBS

144

In fin itive

Past Sim ple

Past P a rticip le

In fin itive

Past Sim ple Past P a rticip le

be beat become begin bite blow break bring build burn

been beaten become begun bitten blown broken brought built burnt/ burned bought

leave lend let lie lose

left lent let lay lost

left lent let lain lost

make mean meet

made meant met

made meant met

buy

was/were beat became began bit blew broke brought built burnt/ burned bought

pay put

paid put

paid put

catch choose come cost cut

caught chose came cost cut

caught chosen come cost cut

read ride ring rise run

read rode rang rose ran

read ridden rung risen run

do draw dream drink drive

did drew dreamt/ dreamed drank drove

done drawn dreamt/ dreamed drunk driven

eat

ate

eaten

say see sell send shake shine shoot show

said saw sold sent shook shone shot showed

fall feel fight find Ay forget

fell felt fought found flew forgot

fallen felt fought found flown forgotten

shut sing sit sleep smell

get give go grow

got gave went grew

got given gone grown

speak spend stand steal swim

shut sang sat slept smelt/ smelled spoke spent stood stole swam

said seen sold sent shaken shone shot shown/ showed shut sung sat slept smelt/ smelled spoken spent stood stolen swum

have hear hide hit hold hurt

had heard hid hit held hurt

had heard hidden hit held hurt

take teach tell think throw

took taught told thought threw

taken taught told thought thrown

keep know

kept knew

kept known

lay learn

laid learnt/ learned

laid learnt/ learned

understand understood

understood

wake wear win write

woken worn won written

woke wore won wrote

KEY D 1 How lovely! 2 Really?/How interesting! 3 What do you think?/Does she? 4 Really?/How interesting! 5 Really?/Does he?

Unit 1 A 1 are 5 later 2 bad 6 see 3 How’s 4 thanks/thank you B b, g, a, h, d, f, c, e C b, f, c, d, a, e D 1 Thanks. 2 And you. 3 I will.

4 Thanks, I will. 5 Thanks.

Unit 2 A 1 name is/name’s 2 am/’m/come 3 live 4 speak 5 am/’m 6 am/’m studying 7 work 8 like B 1 in 2 at 3 in C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

4 from 5 in

Unit 4 A 1 mean 2 does 3 understand 4 Can 6 to 7 on

Joe Jones 9 York House, Elgin Road Glasgow, Scotland married flat English and French maths work in a (baker’s) shop

Unit 3 A 1 name 2 Where 3 languages 4 subjects, studying

5 do 6 live 7 What, free 8 kind, do

B ID 2A 3E 4C 5B C1 2 3 4

Are you? Do you? Are you? Are you?

E 1 Where do you come from ? 2 Where do you live? 3 What languages do you speak? 4 Are you a student? 5 What subjects are you studying? 6 What do you do in your free time? 7 What music do you like?

5 Do you? 6 Do you? 7 Do you?

5 6 7 8

speak say singular irregular

B 1C 2A 3B IF 2E 3D 1H 21 3G C 1 What does ‘’ mean? 2 What does ‘pay and display’ mean? 3 What does ‘no entry’ mean? 4 What does ‘no smoking’ mean? 5 What does ‘reserved’ mean? 6 What does ‘staff cars’ mean? D 1 Is ‘export’ a noun or a verb? 2 Is ‘slowly’ an adverb or an adjective? 3 Is ‘people’ singular or plural? 4 Is ‘forget’ a noun or a verb? Is it regular or irregular? 5 Is ‘for’ a number or a preposition? OVER TO YOU Possible answers: 1 Sorry? What did you say? 2 What does ‘clematis’ mean? 3 How do you spell it? 4 What does that mean?

5 Can you speak more slowly/ Can you repeat it, please?

Unit 5 A 1 watching 2 like/enjoy, much 3 fond 4 interested 5 keen 6 favourite 7 really 8 bad/awful/boring B IF 2C 3E 4A 5B 6D C 1 think 2 good/great/ fantastic 3 read 4 like/enjoy

5 6 7 8

do keen don’t all

D b, g, d, h, f, c, a, e

Unit 6 A 1 like a coffee and a croissant/a pot of tea and a piece of chocolate cake 2 (I’d like) a mineral water with ice and lemon/an apple juice and a packet of crisps, please. B a, f, c, e, b, d C IB 2D 3E 4C 5A

1 2 3 4 5

order like starter main dessert

6 7 8 9 10

ice bill get take fine

Unit 7 A 1 b, d, a, c 2 a, h, d, f, c, g, b, e 3 c, g, a, h, b, e, d, f 4 b, g, c, f, a, j, d, h, e, i B 1 message 2 speak 3 meeting

4 you/things 5 help 6 See

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C 1 I’m sorry/afraid she’s busy/ in a meeting. 2 Certainly. What’s your name? 3 Right, I’ll tell her. 4 Goodbye. D IE 2C 3A 4F 5D 6B U n it 8 A IF 2C 3A 4G 51 6B 7H 8J 9D 10E B 1 2 3 4 5 6

double view bed, breakfast book full board receptionist/manager, check in 7 manager/receptionist 8 room service

C 1 2 3 4

book single bathroom view

5 check 6 board 7 bed

D 1 2 3 4

room service chicken sandwich mineral water ten minutes

E 1C 2A 3B U n it 9 A Possible answers: 1 (From the railway station) Go up this road and over the crossroads. Go straight on at the roundabout, into Church Street. The hospital is on the comer of Church Street and Victoria Avenue, just past the traffic lights. 2 (From the library) Go along Victoria Avenue to the traffic lights and turn right into North Street. Turn left at the end of North Street and you’ll see a roundabout. Take the second turning, into Bridge Road. The police station is the first building on the left, opposite the theatre.

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3 (From the health centre) Go down to the traffic lights and turn right into Market Street. Go to the roundabout at the end of Market Street and take the first turning on the left, into Church Street. Youll see the post office on your left. You can’t miss it. 4 (From the bus station) Go across Victoria Avenue at the traffic lights, into North Street. Turn right at the comer/at the tourist office into Market Street. Go straight on and you’ll come to the market on your left. It’s not far.

