Infra Red Radiation Therapy Final 1t1d1s

INFRA RED Infrared radiations (IRR) are electromagnetic radiation that lies within that part of electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and microwave radiation. IR has no color, it is detected by warmth IR is emitted from any heated body Its wavelength is higher than visible light IR has a wavelength of 760nm to 1mm

ELECTRO MAGNETIC SPECTRUM INITIAL

WAVES

WAVELENGTH

R

RADIOWAVES

0.1 MM TO 100 KM

I

INFRA RED

750 NM TO 0.4 MM

V

VISIBLE LIGHT

400 NM TO 750 NM

U

ULTRA VIOLET

10 NM TO 400 NM

XG

X-RAY / GAMMA RAYS

0.01 PM TO 100 NM

760nm to 1 mm

CLASSIFICATION OF IR

IR IR A

IR C

760- 1400 NM

IR B

THERAPEUTIC

1400 – 3000 NM THERAPEUTIC

3000NM – 1MM NON THERAPEUTIC

Classification of infrared radiation Type

Wavelength

IRA (short or 760 - 1400 nm near IR) IRB (long or far 1400 – 3000 nm IR)

Penetration 5 mm reach to dermis Up to 1 mm to epidermis

IRC 3000nm – 1 mm Not used therapeutically

Production of Infrared • Infrared is produced as a result

of molecular motion within heated materials. All hot bodies emit IR, as increase the temperature of any material above absolute zero result in vibration and rotation of molecule within the material . • The wavelength of the emitted IR are determined by the temperature of the material. The higher the temperature of the body, the higher the frequency, and the shorter the wavelength.

Sources of Infrared • Natural sources: The sun • Artificial sources: 1- Luminous sources 2- Non-luminous sources

IR LAMPS

NON LUMINOUS GENERATOR

LUMINOUS GENERAT OR

Luminous Lamps (i.e. bulb)

• Electrically heated filament made of tungsten filament within a glass bulb which contain an inert gas at low pressure. Part of the glass bulb is silvered to provide a reflector. • Luminous sources emit mainly: - Short or near IR (IRA) - Visible light - Ultraviolet

Non-luminous (i.e. coil heater) • Non-luminous sources are those which produce infrared radiation from a non-glowing source, such as moist heat packs and non-luminous IR lamps • Non-luminous infrared lamp consists of a coiled resistance wire which embedded within a ceramic insulating material • Non - luminous sources emit mainly long or far IR radiation.

Absorption and penetration of IRR • IRR is strongly absorbed near the skin surface and the heat is carried to deeper tissues by conduction and by the circulating fluids. • The absorption and penetration of IRR rays depend on: 1- Frequency or wavelength of the rays 2- Angle of incidence of the rays. 3- The intensity of the emitting source.

Power • Smaller Lamps both luminous and non-luminous 250 to 500 W • Large Non-Luminous 750 to 1000 W • Large luminous 600 to 1500 W

Physiological Effects of Infrared

IRR is considered as superficial heating  modality Cutaneous vasodilatation  Erythema  Increase metabolism  Neurological effect  Effect on connective tissue

N.B. Increasing tissue extensibility by heating through IRR will not decrease soft tissue shortening. So infrared must be used in conjunction with stretching and ROM exercises

Dosage  Sensory

report of the patient  Adjusted ِAdjusted by:  Changing

power output of the lamp  Distance of lamp  Angle of incidence

Therapeutic Uses of Infrared

1. Relieve of pain 2. Reduction of muscle spasm

3. Acceleration of healing 4. Subacute and chronic

inflammation of musculoskeletal system

5. Reduction of chronic mild to

moderate edema 6. Prior to stretching & mobilizing exercises 7. Some skin conditions (fungal infection

Contraindications 1. Acute inflammation 2. Acute infection 3. Open wounds 4. Impaired sensation 5. Impaired circulation 6. Over pregnant uterus 7. Eyes 8. Metal

Proper Application • Check for any contraindications. • Clean area to be treated. • Position patient so that the lamp is perpendicular to the targeted tissue. • Intensity: adjust wattage or distance of lamp • •

Luminous = 24 inches NonLuminous = 32 inches

• Instruct patient to not move. • Check the patient often. • Instruct the patient to tell the clinician of any burning sensation.

Hazards and Dangers

• • • •

Burns Eye damage Lowered blood Pressure Areas of defective arterial blood flow • Dehydration