Welding Defect Chart q4i5
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WELDING DEFECTS & REMEDIAL MEASURES Defect
Remedial Measures
NDE
MT/PT + RT/UT
Lack Of Fusion
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Use moderate welding voltage & current according to the base metal thickness and re-weld the defective area with moderate speed. Gouge or ground from the weld face to remove entire weld down to the root. Select electrode according to welding groove size and re-weld the defective area with enough current to get the desired penetration.
MT/PT + RT/UT
Lack Of Penetration
Cracking
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Pre-heat the defective area with gas torch. Ensure a sound root and check for any flaws by PT. Complete the welding. Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Re-welding of the defective area to be carried out.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT/PT + RT/UT
Weld Discontinuity
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Re-welding of the defective area to be carried out.
MT/PT + RT/UT
Crater Pinhole
Arc Strikes discovered in or adjacent to welded ts shall be repaired by grinding and/or welding. Arc strikes repaired by welding shall be ground flush with the plate.
VT,MT/PT
Arc Strikes
Porosity
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding including thorough cleaning. During welding allow sufficient puddling time for gases to escape. At the same time hold a longer and stable arc. Ensure usage of proper current & electrodes according to the base metal.
Existing weld undercut shall be repaired by additional weld metal with moderate current and slow weld speed. Avoid usage of large electrodes.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT/PT + RT/UT
Undercut
Excessive Reinforcement
Generally it is not necessary to remove the existing weld reinforcement. However if it hinders the movement of floating roof with flexible seals, consideration shall be given to repairing the excessive reinforcement by grinding.
VT
MT- Magnetic Particle Test, PT- Penetrant Test, UT- Ultrasonic Test, RT- Radiography Test, VT- Visual Test
Burn-through
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Weld deposition to be carried out with proper electrode and appropriate current settings depending on the thickness of the base metal.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT- Magnetic Particle Test, PT- Penetrant Test, UT- Ultrasonic Test, RT- Radiography Test, VT- Visual Test
Remedial Measures
NDE
MT/PT + RT/UT
Lack Of Fusion
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Use moderate welding voltage & current according to the base metal thickness and re-weld the defective area with moderate speed. Gouge or ground from the weld face to remove entire weld down to the root. Select electrode according to welding groove size and re-weld the defective area with enough current to get the desired penetration.
MT/PT + RT/UT
Lack Of Penetration
Cracking
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Pre-heat the defective area with gas torch. Ensure a sound root and check for any flaws by PT. Complete the welding. Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Re-welding of the defective area to be carried out.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT/PT + RT/UT
Weld Discontinuity
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Re-welding of the defective area to be carried out.
MT/PT + RT/UT
Crater Pinhole
Arc Strikes discovered in or adjacent to welded ts shall be repaired by grinding and/or welding. Arc strikes repaired by welding shall be ground flush with the plate.
VT,MT/PT
Arc Strikes
Porosity
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding including thorough cleaning. During welding allow sufficient puddling time for gases to escape. At the same time hold a longer and stable arc. Ensure usage of proper current & electrodes according to the base metal.
Existing weld undercut shall be repaired by additional weld metal with moderate current and slow weld speed. Avoid usage of large electrodes.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT/PT + RT/UT
Undercut
Excessive Reinforcement
Generally it is not necessary to remove the existing weld reinforcement. However if it hinders the movement of floating roof with flexible seals, consideration shall be given to repairing the excessive reinforcement by grinding.
VT
MT- Magnetic Particle Test, PT- Penetrant Test, UT- Ultrasonic Test, RT- Radiography Test, VT- Visual Test
Burn-through
Defective weld shall be removed completely by gouging and/or grinding and the resulting cavity to be properly prepared for welding. Weld deposition to be carried out with proper electrode and appropriate current settings depending on the thickness of the base metal.
MT/PT + RT/UT
MT- Magnetic Particle Test, PT- Penetrant Test, UT- Ultrasonic Test, RT- Radiography Test, VT- Visual Test
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