E c, f, a, d, e, b U n it 12 A IB 2F 3D 4E 5A 6C B IB 2G 3A 4F 5C 6E 7D C Sam: A Lizzie: C D 1 long, made, window, put camera 2 parts, for - a pair of scissors 3 strap, time - watch 4 wood, books - (coffee) table 5 handle - suitcase

B 1 1) me 2) tell 3) turn 4) it 2 1) Excuse 2) where 3) is 4) road/street 5) near/ opposite 6) on 3 1) to 2) turning 3) far 4) miss 4 1) how 2) turn 3) on 4) near

U n it 13 A 1 Breakfast 2 cycle 3 supermarket 4 check 5 gym/squash club/swimming pool

C 1 2 3 4

B c, f, d, a, e, b

bridge post office hospital the cinema

5 6 7 8

supermarket traffic lights turn way

C ID 2F 3A 4C 5G 6B 7E

C 1 He wakes up at about 7 a.m. 2 He gets up half an hour later/at 7.30. 3 He has breakfast. 4 He goes by bus/He catches a bus. 5 He arrives at school at about ten to nine/8.50. 6 School starts just before nine.

D IF 2F 3T 4F 5F 6T 7F 8T

D ID 2B 3E 4C 5F 6A

U n it 11 A 1C 2G 3F 4A 5H 6B 7E 8D

E 1 When does Sophie visit (her) patients? 2 What does she do at 11 o’clock? 3 Where does she have/eat her sandwich/lunch? 4 Where does she work in the aftemoon?/Where do patients come to see her? 5 Where does she go on her way home? 6 What does she do in the evening?

U n it 10 A IK 2D 3G 4H 5L 6B 7F 8C 9J 101 11A 12E B la 2b 3c 4c 5b 6c

B 1 2 3 4

cartoon 5 quiz shows play 6 chat show films 7 channel commercials 8 video

C IB 2D 3E 4C 5A D 1 2 3 4

TV show watch on

5 6 7 8

chat show news film start

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C 1C 2D 3E 4B 5A

Unit 14 A ID 2A

3B 4E 5C

B IE 2D

3A 4C 5B

C b, c, a, e, d D 1 put 2 tap

3 cash 5 receipt 4 Say 6 Take

E 1 2 3 4 5

Turn the key! Take it back to the shop! Switch it on! Tell the teacher. Why don’t you find a parttime job? 6 Look in the living room. 7 Write him/her a letter. 8 Go to the cash machine.

OVER TO YOU Possible answers: Switch it on/Take it back to the shop. You should go to the police station /tell the police. Why don’t you tell the teacher/ask the teacher for help?

Unit 15 A ID 2G 3B 41 5F 6A 7E 8H 9J IOC B 1 2 3 4 5 6

bus 7 bus stop 8 platform driver 9 carriages fare weekend 10 tip inspector 11 express enger 12 timetable

C IB (bus) 2A (train) 3C (taxi) D 1C 2A 3E 4B 5D

Unit 16 A 1 package 2 hostel 3 rent 4 beach 5 tent

6 7 8 9

B 1 Let’s/We could hire 2 cycling

3 could, train 4 Shall, camp 5 stay, youth

reading sunbathing eating out go, do

D 1 to stop my skin burning. 2 in case I need more money. 3 for visiting most foreign countries. 4 get on the plane without them! 5 read in the sun. 6 if you want to swim. 7 because it’s perfect for walkers. E 1C 2E 3F 4A 5B 6D

Unit 17 A 1 Can 2 I’d 3 can’t 4 would 5 think

6 7 8 9 10

think Would I’m nice love

B 1C 2E 3D 4B 5A C 1 Can you /Would you like to ... come to the cinema with me? 2 ... play squash with me? 3 ... come for a pizza with me? 4 ... come ice-skating with me? 5 ... come to a concert with me? D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

work all the, does to, be young just, the once

8 her 9 do, us 10 it’s, a 11 in, one 12 to, the 13 very

Unit 18 A 1C 2A 3B 4A 5B 6C B 1 2 3 4

visit try go learning

5 6 7 8

buy doing ask get

Unit 19 A IB 2F 3D 4E 5A 6C B 1 Can/May I borrow/use your hairdryer?

2 3 4 5

... your pen? ... your dictionary? ... your car? Can/May I borrow some money? 6 Can/May I borrow/use ... your mobile phone? 7 ... your calculator? 8 ... your jacket? C 1 Could I possibly/Do you mind if I ... leave school/ work early? 2 ... take a day off school/work next week? 3 ... move to a different class/ office? 4 ... have less homework/work a shorter day? 5 ... go to the dentist this afternoon/tomorrow?

Unit 20 A ID 2C 3A 4B B Possible answers: 1 Thank you/Thank you very much. 2 That’s OK/That’s all right/ You’re welcome. 3 Thank you/Thanks/Thanks a lot. 4 Not at all/My pleasure/ Don’t mention it/That’s OK/ That’s all right/You’re welcome. C Any of these for 1-3: I’m very sorry/I’m awfully sorry/I’m really sorry/I’m so sorry Never mind/It’s all right/It doesn’t matter/Don’t worry about it/That’s OK. D Possible answers: 1 Thanks/Thanks a lot/Thank you. 2 Never mind/It doesn’t matter/it’s not important/ That’s OK/Don’t worry about it. 3 Thank you very much/ Thanks a lot/Thank you. 4 I’m very sorry/I’m awfully sorry/I’m really sorry.

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5 Thank you/Thanks a lot/ Thank you very much. 6 I’m sorry/I’m very sorry/I’m really sorry/I’m awfully sorry/I’m so sorry.

Unit 21 A 1 Tuesday 2 Sunday

3 Wednesday 4 Saturday

B 1 Present month 2 January

3 December 4 February 5 May

C 1A 2E 3B 4D 5C

Bonfire Night Christmas Day Boxing Day New Year’s Day Valentine’s Day

D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1st May 4th June / 30th August / 22nd April / 3rd March

E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

quarter to five quarter past eleven twenty to nine twenty-five to three half past five quarter past one half past seven quarter to seven five to ten five past nine

Unit 22 A 1 Italian 2 Korean 3 Japanese 4 Turkish 5 Kuwaiti 6 German

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

7 8 9 10 11 12

/ 13th August / / / 21st April 3rd December

Greek Swiss Brazilian Dutch British French

B 1 The Taj Mahal, India 2 The Colosseum, Italy 3 The Sphinx, Egypt

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4 The Eiffel Tower, 5 Machu Picchu, Peru

F 1 Television, because you don’t sit in or on it. 2 Fridge, because it isn’t usually found in the bathroom. 3 Table, because you put things on it, not in it. 4 Wardrobe, because you don’t find it in the kitchen. 5 Washbasin, because it doesn’t use electricity.

C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Denmark Arabic Spanish Swiss Indian Chinese Italian German Welsh Portuguese

D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Turkey, Turkish Portugal, Portuguese Australia, English Argentina, Spanish Spain, Spanish the United States, English Japan, Japanese Jordan Kenya Pakistan, Urdu

Unit 23 A 1 detached house 2 cottage 3 castle B 1 flat 2 castle 3 cottage

4 bedroom 5 office

4 terraced 5 caravan

C 1 2 3 4 5 6

farmhouse villa semi-detached house palace bungalow terraced house

D 1 2 3 4 5

Palace villa bungalow Semi-detached, terraced farmhouse

E 1 bathroom 2 kitchen 3 sitting room/living room

Unit 24 A 1 si ster in jl jjiutvi 2 sister-in-law 3 U aunt. ClL4.llL/ 4 nephew 5 grandson 6 grandparents 7 cousin 8 niece 9 husband 10 grandfather 11 sons/children 12 parents B IF Your uncle is your mother’s or father’s brother/Your aunt is your mother’s or father’s sister. 2T 3F Your grandmother is your father’s or mother’s mother. 4T 5F Your niece is your brother’s or sister’s daughter/Your nephew is your brother’s or sister’s son.

Unit A IE 2H 3B 4G B 1 2 3 4

25 times countries days rooms

January February March May

5C 6D 7F 8A 5 6 7 8

homes furniture relations nationalities

June June and July July August

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C l /

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

It’s quarter past two. It’s half past seven. / It’s five past three. / It’s twenty-five to ten. /

1 2 3 4 5 6

Spanish 7 Portuguese 8 English 9 Hindi 10 Arabic 11 Mandarin 12 or 13 Cantonese 14

nit 26 1 hobbies 2 keep, gym 3 do 4 go

5 6 7 8

German Italian French Swedish Polish Greek Urdu Norwegian play use, spare at play

B IE 2B 3F 4D 5A 6C C 1 2 3 4

golf, course, clubs court, tennis, racket football, pitch swimming, pool

D 1 game 2 bat 3 court

4 draw 5 team

E IB 2D 3E 4G 5F 6A 7C

Unit 27 A 1 ear 2 eye 3 nose 4 mouth 5 cheek 6 neck 7 shoulder 8 arm 9 elbow 10 wrist 11 hand

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

B 1 stomachache 2 ear

finger thumb back chest waist hip leg knee ankle foot toe

3 4 5 6

flu pain, headache hurts, sore backache

C 1 foot 2 hand 3 wrist

4 mouth 5 arm(s) 6 ear

D 1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

diet exercise keep-fit fruit and vegetables

E 1 lose 2 gym 3 doing

sports relax balanced stress

4 jog/run 5 go 6 less

F IF 2F 3F 4F

Unit 28 A 1 newsagent’s 2 chemist’s 3 baker’s 4 butcher’s 5 florist’s 6 greengrocer’s 7 newsagent’s 8 chemist’s 9 greengrocer’s 10 bookshop B 1 bag 2 trolley 3 shelf C 1 2 3 4 5 6

4 checkout 5 change

kilo/bag 7 box bottle/can 8 bag/kilo loaf 9 packet packet 10 litre/carton bar 11 carton bunch 12 tube

D Clothes for cold weather, coat, gloves, hat, jumper, scarf What you put on your feet: boots, sandals, shoes, socks, trainers What you put on your legs: jeans, shorts, tros Clothes for women only: blouse, dress, skirt, swimsuit

E The woman is wearing a blouse, a skirt and sandals. The man is wearing a suit, a shirt, a tie and shoes. The girl is wearing a hat, a coat, a scarf, gloves and boots. The boy is wearing a T-shirt, jeans and trainers. F 1 size 2 swimsuit/ swimming trunks

3 try 4 wearing 5 suit 6 made

Unit 29 A ID 2F 3E 4G 5A 6H 7C 8B B Studying: college, library, mosque, school, temple, university Shopping: department store, market, post office, shop, shopping centre, supermarket Transport: airport, bus station, railway station, taxi rank Sports: football stadium, sports centre, sports field, tennis courts Religion: cathedral, church, mosque, temple C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

airport bank post office health centre/hospital library market/supermarket police station garage park

Unit 30 A 1H 2G 3F 4B 5A 6E 7C 8D B 1A 2C 3B 4B C 1 Bat, because the others are places where you do sports. Other possible words: court, field, stadium. 2 Racket, because the others are containers. Other possible words: bag, bottle, box, can, jar, packet.

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3 , because the others are nationalities. Other possible words: Australian, Brazilian, Japanese, Kuwaiti, Spanish, many other nationalities (see Unit 22). 4 Office, because the others are places to live. Other possible words: apartment, bungalow, caravan, castle, farmhouse, house, palace. 5 Niece, because the others are male (men or boys). Other possible words: brother-in-law, father, father-in-law, grandfather, grandson. 6 Taxi rank, because the others are places where you can buy things. Other possible words: baker’s, butcher’s, chemist’s, many other places (see Units 28 and 29). 7 August, because the others are days of the week. Other possible words: Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday. 8 Jacket, because the others are machines you find in the kitchen. Other possible words: dishwasher, freezer, microwave. 9 Sandals, because the others are materials that clothes are made of. Other possible words: nylon, leather, polyester, other materials. D LEG: foot, knee, ankle, toe ARM: elbow, wrist, hand HEAD: eye, nose, cheek, ear, mouth E 1 size 3 tie 2 skirt 4 suits

Unit 31 A 1 college 2 timetable 3 homework 4 desk

150

5 of

5 break 6 class 7 mark 8 subject

B 1C 2E 3A 4G 5F 6H 71 8J 9B 10D 5 electrician 6 earn, job 7 colleagues

C 1 2 3 4

vet apply boss manager

D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

a plumber or electrician a dentist a car mechanic a lawyer a shop assistant a taxi-driver a builder

Unit 32 A 1 chicken 2 prawns 3 onion 4 garlic 5 carrots 6 tomato 7 strawberries 8 grapes 9 pear 10 orange 11 ice cream 12 eggs 13 mushrooms 14 mineral water B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Cod Cucumber Lamb salmon, trout butter, bread eggs tea Cola delicious (Mineral) water

C 1C 2A 3B 4A 5C 6B

Unit 33 A IF 2H 3D 4A 5G 6C 7B 8E B 1 cold 2 windy 3 sunny

4 freezing 5 pouring 6 boiling

C 1 2 3 4

in icy cloudy lightning

D 1 footpath 2 canals 3 beach

5 like 6 snowing 7 sunbathing

4 mountain 5 island 6 valley

E 1 A desert has very little water in it. 2 A beach is at sea level, while the others are all much higher. 3 The sea has salt in it, not fresh water. 4 A rainforest is completely natural, not man-made in any way. F 1 riverbank 2 rainforest

3 footpath

Unit 34 A 1 appointment 6 sun 2 seat 7 prescription 3 problem 8 chemist’s 4 spots 9 twice 5 back 10 careful B d, a, g, f, e, b, c

Unit 35 A 1C 2B 3A 4B B 1 bank 2 mountain 3 forest

4 desert 5 valley

C 1 Beef, because it isn’t a kind of fish or seafood. 2 Cheese, because it isn’t a drink. 3 Honey, because it isn’t a kind of fruit. 4 Bread, because it isn’t a way of cooking. 5 Potato, because it isn’t usually eaten raw. 6 Banana, because it doesn’t come from an animal.

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D 1 2 3 4 5 6

make/have speak take cross go catch/get

7 8 9 10 11 12

fail check take try lose/drop

Unit 36 A 1 bank 2 surprise 3 bicycle, shop 4 party 5 fish, chips, lunch B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

taxis (pi) television (s) books (pi) tree (s) meals (pi) bottles (pi) e-mails (pi) clocks (pi) car (s)

C 1 2 3 4 5

sheep children mice leaves knives

Unit 38 A 1 is 2 am 3 isn’t 4 are 5 Is B 1 2 3 4

6 7 8 9

teeth men lives feet 10 women

D 1 Did someone ring the door bell? 2 I went into the shoe shop. 3 He paid the hotel bill. 4 I never use my credit card. 5 We used a tourist guide in China. 6 Have you seen the car key? 7 The lorry crashed into the street lamp. 8 We did our shopping in the town centre.

Unit 37 A 1 is 2 speaks

4 Patrick bought a new car. 5 Her mother bakes delicious cakes. 6 My uncle reads a morning newspaper. 7 They built a house and lived in it. 8 I finished the letter and posted it. 9 She cooked the meal and washed the dishes. 10 He married his girlfriend and they had a baby.

7 8 9 10

3 lives 4 drives 5 has

B A1 + B3 A2 + B5 A3 + B4 A4 + B2 A5 + B1 C 1 He speaks Arabic. 2 Clare loves skiing. 3 You take good photos.

is, am is is, is are, am

Unit 39 A 1 Are 2 Is 3 Do 4 Does B 1 2 3 4 5 6

6 7 8 9 10

Are are not is Am isn’t

5 Is, are 6 is, are 7 isn’t, is

5 6 7 8

Am Do Is Do

9 Are 10 Is

Are you Hungarian? Is Peter generous? Can you help me? Do you love me? Do they live in Berlin? Does anybody know the answer? Is she one of your friends? Can you come to my party? Do your cousins live in that house? Does the cafe open at ten?

C 1C 2D 3B 4F 5A 6E

6 What 7 How many 8 How 9 Who 10 Which/What 1H 2J 3A 4B 5G 61 7F 8C

D 1 2 3 4 5

What Where What What Which

9E 10D E 1 What’s your name? 2 How many brothers and sisters have you got? 3 Where do you live? 4 What do you do? 5 What (subjects) do you teach? 6 Which subject do you prefer? 7 How do you spend your free time? 8 What kind of music do you like? 9 Which/What countries have you visited?

Unit 40 1 tables 2 feet 3 lives 4 e-mails 5 teeth 6 children 7 knives 8 fish

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

boats bottles leaves men chips mice houses

B 1C 2A 3D 4B 5H 6E 7F 8G C 1 2 3 4 5

is Are are is, are is

6 7 8 9 10

is are, isn’t am not/m not are isn’t

D 1 2 3 4

What Where What What

5 6 7 8

How many How Who Which/What

E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

What’s your name? / Where do you live? ✓ Why are you unhappy? / Are you a student? How much does this cost? How do you open this door? Which film do you prefer?

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F IB 2A 3E 4F 5C 6D G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Are you Ed’s doctor? Is he in San Francisco? Are you sure about that? Is she at university? Am I in your way? Is he one of your friends? Why are they in Venice? Aren’t they your cousins?

H 1 White, because it isn’t a question word. 2 And, because it isn’t a verb. 3 Happy, because it isn’t a noun. 4 Does, because it isn’t part of the verb be.

Unit 41 A 1 Dennis doesn’t have a bath in the evening. 2 My parents don’t have hot milk with their coffee. 3 I don’t have my breakfast before 8 o’clock. 4 We don’t have dinner on the balcony. 5 Does Sarah have sugar in her tea? 6 Don’t you have a shower at the gym? 7 Doesn’t the President have a daily meeting with his advisers? B 1 ’ve got, haven’t got 2 ’ve got, haven’t got 3 ’ve got, haven’t got 4 ’s got, hasn’t got 5 ’s got, hasn’t got 6 ’ve got, haven’t got 7 ’s got, hasn’t got 8 ’ve got, haven’t got 9 ’s got, hasn’t got 10 ’ve got, haven’t got

CO

Unit 42 A 1 does 2 do does

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4 do 5 Do, do 6 do

B 1 Does 4 doesn’t 7 Do 2 Do 5 do 8 doesn’t 3 don’t 6 don’t 9 do C 1 He often does some shopping on his way home from work. 2 The minister doesn’t want to see anybody this morning. 3 Does everybody agree with my plan? 4 / 5 I don’t do the washing-up myself —I use a dishwasher! 6 Sorry, we don’t accept credit cards in this shop. 7 / 8 Excuse me, when does this office close?

Unit 43 1 speaks 2 drinks 3 go 4 does 5 writes 6 belongs 7 hates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

washes works cook takes know, boils loves appears

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

rides do speak watches play know wants

8 9 10 11 12

goes, uses send eats drives catches, es

C 1 He doesn’t/does not know my brother. 2 Does she get up early? 3 They don’t/do not earn a lot of money. 4 You do not/don’t seem right for the job. 5 He doesn’t/does not drive very fast. 6 Do you speak Turkish? 7 I don’t/do not feel very well. 8 Do you use your microwave? 9 Does Antonio work for Fiat? 10 This doesn’t/does not taste good.

11 Do they take photos on holiday? 12 I don’t/do not enjoy big parties. 13 We don’t/do not know what you mean. 14 Does it rain a lot in April? 15 Does he play hockey at weekends? 16 College doesn’t/does not start in September. 17 Does Yasmin come from Dubai? D Possible questions and answers: Where does Alex/Anna come from? He/she comes from Frankfurt/Milan. What language does Anna/Rod speak? She/he speaks Italian/ English. What kind of music does Rod/ Leila like? He/she likes classical/pop music. What clothes does Leila/Alex usually wear? She/he (usually) wears tros/jeans. What kind of food does Alex/ Anna like? He/she likes vegetarian food/pasta. Where does Anna/Rod often go on holiday? She/he (often) goes to the USA/Cyprus.

Unit 44 A 1 ’s/is, isn’t 2 ’m/am, ’m not 3 ’re/are, aren’t 4 ’re/are, aren’t 5 ’s/is, isn’t 6 ’m /am, ’m not 7 ’re/are, aren’t 8 ’s/is, isn’t B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

are studying is talking am e-mailing is starting is eating are driving is listening are relaxing

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C 1 Is 2 Is 3 Are

4 Am 5 Are 6 Are

7 Am

D Possible answers: 1 I’m eating/having (my) lunch. 2 I’m having a shower/I’m standing here all wet! 3 I’m lying on the beach/I’m sunbathing. E 1 2 3 4 5

sitting 6 running writing 7 shaking staying 8 waking hoping 9 lying forgetting 10 losing

F 1 2 3 4

taking 5 saying swimming 6 winning cutting 7 making dying 8 sleeping

Unit 45 A IB 2B 3A 4C 5B 6A 7B 8C B 1 is 2 Have 3 Do 1__ 4A does 5 has 6 are 7 ’m having 8 Does 9 do 10 Is

11 12 13 1A 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

have is ’m is Are have is is Do Are

C 1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12

clocks fish leaves trees feet meals

children cats oranges houses sheep knives

D 1C What is your name? 2E Where do you live? 3G / 4F / 5B Which subject do you like best? 6H What kind of music do you like?

7D ✓ 8A Which countries do you want to visit? E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

speaks goes is arriving are planning plays tastes, cook is waiting

8 tying, fall 9 writes 10 loves 11 ’m talking 12 freezes 13 ’s/is, ’s/is sunbathing

F 1 There isn’t a bank near here. 2 I don’t like cheese. 3 Sam doesn’t work for Microsoft. 4 It isn’t a useful book. 5 We aren’t leaving today. 6 I don’t understand what you mean. 7 I’m not thinking about the problem. 8 Those videos aren’t cheap! G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Are you sure? Where are my sandals? Is he your cousin? Why is Alan in Cairo? How often do you play golf? When does he get up? Does Nicole work in a hospital? 8 Are you on the train now? 9 Do you always drink tea? 10 Are you using the computer now?

Unit 46 A 1C 2H 3F 4A 5B 6D 7E 8J 9G 101 B 1 2 3 4

I’ll I’m going to Will you Shall I

5 6 7 8

Will you I’ll I’m I’ll

C 1 are you doing/are you going to do 2 are you going 3 Mexico will win 4 I’ll see

5 6 7 8 9 10

Shall we help I’ll be does your flight leave I’ll never steal Will you please shut We’re moving/going to move

D 1 ’m flying 2 Will you have 3 ’11 drive

4 leaves 5 ’re going 6 ’11 open

Unit 47 A 1 there isn’t 2 There’s/There is 3 Are there 4 There are 5 Is there 6 there’s/there is 7 There aren’t 8 Is there B 1 2 3 4 5

It’s 6 It’s There are 7 Are there It’s 8 Is it There’s 9 is it They’re/They are

Unit Ulllv “4-8 U A IB 2C 3A 4F 5E B 1 I’m certain that you’ll like India. 2 I’m sure I’ll be there. 3 I think he’s coming to the party. 4 I hope you’re feeling better now. 5 I’m sure you’ll get the job. 6 They say that Olivia is very rich. 7 He says he wants to help. 8 I know that’s the right answer.

Unit 49 A IF 2C 3J 4A 51 6D 7H 8B 9E 10G B 1 2 3 4 5

study go write speak to see

6 7 8 9 10

change get have say be

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C 1C 2F 3D 4A 5B 6E

1 2 3 4 5

may can need couldn’t can

6 7 8 9 10

needn’t may must can’t should

Unit 50 A 1C 2B 3A 4B 5C 6B 7A 8C 9C 10C B ID 2F 3A 4B 5C 6E C 1 2 3 4

don’t never can’t haven’t

5 6 7 8

isn’t aren’t don’t doesn’t

D 1 I’m not in love with you. 2 He hasn’t got a mobile phone. 3 We won’t be there by 4 p.m. 4 They aren’t good basketball players. 5 He isn’t a family doctor. 6 He doesn’t like well-cooked meat. 7 We don’t speak Italian very well. 8 They haven’t got football practice tonight. E IF 2D 3B 4E 5C 6A F 1 In the photo there are three boys. 2 What do you do? 3 It may snow today. 4 You should take care. 5 I have to go or I’ll be late. 6 Jeremy doesn’t get up before 8 a.m. 7 At college I am studying economics. 8 I think you’re/you are right. 9 How much does this cost, please? 10 Diane never arrives late. G 1 2 3 4

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ride there was him

5 6 7 8

and at lying an

U nit 51 A 1 navy blue 2 round 3 great 4 narrow

5 6 7 8

fourth long tall awful

B 1 Jeffrey was bored by the programme. 2 / 3 This is such an amusing book! 4 My mother was shocked to hear the news. 5 / 6 My brother thinks horror films are thrilling.

Unit 52 A ID 2F 3A 4G 5C 6E 7H 8B B 1 teacher’s 2 children’s 3 mine

Unit 53 A 1 us 2 him 3 me 4 them, They 5 I, us B 1 2 3 4 5

6 7

4 doctor’s 5 his 6 men’s

6 them 7I 8 her, her 9 he 10 us

Sorry, she’s out. We are here. / Those/These are the best ones. Is this your girlfriend’s computer? I saw him at the bus stop. Why are you wearing those horrible shoes? / Yes, I like her too.

8 9 10 /

C ID whose 2F which 3A who 4B when 5C where 6E why

D 1 which/that 4 who 2 where 3 why

5 whose 6 when

U nit 54 1 danced 2 drove 3 helped 4 shouted 5 was, gave 6 spent B 1 2 3 4 5

6 7

8

7 8 9 10

wrote wanted saw went, stayed, took

Did you fly to Geneva? Did we lose all the money? Did they give him a prize? Did you show her your photos? Did Rebecca borrow the money? Did Martin go home for lunch? Did he sit on the beach all day? Did he write twenty postcards?

C 1 2 3 4 5 6

Colin wasn’t in the kitchen. I didn’t lose the car key. I didn’t see the bank robbers. We didn’t fly to Hawaii. Neil didn’t write to his uncle. She didn’t work in that restaurant. 7 They didn’t dance all night.

1 2 3 4 5 6

wanted went found knew met fell

7 8 9 10 11 12

got helped became loved was died

E 1 What nationality was she? 2 Why did she go to Buenos Aires? 3 What did she do there/What was her job? 4 Who fell in love with her and married her/Who did she marry? 5 When did Juan Peron become President? 6 What did Argentinians call Eva? 7 When did she die? 8 How old was she when she died?

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F 1 2 3 4

Were Was Did Did

5 Was 6 Did 7 Did 8 Were

Unit 55 A l l wash my hair every day. 2 Do you understand the professor’s questions? 3 / 4 My nephews like pasta very much. 5 / 6 Zak’s teachers know that he will the test. 7 / 8 It’s starting to rain! 9 / B 1 started/ began 2 when 3 had 4 was/stayed 5 got 6 went/flew C 1 2 3 4

theirs them me/us She, her

7 8 9 10 11 12

5 6 7 8

his who arrived there had where/ because us hers his him

D 1C 2A 3F 4B 5D 6E E 1 fourth 2 square 3 navy blue

4 tall 5 awful

F 1 I must buy a newspaper on my way home. 2 / 3 / 4 I was bored by the film. 5 It may not rain at the weekend. 6 I think you need more money/I think you should have /save more money. 7 Do you have to go to work every day? 8 You needn’t get up early during the holidays.

9 S 10 We were thrilled to win the prize. 11 I couldn’t use my computer. 12 / G 1 2 3 4

flew lost stayed walked

Unit 56 A 1 has 2 have 3 have 4 have 5 has

5 6 7 8

6 7 8 9 10

helped drove wrote knew

I’ve/I have She’s/She has has I’ve/I have we’ve/we have

B 1 since

3 for

5 since

2 since

4 for

6 for

C 1 I haven’t /have not been here since March. 2 We have just received/got your letter. 3 Have you ever visited Ecuador? 4 Joe hasn’t/has not finished/ done his project yet. 5 We've/we have already sold our house. D 1 saw 2 Have you ever been 3 cycled 4 worked 5 has bought 6 has already gone 7 lost 8 has just ed 9 have we collected 10 haven’t seen

Unit 57 A 1 at 2 at 3 in 4 to 5 in 6 out of

7 8 9 10 11 12

on at in into, on at at

1 2 3 4 5

for at like, in with in

1 2 3 4 5 6

in during in in at at

7 in

8 9 10 11 12 13

6 7 8 9 10

on, on next in to, by like

at in at on at at

15 16 17 18 19 20

14 on

on on on on in during

21 on

Unit 58 A 1 was driving 2 were watching 3 was raining 4 was doing 5 was talking, was listening 6 was having 7 were you doing B IB 2C 3D 4A 5E C 1C 2A 3D 4E 5B

Unit 59 A 1 a 2 the 3 a 4 an

5 6 7 8

the an

9 10 the 11 a

B 1 We’re going to see a film tonight. 2 I walked down Oxford Street. 3 / 4 The River Thames flows through London. 5 My aunt cooked a hot meal for us. 6 My father’s an actor and my mother’s a writer. 7 I phoned my friend at work. 8 / 9 / 10 No smoking is allowed in the classroom!

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Unit 60

156

Unit 61

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

on in his studied in In an films like At

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

met/saw fell him saw/watched had in was felt/fell There in

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

B 1 2 3 4 5

at on at Do where

6 7 8 9 10

and will There going/planning Can/Will

B 1 2 3 4

C 1 2 3 4 5

raining, feeling thinking, washing looking, arrived walking, saw staying, lost

D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

’ve won haven’t saved has already done gave wrote broke has lived ’ve/have just ed has swum woke Have you played bought Have you ever driven didn’t die ’ve/have worked.

E 1 2 3 4 5 6

-, the 7 an, the, a 8 a, a, the the, the 9 the, a an, the, a, a 10 a, th e,11 an,- , the a, a 12 -, —, —

quickly well comfortably quietly easily carefully possibly nicely musically coldly

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

6 yet very/rather always 7 straight on, 8 left 9 5 First, then 10

C 1 2 3 4 5

slowly delicious sweetly bad happy

6 7 8 9

fast usually hard slowly rudely probably helpfully politely sadly angrily

very/rather, too there already carefully never beautiful Suddenly well wonderful

D l l have never been to Estonia. 2 Turn left at the hospital. 3 She looks rather sad today/ Today she looks rather sad. 4 He drove home very fast. 5 It is often sunny in Cyprus. 6 Are you enjoying yourself here? 7 At last she received his letter/She received his letter at last. 8 They don’t usually swim in the sea. 9 I promise to study hard. 10 The children didn’t feel very well. 11 Have you finished your homework yet? 12 He always walks to school.

Unit 62 A 1 In this town the streets are cleaned every week. 2 This CD player was made in Korea.

3 My wallet was stolen last Thursday. 4 Marcus was injured in the accident. 5 Five hundred pupils are taught in this school. 6 The children’s teeth are checked twice a year. 7 My house was built a hundred years ago. 8 All the food at the party was eaten very quickly. 9 Millions of e-mails are sent every day. 10 Two windows were broken by a football yesterday. B ID 2E 3A 4F 5B 6C C 1 are spoken 4 was painted 2 was made 5 was broken 3 are exported 6 was told

Unit 63 A 1 and 2 so 3 if 4 when

5 6 7 8

where because but or

B 1C 2E 3A 4B 5F 6D C 1 We can speak French or Russian together. 2 It’s difficult but I’ll try. 3 They don’t know where to stay. 4 Let’s have dinner when we get home. 5 He shouted because he was angry. 6 I’ll do the work if you pay me. 7 I closed the door and locked it. 8 The dog came when Adam called.

Unit 64 A 1,4, 5, 6, 8,10,11,13,16,17 and 20 are uncountable. B 1 2 3 4

The news is bad today. / It’s very good bread. ✓

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5 I’m buying some new furniture. 6 Is there any butter in the fridge? 7 I think my luggage is on the plane. 8 Five students live in my flat. 9 Swiss scenery is beautiful. 10 / 11 What information do you need? 12 No sugar for me, thank you. I don’t like it. 13 A lot of gold was stolen from the bank. 14 / 15 We bought a lot of food for lunch. C 1 2 3 4 5

any any some any any

6 7 8 9 10

any some some any any

D 1 2 3 4 5

much a few a little many a few

6 7 8 9 10

much a little many much many

E ID 2G 3A 4H 5C 6B 7E 8F

Unit 65 A 1 some 2 any 3 an, on 4 are

5 are, next 6 a, in 7 a, on

B A Is there any food in the house? B No, there isn’t any. A Didn’t you buy any? B We don’t need any. A Don’t we? Why not? B We’re eating out tonight! C A Have some rice. B I’ve had some, thanks. A Well, have another steak, then. B I’ve had one, thanks. A Anything else?

B I can’t eat any more, thanks. D A Do you eat bread with your meals? B Yes, we always eat some. A How much? B Oh, just a little. A What about potatoes? B No, we don’t eat many. E 1 2 3 4 5

slowly carefully politely hard well

6 7 8 9

happily fast coldly possibly

F IB 2B 3C 4A 5A 6B 7A 8B 9C 10A 11C 12B 13A 14C 15B 16A 17A 18B 19C 20A G 1 was 2 was 3 were

4 was 5 were 6 were

7 was 8 was

Unit 66 A 1 a beautiful gold watch 2 a small white house 3 a rectangular wooden table 4 a pretty little dog 5 a delicious Mexican meal 6 a large old building 7 a square black box 8 a blue silk dress 9 a comfortable old leather sofa 10 some delicious Italian ice cream 11 a nice new car 12 a wonderful new Russian film B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

better happier more expensive easier fatter kinder more beautiful prettier more comfortable shorter bigger

12 13 14 15 16

more modern worse redder farther/further quicker

C 1 smaller 2 lighter Q easier to carry u 4 cheaper 5 faster 6 more comfortable 7 more modern 8 less expensive D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

the longest the worst the deepest the highest the most fluent the most successful the happiest the most difficult the fastest the easiest the best the politest the largest the biggest the widest the tallest

E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

highest C biggest/largest F fastest G biggest/largest B longest A most successful E the easiest D

Unit 67 A 1 cooking 2 collecting 3 Drinking 4 reading B 1 2 3 4 5

do to see be to invite go

5 6 7 8

6 7 8 9 10

sitting getting Swimming playing to take to work to help come rain

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C IE 2A 3F 4H 5B 6C 7D 8G D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

to do to improve pleased to hear that sorry to say surprised to find hard to adapt happy to return

E 1 2 3 4

find having do to say

5 6 7 8

to be see to arrive sit

Unit 68 A 1 more easily 4 earlier 2 more cheaply 5 better 3 worse 6 more slowly B 1 2 3 4 5 6

the hardest the earliest the best the most fluently the fastest the furthest/the farthest

Unit 69 A 1 cost 2 caught 3 took, taken 4 ate 5 hurt 6 lost, lost 7 set 8 shut B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ate shone ’ve hurt spent bought cost ’ve written

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

let found seen wear, worn thought spent kept bought

8 caught 9 let 10 has already begun 11 ’ve lost 12 drank

Unit 70 A 1A 2B 3A 4C 5A 6C 7A 8B 9C 10B 11A 12C 13B 14A 15C B 1C 2B 3A 4C 5A 6B 7C 8B 9C 10A 11B 12C 13C 14A

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C 1 a pretty little square box 2 an ugly modem building 3 an interesting new French film 4 an expensive Swiss watch 5 a beautiful old silk dress 6 a delicious new Italian dessert

D 1 more carefully than, more dangerously than 2 is/was more expensive than, easier to carry than 3 faster, more slowly E 1 Which is/What’s ... the longest river in the world? 2 ... the highest mountain in the world? 3 ... the smallest independent state in the world? 4 ... the richest country in the world? 5 ... the deepest ocean in the world?

Unit 71 A When, But, Paris, Tokyo, Rome, New York, Then, Of, It’s, Wednesday, Madrid B 1 2 3 4

Berlin Portuguese Wednesday The White House

C 1 2 3 4

too write their four

5 6 7 8

here where know They’re

D1 2 3 4

plane friends beautiful language

5 6 7 8

studying holiday business Does

E 1 2 3 4 5 6

boxes birds boys beaches watches foxes

7 8 9 10 11 12

dresses tomatoes buses parties wishes races

Unit 72 A GOOD: wonderful, exciting, lovely, beautiful, delicious, fantastic, great BAD: awful, horrible, terrible, boring B 1 great 2 beautiful 3 boring

4 terrible 5 wonderful 6 awful

C 1 Francis Adams, 74 Park Lane, BRISTOL, BSl 4HT 2 Miss Carole Spicer, 27 Castle Street, KENDAL, LA9 2SR 3 Nigel Beaton, 1A Meadow Road, HELSTON, TR12 2YG 4 Betty Toole, 15/20 Waddell Avenue, SYDNEY, NSW 2026, AUSTRALIA 5 Mr Felix Tarrant, The White House, Monnow Street, MONMOUTH, NP5 7PM 6 Mrs Clarisse Miller, Flat 4, 1 Walberton Road, LONDON, W13 8VZ

D 1 Wish you were here. 2 Hope you your exam. 3 Going to a different village tomorrow. 4 Visited the Alhambra Palace last week. 5 Flying home on Saturday. 6 Think I’ll come back here next year. 7 Having a wonderful time. 8 Swam four times yesterday! E Minorca, 28.06.02 Dear Emilia, The weather here is wonderful. Swam three times yesterday! Going to a different beach tomorrow. Flying home on Friday. Hope you’re OK. Wish you were here. Love, Trish

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Emilia Foster 9 Fairway Crescent HOVE BN3 3YW ENGLAND

Unit 73 A 1 Sarah Latimer 2 John Freeman 3 10th May 2002 at 12.06 pm 4 Teaching work 5 Fairly formal because it’s about work. B 1 Ian and Lucy visited/saw each other. 2 Ian 3 If Ian borrowed her camera. 4 Tunisia 5 Relaxed and informal because Lucy is writing to someone she knows well. C d, b, f, c, e, a D 1 2 3 4 5

New job Weekend visit Tom’s illness Dad’s birthday Dates

Unit 74 A 1 doing 2 are 3 if 4 sorry

5 6 7 8

B 1 doing/ planning 2 is 3 a 4 are 5 Would C 1 2 3 4

sorry been/come ill am/feel

5 6 7 8

Unit 75 A b, j, e, a, c, i,f,h, d, g B 1 How are you 4 Can you come 2 I’m sorry 5 let me know 3 I hope 6 Best wishes Cl 2 3 4

can’t on be going/ planning 5 in 6 a/one

7 8 9 10 11 12

because/as there so hope me when

D e, d, a, b, c E Dear Lucy, Yes, your hat is in my car. I can bring it to your house this evening. Is that OK? Best wishes, Tony

be with ill on

6 7 8 9 10

perfectly. I paid £800 (for it), but I want to sell it/will sell it for £500. Is anyone interested? Ring 01253 557712. E 1 His father is visiting my town next month. 2 A good hotel for his father, its phone number or e-mail address, and when he can bring a present from Rafael.

9 will 10 the

us be to the do

The/My on/next ’ll/will you

D FOR SALE Computer, with an internet connection. (It is) two years old, and works/ working

F Dear James, How are you? Are you still enjoying your new job? I want to hear all about it. How is your new flat? I’m really sorry 1 couldn’t come to help you move last Saturday. I had to go on a business trip to Malta last weekend, and I’ve only just returned. I hope you didn’t need me. Can we meet for lunch one day this week? Is Wednesday OK? Please let me know. You can e-mail if you prefer. Love, Katie

Unit 76 A 1 confirm my booking 2 private bathroom 3 book the room 4 arrive late

5 looking forward 6 Yours faithfully B Yours faithfully, I would like to ..., Dear Sir, Would you please, Thank you for your letter of 17th January, Yours sincerely

Unit 77 A 1 He missed the bus. 2 His boss; because Mark arrived late. 3 It crashed/stopped working. 4 A friend of his, perhaps his girlfriend B Suggested answer: Good day today! I got up on time, so I arrived early for work. Nobody was in the office when I went in. When Maxwell arrived after me, I said, ‘Good morning, Mr Maxwell!’ I could see (that) he was surprised. My computer was working well, so I did a lot of work. Melissa rang to say she would like to go out tomorrow!

Unit 78 A ID 2G 3J 41 5B 6H 7A 8C 9F 10E B Title: Miss/Ms Initials(s): K Surname: Barker Address: 34 River Lane, Lewes Postcode: BN7 2KL Telephone: 01273 726127 Date of birth: 31.12.79 : 1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Bergmann, Kurt 24.04.82 MON 8416 One Cherry Tree Hotel, Boston, New England No German No Two weeks Pleasure No No

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D First name: Victoria Surname: Navarro Home town: La Paz . Occupation: Student Marital status: Single Date of birth: 8.11.83 UK address: Flat 4A, King’s Road, Plymouth Postcode: PL4 5JD . . . If yes, which ones?: English, French

Unit 79 A 1 slept 2 came 3 began 4 broke 5 told 6 wrote

7 8 9 10 11 12

bought fell made cost gave found

B IE 2D 3B 4C 5A C 1 2 3 4

and because after so

5 6 7 8

D 1 2 3 4 5 6

had lost opened ran ate drank

7 8 9 10 11 12

ago Then When but heard turned saw pointed shouted woke

Unit 80 A It was a cold, snowy night. I switched on the TV and watched the news. There were pictures of people and their children, waiting for many hours at the airport. Some of them were sitting on their luggage, others were sleeping on the floor. Outside, the snow was still falling, so only one or two planes could take off. ‘For information about your flight, ring these two numbers’ said the airport official. I was glad I had no plans to travel.

160

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

her they her/the them who whose she

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

It their/to it who his/one she us

C 1 Why can’t you help me? 2 She phoned the woman who sent the letter. 3 The boys do their homework every day/Every day the boys do their homework. 4 Bettina lives in a pleasant modem flat. 5 We came home last week/ Last week we came home. 6 Yesterday my father drove to Munich/My father drove to Munich yesterday. 7 Can I change my class? 8 I’ve never seen that film. 9 What time does the sports centre open? 10 The picture was painted by Rembrandt.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

to in in at in/near for to in

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

in on from/of on in at in

E 1 I have /I’ve studied here for over a year now. 2 They speak too quickly/fast for me to understand. 3 I’m an electrician and my brothers are plumbers. 4 That’s the woman whose husband owns the garage. 5 I had to go to the dentist yesterday ...

6 There’s a lot of furniture in this room. 7 Emily enjoys phoning her friends. 8 Peter was born in Riga. 9 The train was too expensive, so I went by coach. 10 This is the end of the exercise and Unit 80!